16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party

The 16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP), formally the Political Bureau of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, was elected at the 1st plenary session of the 16th Central Committee of the CCP on 15 November 2002 in the aftermath of the 16th National Congress. This electoral term was preceded by the 15th Politburo and succeeded by the 17th. Of the 24 members, nine served in the 16th Politburo Standing Committee.

Composition

Members

Members of the Political Bureau of the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
^[1]
Officeholder		15th	17th	Birth	PM	Death	Birthplace	Academic attainment	Ethnicity	Gender	Offices held	Ref.
Cao Gangchuan	曹刚川	New	Elected	1938	1956	Alive	Henan	Graduate Master's degree in military engineering A degree in Russian language	Han	Male	Two State offices State Councillor of the People's Republic of China Minister of National Defence	^[2]
Chen Liangyu	陈良宇	New	Expelled	1946	1980	Alive	Hebei	Undergraduate Undergraduate degree in architectural structure	Han	Male	Two Party office Secretary, Shanghai Municipal Committee State office Mayor of the Shanghai Municipal People's Government	^[3]
Guo Boxiong	郭伯雄	New	Elected	1942	1961	Alive	Shaanxi	Not public Attained a degree in military science	Han	Male	One Military office Vice Chairman, Central Military Commission	^[4]
He Guoqiang	贺国强	New	Elected	1943	1966	Alive	Hunan	Graduate Master's degree in chemical engineering	Han	Male	One Party office Head, Organisation Department, Central Committee	^[5]
Hu Jintao	胡锦涛	Old	Elected	1942	1964	Alive	Jiangsu	Graduate Master's degree in hydraulic engineering	Han	Male	Five Party offices General Secretary, Central Committee Head, Central Leading Group for Taiwan Affairs of the Central Committee Head, Central Leading Group for Financial and Economic Work of the Central Committee Head, Central Leading Group for Network Security and Information Technology of the Central Committee Military offices Chairman, Central Military Commission President of the People's Republic of China	^[6]
Huang Ju	黄菊	Old	Died	1938	1966	2007	Shanghai	Graduate Master's degree in electrical machinery manufacturing	Han	Male	One State office Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China	^[7]
Hui Liangyu	回良玉	New	Elected	1944	1969	Alive	Jilin	Undergraduate Undergraduate degree in economics	Hui	Male	One State office Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China	^[8]
Jia Qinglin	贾庆林	Old	Elected	1940	1959	Alive	Hebei	Graduate Master's degree in engineering of electric motor and appliance design and manufacture	Han	Male	One Organisational office Chairman, National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference	^[9]
Li Changchun	李长春	Old	Elected	1944	1965	Alive	Liaoning	Graduate Master's degree in industrial enterprise automation engineering	Han	Male	Two Party office Chairman, Central Guidance Commission on Building Spiritual Civilization	^[10]
Liu Qi	刘淇	New	Elected	1942	1975	Alive	Jiangsu	Graduate Graduate degree in iron-smelting	Han	Male	Two Party office Secretary, Beijing Municipal Party Committee State office Mayor of the Beijing Municipal People's Government	^[11]
Liu Yunshan	刘云山	New	Elected	1947	1971	Alive	Shanxi	Not public Was given a university education at the Central Party School	Han	Male	One Party office Head, Publicity Department of the Central Committee	^[12]
Luo Gan	罗干	Old	Not	1935	1960	Alive	Shandong	Graduate Master's degree in engineering	Han	Male	One Party office Secretary, Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission	^[13]
Wang Lequan	王乐泉	New	Elected	1944	1966	Alive	Shandong	Graduate Doctoral degree, but unknown in which subject.	Han	Male	Two Party offices Deputy Secretary, Central Political and Legal Affairs Commission of the Central Committee Secretary, Xinjiang Provincial Party Committee	^[14]
Wang Zhaoguo	王兆国	New	Elected	1941	1965	Alive	Hebei	Graduate Master's degree in engineering.	Han	Male	Two Organisational office Chairman, Central Committee of the All-China Federation of Trade Unions State office Vice Chairman, Standing Committee of the National People's Congress	^[15]
Wen Jiabao	温家宝	Old	Elected	1942	1965	Alive	Tianjin	Graduate Doctoral degree in geological survey Bachelor's degree in structural geology	Han	Male	One State office Premier of the People's Republic of China	^[16]
Wu Bangguo	吴邦国	Old	Elected	1941	1964	2024	Anhui	Graduate Master's degree in engineering	Han	Male	One State office Chairman, Standing Committee of the National People's Congress	^[17]
Wu Guanzheng	吴官正	Old	Not	1938	1963	Alive	Jiangxi	Graduate Doctoral degree in engineering	Han	Male	One Party office Secretary, Standing Committee of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection	^[18]
Wu Yi	吴仪	Alternate	Not	1938	1962	Alive	Wuhan	Undergraduate Undergraduate degree in petroleum refinery engineering	Han	Female	One State office Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China	^[19]
Yu Zhengsheng	俞正声	New	Elected	1945	1964	Alive	Zhejiang	Graduate Graduate programme in Missile engineering	Han	Male	One Party office Secretary, Hubei Provincial Party Committee	^[20]
Zeng Peiyan	曾培炎	New	Not	1939	1978	Alive	Zhejiang	Graduate Master's degree in electrical engineering	Han	Male	One Party office Vice Premier of the People's Republic of China	^[21]
Zeng Qinghong	曾庆红	Alternate	Not	1939	1960	Alive	Jiangxi	Graduate Master's degree in engineering	Han	Male	Two Party office President, Central Party School of the Central Committee State office Vice President of the People's Republic of China	^[22]
Zhang Dejiang	张德江	New	Elected	1946	1971	Alive	Liaoning	Graduate Graduate programme in world economics Undergraduate degree in Korean	Han	Male	Two Party office Secretary, Guangdong Provincial Party Committee	^[23]
Zhang Lichang	张立昌	New	Not	1939	1966	2008	Hebei	Undergraduate Undergraduate degree in economic management	Han	Male	Two Party office Secretary, Tianjin Municipal Committee State office Chairman, Standing Committee of the Tianjin Municipal People's Congress	^[24]
Zhou Yongkang	周永康	New	Elected	1942	1964	Alive	Jiangsu	Graduate Master's degree in geophysical survey and exploration	Han	Male	Two State offices State Councillor of the People's Republic of China Minister of Public Security	^[25]

Alternate

Alternate of the Political Bureau of the 16th Central Committee of the Chinese Communist Party
^[1]
Officeholder		15th	17th	Birth	PM	Birthplace	Academic attainment	Ethnicity	Gender	Offices held	Ref.
Wang Gang	王刚	New	Member	1942	1971	Jilin	Undergraduate Undergraduate degree in philosophy	Han	Male	One Party office Head, General Office of the Central Committee	^[26]

References

^ ^a ^b "List of Politburo Members, Alternate Member". China Internet Information Center. 15 November 2002. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Cao Gangchuan". People's Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Who's Who: Chen Liangyu". China Today. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
Barboza, David (12 April 2008). "Former Party Boss in China Gets 18 Years". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Guo Boxiong". People's Daily. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "He Guoqiang". China Today . Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Profile: Hu Jintao". BBC News. 14 March 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Huang Ju". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Hui Liangyu". People's Daily. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Jia Qinglin". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China". Beijing Review. Retrieved 23 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Liu Qi". People's Daily. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Liu Yunshan 刘云山". China Vitae. Retrieved 23 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Luo Gan". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "王乐泉" [Wang Lequan] (in Chinese). The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. 24 October 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Wang Zhaoguo". People's Daily. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Wen Jiabao". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Wu Bangguo". National People's Congress. 14 March 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Wu Guanzheng". China Internet Information Center. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Wu Yi". People's Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Yu Zhengsheng 俞正声". China Vitae. Retrieved 23 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Zeng Peiyan". People's Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Zeng Qinghong". China Internet Information Center. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Zhang Dejiang 张德江". China Vitae. Retrieved 23 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Zhang Lichang". People's Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ Wu, Yuwen (12 October 2015). "Profile: China's fallen security chief Zhou Yongkang". BBC News. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
^ "Wang Gang". China Internet Information Center. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

External links

(in Chinese) Gazette of the 1st Session of the 16th CPC Central Committee

[16th-1] "List of Politburo Members, Alternate Member". China Internet Information Center. 15 November 2002. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[2] "Cao Gangchuan". People's Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[3] "Who's Who: Chen Liangyu". China Today. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)
Barboza, David (12 April 2008). "Former Party Boss in China Gets 18 Years". The New York Times. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Guo_Boxiong-4] "Guo Boxiong". People's Daily. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[5] "He Guoqiang". China Today . Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[6] "Profile: Hu Jintao". BBC News. 14 March 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[7] "Huang Ju". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Hui_Liangyu-8] "Hui Liangyu". People's Daily. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[9] "Jia Qinglin". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Li_Changchun-10] "Members of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the 17th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China". Beijing Review. Retrieved 23 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Liu_Qi-11] "Liu Qi". People's Daily. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Liu_Yunshan-12] "Liu Yunshan 刘云山". China Vitae. Retrieved 23 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[13] "Luo Gan". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Wang_Lequan-14] "王乐泉" [Wang Lequan] (in Chinese). The Central People's Government of the People's Republic of China. 24 October 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Wang_Zhaoguo-15] "Wang Zhaoguo". People's Daily. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Wen_Jiabao-16] "Wen Jiabao". People's Daily. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Wu_Bangguo-17] "Wu Bangguo". National People's Congress. 14 March 2013. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[18] "Wu Guanzheng". China Internet Information Center. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Wu_Yi-19] "Wu Yi". People's Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Yu_Zhengsheng-20] "Yu Zhengsheng 俞正声". China Vitae. Retrieved 23 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[21] "Zeng Peiyan". People's Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[22] "Zeng Qinghong". China Internet Information Center. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Zhang_Dejiang-23] "Zhang Dejiang 张德江". China Vitae. Retrieved 23 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[24] "Zhang Lichang". People's Daily. Retrieved 1 August 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[25] Wu, Yuwen (12 October 2015). "Profile: China's fallen security chief Zhou Yongkang". BBC News. Retrieved 24 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

[Wang_Gang-26] "Wang Gang". China Internet Information Center. Retrieved 31 July 2023.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: deprecated archival service (link)

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16th Politburo of the Chinese Communist Party (2002–2007)
Standing Committee	Hu Jintao (General Secretary) Wu Bangguo Wen Jiabao Jia Qinglin Zeng Qinghong Huang Ju (died 2007) Wu Guanzheng Li Changchun Luo Gan
Other members in surname stroke order	Wang Lequan Wang Zhaoguo Hui Liangyu Liu Qi Liu Yunshan Wu Yi Zhang Lichang Zhang Dejiang Chen Liangyu (expelled 2006) Zhou Yongkang Yu Zhengsheng He Guoqiang Guo Boxiong Cao Gangchuan Zeng Peiyan
Alternate member	Wang Gang
7th→8th→9th→10th→11th→12th→13th→14th→15th→16th→17th→18th→19th→20th