Visa policy of Turkey

The visa policy of Turkey is the policy by which Turkish Government determines visa requirements for visitors to Turkey and those seeking to work, study or reside there.[1]

Anyone who does not have right of abode in Turkey (Turkish citizens and Turkish Cypriot citizens) requires entry permission to enter Turkey. "Visa nationals" must always obtain entry clearance by obtaining a visa in advance of travelling to Turkey from Turkish diplomatic mission responsible for area of their residency,[a] and "non-visa nationals" may travel as a visitor to Turkey for up to ninety days within any one-hundred-eighty-day period without a visa.[2]

Document validity requirements

Turkey requires visitors from all jurisdictions holding ordinary passports to have their documents valid for at least 60 days beyond the maximum duration of stay. For example, British citizens holding ordinary passports may be granted maximum 90-day duration of stay (within any 180-day period) without a visa. Thus their passports must be valid for at least 150 days when seeking entry into the country.[3]

Council of Europe treaties

See also: List of Council of Europe treaties

Under the European Agreement on Regulations governing the Movement of Persons between Member States of the Council of Europe, Turkey maintains special facilitations to citizens of some European countries.
Citizens of Azerbaijan, Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Liechtenstein, Luxembourg, Malta, Moldova, the Netherlands, Northern Cyprus, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Spain, Switzerland, and Ukraine may use their ID cards instead of their passports to visit Turkey.[4][5][6]
Citizens of Belgium, France, Luxembourg, Portugal, Spain, and Switzerland may use ‘a passport expired for less than five years’, and citizens of Germany may use ‘a passport or an ID card expired for less than one year’ when entering Turkey.
Document validity requirements do not apply to citizens of countries holding specified documents above. These requirements do not apply to citizens of Bulgaria holding ordinary passports as well; they are only required to present valid passport for duration of stay.[7]
Even though the facilitations by Turkey mentioned above, these are not reciprocated by said European countries towards Turkish citizens, except for Azerbaijan, Georgia, Moldova, Northern Cyprus, and Ukraine, where Turkish citizens may visit with valid ID cards.

Comparison with the visa policy of the European Union

See also: Visa policy of the Schengen Area

Even though being a candidate member of the EU, Turkish and EU visa policies differ towards each other and third countries.[2] Turkey requires visas from citizens of Schengen Annex II countries and territories – Antigua and Barbuda, Australia, Bahamas, Barbados, Dominica, East Timor, Grenada, Kiribati, Marshall Islands, Mauritius, Mexico, Micronesia, Palau, Saint Kitts and Nevis, Saint Lucia, Saint Vincent and the Grenadines, Samoa, Solomon Islands, Taiwan, Tonga, and Tuvalu. However, citizens of most of these countries may apply for electronic visas.
On the other hand, Turkey grants visa-free access to citizens of Schengen Annex I countries and territories – Azerbaijan, Belarus, Bahrain, Belize, Bolivia, China, Ecuador, Indonesia, Iran, Jordan, Kazakhstan, Kuwait, Kyrgyzstan, Lebanon, Mongolia, Morocco, Oman, Qatar, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Thailand, Tunisia, Uzbekistan as well as Northern Cyprus.[b]
Turkey does not require visas from citizens of the EU and EFTA members, except for the Republic of Cyprus, whose citizens are required visas due to the Cyprus issue however, they can apply for electronic visas or may be exempted from visa requirement under certain circumstances.
On contrary to facilitations provided to the European Union and EFTA citizens, EU and EFTA members still require visas from Turkish citizens unlike the other candidate members’ citizens.

Visa policy map

Visa exemptions

Turkish entry and exit passport stamps issued at Istanbul Atatürk Airport

Ordinary passports

Citizens of the following countries and territories who hold ordinary passports do not require a visa to visit Turkey for the durations described below for tourism or business purposes (unless otherwise stated). For visits of up to 90 days within 180 days, an identity card is accepted instead of a passport for citizens of some countries. Visitors are not permitted to work and recourse to public funds.[2]

Unlimited stay

90 days within any 180 days

60 days per entry, 90 days within any 180 days

30 days per entry, 90 days within any 180 days

30 days per entry, 90 days within any 1 year

ID1 - Citizens of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus have the right to enter, reside, study, and work indefinitely in Turkey without any immigration restrictions.[7]
ID2 - Citizens of Belgium, Bulgaria, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Italy, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania and Spain may enter with an ID card for a stay of up to 90 days per 180-day period.
ID3 - May enter with an ID card for a stay of up to 90 days per 180-day period.
T - Visa free for tourism purposes only.
1 - For Chinese citizens with People's Republic of China passports, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region passports or Macao Special Administrative Region passports only.
2 - For British citizens only.[15]
3 - Excluding journalists that are on duty.[17][18]

Conditional visa free access

90 days within 180 days[2]

T - Only for touristic visits.
1 - Provided being under the age of 15 or above the age of 65.
2 - Provided residing in North Cyprus and directly arriving from Ercan International Airport; or seaports of Famagusta, Gemikonağı, or Kyrenia.[1]
3 - Provided being under the age of 15 or above the age of 50.[19]
4 - Provided being under the age of 16 or above the age of 45.

Cruise ship passengers

Passengers of cruise ships may be allowed to enter Turkey without a visa but with a visitor permit issued by officers of the docked port under authority of governor of respective city. Visitor permits shall be used to visit the port city only (and neighbouring cities depending on the permit) where the ship docked and the validity shall not be longer than seventy two hours.[29]

Non-ordinary passports

Under reciprocal agreements, holders of diplomatic or service passports or laissez-passers issued by the following jurisdictions are allowed to enter and remain in Turkey for up to 90 days in any 180 days, unless otherwise noted:

90 days within any 180 days

D - Diplomatic passports
S - Service passports
S* - For holders of service passports, 60 days within any 180-day period.
T - Only for touristic visits.
1 - Visa-exempt in general.
2 - 30 days within any 180-day period.
3 - 30 days per visit, 90 days within any 1-year period.
4 - British citizens only.

UN laissez-passer holders who have blue UN travel documents shall be exempted from entry visa requirement for their official visits to Turkey for up to 90 days in 180 days if they can certify their official assignment. Otherwise, general visa provisions shall apply.

Red UN Travel Document holders, shall be exempted from entry visa and may stay in Turkey for 90 days within the preceding 180 days regardless of their purpose of visit.[33][2]

Future changes

Turkey has signed visa exemption agreements with the following countries, but they have not yet entered into force:

Country Passports Agreement signed on
Maldives[34] Ordinary 28 January 2022

Visa types

These are correct As of March 2025.[35]

Visitor visas

  • Touristic visit
  • Business meeting/Commerce
  • Conference/Seminar/Meeting
  • Festival/Fair/Exhibition
  • Sportive activity
  • Cultural artistic activity
  • Official visit
  • Transit visas
    • Single transit
    • Double transit
  • Visit to the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus[e]

Official visas

  • Assigned for duty
  • Courier

Student visas

Work visas

  • Employment purpose/Special employment purpose
  • Assigned lecturers/academics
  • Assigned sportsperson
  • Assigned artists
  • Assigned free zone workers
  • Assigned journalists
  • Montage and repairman purposes

Other visas

  • Archaeological excavation, exploration purpose
  • Documentary purpose
  • Tour operator representative
  • Medical treatment purpose
  • Accompaniment purpose
  • Family unification purpose
  • Freight visa
  • Seafarer visa
  • Digital nomad visa[g]

Visa nationals

Visa nationals are citizens who need a visa to enter and transit through Turkey.
All visa nationals are required a visa for landside transit; and some visa nationals are required a visa also for airside transit depending on their final destination.

Airside transit

In general, a passenger who transits through one single airport in Turkey while remaining airside in the international transit area less than one day will not require a visa (transit privilege). This only applies if the transfer is possible without leaving the international transit area, which depends on the connecting flight and airport layout.[37]

Bound for the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus

On 15 August 2023, airport transit visa requirements were re-introduced.[38] Citizens of the following countries and territories are required to hold a double airport transit visa (ATV) when transiting through any airport in Turkey when they are bound for the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus. Transit visas must be obtained from Turkish diplomatic mission responsible for the applicant’s area of residency:[39]


Bound for South America

On 15 April 2024, further airport transit visa requirements were introduced. Citizens of the following countries are required to hold an airport transit visa (ATV) when transiting through any airport in Turkey when they are bound for Mexico, Panama, Colombia, or Venezuela. Airport transit visa may be applied and granted electronically.[40]

Electronic visa (e-Visa)

Türkiye Cumhuriyeti
Elektronik Vizesi
Turkish electronic visa issued to an Indian citizen holding U.S. visa
URLevisa.gov.tr

Holders of passports from following countries and territories are required visas to enter Turkey. However they may apply for an electronic visa (e-Visa) for short term visits.[h] Electronic visas may be issued with duration of stay for up to 90 days with multiple entries (unless otherwise noted) in any 180 days. Visitors are not permitted to work and recourse to public funds.[2]

F - eVisas shall be issued free of charge.
S - May only apply for a single entry e-Visa on which they can stay for up to 30 days per 180-day period.


Conditional e-Visa

Citizens of the following jurisdictions holding ordinary passports may apply electronic visa if they meet the conditions listed below. Citizens whose applications are approved shall be issued with electronic visas for single entry and for duration of stay up to 30 days. Visitors are not permitted to work and recourse to public funds.[2]

F - eVisas shall be issued free of charge.

Visa sticker

Citizens of the following countries and territories are not eligible for any of the “Visa Free Access” or “Electronic Visa” schemes. Therefore they have to obtain the appropriate type of visa for their intended visits in advance at a Turkish diplomatic mission unless they qualify for any of the “Conditional Visa Free Access” or “Conditional Electronic Visa” schemes:[2][1][43]

Visitor statistics

This section is an excerpt from Tourism in Turkey § Development of tourism.[edit]

Turkey issued 16,199,968 electronic visas between April 2013 and January 1, 2017. The acceptance rate was 87.79% as 18,452,733 applications were filed in this period. Most visas were issued to nationals of the United Kingdom (4.6 million), Iraq (2 million) and the Netherlands (1.8 million).[44]

Most tourist arrivals in Turkey come from the following countries:[45][46][47][48][49]

Country 11/2025 2024 2023 2022 2021 2020 2019 2018
Russia 6,678,647 6,710,198 6,313,675 5,232,611 4,694,422 2,128,758 7,017,657 5,964,631
Germany 6,479,513 6,620,612 6,193,259 5,679,194 3,085,215 1,118,932 5,027,472 4,512,360
United Kingdom 4,173,846 4,433,782 3,800,922 3,370,739 392,746 820,709 2,562,064 2,254,871
Iran 2,795,287 3,277,852 2,504,494 2,331,076 9,618 385,762 2,102,890 2,001,744
Bulgaria 2,550,113 2,918,581 2,893,092 2,882,512 1,402,795 1,242,961 2,713,464 2,386,885
Poland 1,892,312 1,866,986 1,539,123 1,135,903 585,076 145,908 880,839 646,365
United States 1,503,953 1,442,191 1,334,337 1,013,478 371,759 148,937 578,074 448,327
Netherlands 1,226,580 1,303,262 1,232,220 1,244,756 645,601 271,526 1,117,290 1,013,642
Georgia 1,221,535 1,466,189 1,633,978 1,514,813 291,852 410,501 1,995,254 2,069,392
Romania 1,116,627 1,173,358 990,005 886,555 496,178 269,076 763,320 641,484
France 1,039,438 1,088,380 1,031,824 986,090 621,493 311,708 875,957 731,379
Ukraine 977,975 941,614 839,729 675,467 2,060,008 997,652 1,547,996 1,386,934
Iraq 957,250 968,834 1,051,721 1,208,895 836,624 387,587 1,374,896 1,172,896
Saudi Arabia 875,275 869,453 820,683 497,914 10,083 67,490 564,816 747,233
Azerbaijan 862,975 956,178 855,445 683,834 470,618 236,797 901,723 858,506
Italy 750,344 719,668 602,176 420,661 116,806 72,619 377,011 284,195
Kazakhstan 732,244 863,542 826,319 712,136 366,076 137,213 455,724 426,916
Uzbekistan 604,184 569,818 470,644 419,673 272,604 102,598 252,138 241,235
Belgium 586,888 625,263 596,355 596,173 339,529 138,729 557,435 511,559
Greece 570,240 707,133 686,480 569,795 157,723 136,305 836,882 686,891
Austria 530,941 548,794 496,482 454,638 284,095 112,126 401,475 353,628
Spain 417,226 382,896 324,690 298,165 104,848 54,381 257,342 178,018
Czech Republic 398,119 410,280 384,158 295,454 89,734 15,642 311,359 228,251
 Switzerland 397,180 406,357 390,044 382,835 219,591 127,643 311,107 269,649
China 392,724 409,733 248,119 89,515 33,641 40,264 426,344 394,109
Sweden 386,128 397,201 364,984 415,696 192,872 93,703 444,285 384,397
Moldova 328,710 329,796 288,377 274,257 192,441 109,137 198,867 194,268
Denmark 327,113 345,198 319,835 356,127 111,499 44,694 335,877 326,278
Belarus 313,950 334,796 309,216 239,966 220,932 106,426 258,419 245,254
Algeria 307,974 324,042 292,505 210,478 48,827 50,121 295,512 288,207
Lithuania 303,521 285,026 277,810 251,619 114,227 14,194 229,704 199,371
Canada 303,506 302,728 248,868 197,416 72,034 34,210 139,164 108,272
Serbia 301,369 342,002 311,738 357,787 238,852 129,284 282,347 225,312
Northern Cyprus 271,491 261,608 215,137 182,945 68,353 59,808 268,341 266,859
Jordan 265,325 301,641 384,680 494,629 326,633 93,750 474,874 406,469
Slovakia 264,938 266,978 228,407 196,462 37,963 8,648 207,108 157,003
Hungary 259,392 252,066 222,327 165,842 76,257 16,563 149,523 123,448
India 231,312 330,985 274,159 231,579 52,651 44,707 230,131 147,127
North Macedonia 226,736 246,626 251,066 266,184 182,045 115,483 222,862 209,519
Lebanon 225,687 261,713 257,781 272,844 191,768 89,337 376,721 338,837
Ireland 213,579 195,899 163,165 136,608 36,947 26,176 96,886 71,221
South Korea 211,459 206,931 159,039 99,869 15,206 36,636 212,970 159,354
Morocco 210,845 236,764 262,124 251,708 121,333 67,775 234,264 176,538
Australia 210,104 205,874 192,770 118,847 15,674 15,109 120,837 96,488
Norway 204,637 222,994 203,325 191,789 54,633 25,100 208,330 161,789
Egypt 199,781 231,097 187,053 227,850 124,483 68,936 177,655 148,943
Kosovo 199,670 209,853 174,681 193,823 145,931 70,462 152,048 139,500
Kuwait 198,903 264,440 363,070 480,123 246,249 120,221 374,191 298,620
Indonesia 186,604 202,456 178,800 152,995 49,319 36,690 127,149 119,337
Turkmenistan 184,023 153,688 120,928 45,249 18,979 43,236 297,706 252,911
Kyrgyzstan 183,725 195,899 169,906 147,487 102,840 52,142 121,364 114,926
Bosnia 178,248 197,388 177,893 200,698 131,347 61,651 144,445 120,480
Libya 175,305 220,497 194,351 220,179 197,983 107,251 259,243 188,312
Albania 150,897 159,828 142,482 145,032 89,748 49,667 134,869 125,935
Japan 148,867 135,653 78,782 30,610 7,153 19,122 103,320 81,931
Tunisia 143,257 182,053 176,547 206,714 126,970 57,563 172,587 142,372
Pakistan 133,627 135,653 140,388 173,621 90,681 51,326 130,736 113,579
Latvia 133,059 117,402 112,165 97,240 44,760 9,392 86,051 65,868
Mexico 132,625 142,963 155,155 114,267 34,705 12,775 66,557 36,737
Finland 120,894 123,414 117,123 117,281 32,809 15,003 135,192 128,860
Philippines 118,984 129,071 120,347 97,954 55,397 48,440 139,126 95,068
Portugal 116,779 99,838 81,401 74,812 26,379 12,893 54,130 39,948
Brazil 113,071 120,201 106,717 84,582 17,788 22,722 101,164 78,691
Estonia 112,088 98,404 91,625 93,209 47,597 5,113 77,041 61,707
Israel 109,467 85,949 765,776 843,028 225,238 129,677 569,368 443,732
Malaysia 92,870 93,132 95,444 89,766 9,618 17,892 114,214 95,591
United Arab Emirates 85,095 99,992 120,819 146,438 52,587 3,772 37,500 43,292
Colombia 83,415 62,440 60,579 77,863 30,094 10,601 70,974 56,031
Croatia 74,243 64,815 56,618 61,327 29,464 16,566 56,465 44,188
Argentina 71,202 50,590 43,278 41,708 6,992 7,228 64,483 68,668
South Africa 65,188 61,673 58,672 71,636 6,088 12,251 74,652 53,544
Slovenia 54,491 51,903 47,808 48,622 18,580 8,108 50,414 40,716
Bahrain 47,186 53,144 54,899 98,147 62,730 17,852 90,299 77,075
Thailand 46,062 39,521 31,646 29,814 6,687 8,163 62,192 54,098
Qatar 45,685 48,432 61,248 92,439 83,831 31,956 108,496 96,327
New Zealand 39,023 32,562 28,327 15,448 2,746 2,879 20,912 16,174
Chile 32,632 22,073 23,385 17,333 3,815 3,320 18,509 14,609
Singapore 32,283 27,088 26,935 30,602 2,951 4,912 34,930 28,382
Montenegro 29,749 28,065 24,419 29,417 20,812 11,441 27,639 24,183
Venezuela 28,189 23,160 19,115 18,395 11,446 3,473 11,738 9,246
Yemen 28,179 27,615 31,589 34,599 21,856 13,354 41,673 39,545
Armenia 27,590 27,031 27,788 36,445 10,178 9,309 66,882 51,880
Bangladesh 26,976 22,691 19,794 24,335 8,226 5,634 20,605 17,932
Tajikistan 21,069 30,033 65,367 74,101 41,440 16,972 44,155 40,879
Luxemburg 18,501 15,979 14,582 13,186 8,499 2,228 10,957 7,716
Malta 14,858 13,339 12,261 16,321 7,163 3,258 8,739 8,287
Cyprus 14,400 14,940 12,444 11,254 2,471 2,207 12,355 10,516
Sudan 14,341 13,077 18,032 43,192 25,965 10,555 17,863 15,661
Iceland 6,965 4,297 3,656 4,070 962 541 3,966 2,935
Total 50,057,225 52,629,283 49,209,180 44,564,395 24,712,266 12,734,213 45,058,286 39,488,401

Historic visas

See also

Wikivoyage has a travel guide for Turkey.

Notes

  1. ^ Certain visa nationals may apply for electronic visas.
  2. ^ European Union does not recognize the sovereignty of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus and it does not list the country on Appendix I or II. However some EU members accept Turkish Cypriot passport for visa applications primarily at their offices in North Nicosia.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t Citizens of this country were eligible to apply for an electronic visa before the visa exemption came into force.
  4. ^ Citizens of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus have the right to enter, reside, study, and work indefinitely in Turkey without any immigration restrictions.[7]
  5. ^ Applications for this type of visa are processed on behalf of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus where a Turkish Cypriot representation is absent but also for transit purposes.
  6. ^ Applications for this type of visa are processed on behalf of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus where a Turkish Cypriot representation is absent.
  7. ^ Citizens of Austria, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, Croatia, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iceland, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Malta, the Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Ukraine, the United Kingdom, and the United States are eligible to apply for this type of visa.[36]
  8. ^ For touristic or business visits.

References

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  4. ^ Polonya Cumhuriyeti'nin Kimlik Kartı Hamili Vatandaşlarının Türkiye'ye Yapacakları Her 180 Gün İçinde Azami 90 Gün İkamet Süreli Turistik Amaçlı Seyahatlerinde ve Transit Geçişlerinde Vize Muafiyeti Sağlanması Hakkında Karar (PDF) (Cumhurbaşkanı kararı 5423) (in Turkish). President of the Turkish Republic. April 18, 2022. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2022-04-19. Retrieved 2022-04-28.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
  5. ^ Bulgaristan Cumhuriyeti'nin Kimlik Kartı Hamili Vatandaşlarının Türkiye'ye Yapacakları Her 180 Gün İçinde Azami 90 Gün İkamet Süreli Turistik Amaçlı Seyahatlerinde ve Transit Geçişlerinde Vize Muafiyeti Sağlanması Hakkında Karar (PDF) (Cumhurbaşkanı kararı 5887) (in Turkish). President of the Turkish Republic. July 27, 2022. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original on 2022-07-28. Retrieved 2022-07-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) CS1 maint: bot: original URL status unknown (link)
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  16. ^ "Visa and Passport Information Results | Visa and Passport | Emirates".
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  35. ^ General information about Turkish visas
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