Portal:Colombia

The Colombia Portal

Republic of Colombia
República de Colombia  (Spanish)
Location of Colombia (dark green)

in South America (grey)

CapitalBogotá
4°35′N 74°4′W / 4.583°N 74.067°W / 4.583; -74.067
ISO 3166 codeCO

Colombia, officially the Republic of Colombia, is a country located in South America, with insular regions in North America. Colombia's mainland is bordered by the Caribbean Sea to the north, Venezuela to the east, Brazil to the southeast, Peru and Ecuador to the south and southwest, the Pacific Ocean to the west, and Panama to the northwest. Colombia is divided into 32 departments. The Capital District of Bogotá is the country's largest city hosting the main financial and cultural hub. Other urban areas include Medellín, Cali, Barranquilla, Cartagena, Bucaramanga, Pereira, Santa Marta, Cúcuta, Ibagué, Villavicencio and Manizales. It covers an area of 1,141,748 square kilometers (440,831 sq mi) and has a population of around 52 million. Its rich cultural heritage—including language, religion, cuisine, and art—reflects its history as a colony, fusing cultural elements brought by immigration from Europe and the Middle East, with those brought by the African diaspora, as well as with those of Indigenous civilizations that predate colonization. Spanish is the official language, although Creole, English and 64 other languages are recognized regionally.

Colombia has been home to many indigenous peoples and cultures since at least 12,000 BCE. The Spanish landed in La Guajira in 1499, and by the mid-16th century had colonized much of present-day Colombia, and established the New Kingdom of Granada. Independence from the Spanish Empire was declared in 1810, with what is now Colombia emerging as the United Provinces of New Granada. After a Spanish reconquest, Colombian independence was secured and the Gran Colombia period began in 1819. The new polity experimented with federalism as the Granadine Confederation (1858) and then the United States of Colombia (1863), before becoming a centralised republic in 1886. With the backing of the US and France, Panama seceded from Colombia in 1903, resulting in Colombia's present borders. Beginning in the 1960s, the country has suffered from an asymmetric low-intensity armed conflict and political violence, both of which escalated in the 1990s. Since 2000, there has been improvement in security, stability, and rule of law, as well as economic growth and development.

Colombia is recognized for its healthcare system, being the best healthcare in The Americas according to the World Health Organization and 22nd in the world. Its diversified economy is the third-largest in South America, with macroeconomic stability and favorable long-term growth prospects. The country is one of the most progressive in the world in LGBT rights, gender equality, animal rights, and human rights, having legalized same-sex adoption, same-sex marriage, legality of abortion, legality of euthanasia, and animal rights protections.

Colombia is one of the world's seventeen megadiverse countries; it has the highest level of biodiversity per square mile in the world, and second-highest level overall. Its territory encompasses the Amazon rainforest, highlands, grasslands and deserts. Colombia is a member of global and regional organizations including the UN, the WTO, the OECD, the OAS, the CIVETS, the Pacific Alliance and the Andean Community; it is a NATO Global Partner and a major non-NATO ally of the United States. (Full article...)

Selected article -

View of the Eastern Hills, from Salitre

The Eastern Hills (Spanish: Cerros Orientales) are a chain of hills forming the eastern natural boundary of the Colombian capital Bogotá. They are part of the Altiplano Cundiboyacense, the high plateau of the Eastern Ranges of the Colombian Andes. The Eastern Hills are bordered by the Chingaza National Natural Park to the east, the Bogotá savanna to the west and north, and the Sumapaz Páramo to the south. The north-northeast to south-southwest trending mountain chain is 52 kilometres (32 mi) long and its width varies from 0.4 to 8 kilometres (0.25 to 4.97 mi). The highest hilltops rise to 3,600 metres (11,800 ft) over the western flatlands at 2,600 metres (8,500 ft). The Torca River at the border with Chía in the north, the boquerón (wide opening) Chipaque to the south and the valley of the Teusacá River to the east are the hydrographic limits of the Eastern Hills.

Geologically, the Eastern Hills are the result of the westward compression along the Bogotá Fault, that thrust the lower Upper Cretaceous rocks of the Chipaque Formation and Guadalupe Group onto the latest Cretaceous to Eocene sequence of the Guaduas, Bogotá, Cacho and Regadera Formations. The fold and thrust belt of the Eastern Hills was produced by the Andean orogeny with the main phase of tectonic compression and uplift taking place in the Pliocene. During the Pleistocene, the Eastern Hills were covered by glaciers feeding a large paleolake (Lake Humboldt) that existed on the Bogotá savanna and is represented today by the many wetlands of Bogotá. (Full article...)

Categories

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Colombia
Colombia-related lists
Buildings and structures in Colombia
Culture of Colombia
Economy of Colombia
Education in Colombia
Geography of Colombia
Government of Colombia
Health in Colombia
History of Colombia
Organisations based in Colombia
Colombian people
Politics of Colombia
Society of Colombia
Colombia stubs

Selected biography -

Calderón in 2017

Tatiana Calderón Noguera (born 10 March 1993) is a Colombian racing driver currently competing in the 2026 Stock Car Pro Series driving for SG28 Racing Toyota and serves as test driver for the Formula 2 and Formula 3 Championships. Calderón previously drove for the Drago Corse with ThreeBond squad in the Super Formula Championship and for Richard Mille Racing in the FIA World Endurance Championship.

Born into a family of car dealers, Calderón began racing go-karts at the age of nine, and was the first woman to win national karting championships in either Colombia or the United States. She progressed to car racing at the age of 17 in the Star Mazda Championship, taking two podiums in the 2011 season, a race victory in the 2014 Florida Winter Series, and was runner-up in the 2015–16 MRF Challenge Formula 2000 Championship. Calderón was the first woman to stand on the podium in the British Formula 3 International Series and the first to lead a lap in the FIA Formula 3 European Championship. From 2016 to 2018, she competed in the GP3 Series and later the 2019 Formula 2 Championship. Calderón was employed by the Sauber Formula One team (later Alfa Romeo Racing) as a development and test driver from 2018 to 2021. (Full article...)

Did you know (auto-generated)

General images

The following are images from various Colombia-related articles on Wikipedia.

Selected picture

Largest cities

 
 
Largest cities or towns in Colombia
According to the 2018 Census[2]
Rank Name Department Pop. Rank Name Department Pop.
1 Bogotá Distrito Capital 7,387,400 11 Ibagué Tolima 492,554
2 Medellín Antioquia 2,382,399 12 Villavicencio Meta 492,052
3 Cali Valle del Cauca 2,172,527 13 Santa Marta Magdalena 455,299
4 Barranquilla Atlántico 1,205,284 14 Valledupar Cesar 431,794
5 Cartagena Bolívar 876,885 15 Manizales Caldas 405,234
6 Cúcuta Norte de Santander 685,445 16 Montería Córdoba 388,499
7 Soacha Cundinamarca 655,025 17 Pereira Risaralda 385,838
8 Soledad Atlántico 602,644 18 Neiva Huila 335,994
9 Bucaramanga Santander 570,752 19 Pasto Nariño 308,095
10 Bello Antioquia 495,483 20 Armenia Quindío 287,245
  1. ^ "ARC" stands for "Armada Nacional de la República de Colombia."
  2. ^ "Largest cities" (PDF). Departamento Administrativo Nacional de Estadistica (DANE). Retrieved 10 February 2020.

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Wikiprojects

WikiProject Colombia WikiProject Colombian Departments

Things you can do

If you are interested in helping with this portal, please join WikiProject Colombia or one of its child projects:

  • WikiProject Colombian Departments
Article requests

History (High priority)

  • Pact of Benidorm (1956)
  • Chiquita papers [1]
  • Various events and aspects of the Colombian War of Independence are red linked on this template: Template:Campaignbox Colombian War of Independence
  • Various events and aspects of the Colombian conflict are red linked on this template:Template:Campaignbox Colombian conflict
  • Lleras printing press

Events

Years in

Society

  • Social structure of Colombia - Colombian middle class - Colombian upper class - Colombian working class - Colombian lower class
  • Administradora de riesgos profesionales
  • Corabastos large wet market in Bogotá
  • Plaza de Mercado Paloquemao or Paloquemao Fruit Market in Bogotá [6]
  • India Catalina Awards held since 1984 within the Cartagena Film Festival
  • Inequality in Colombia
  • Marriage in Colombia
  • Irreligion in Colombia
  • Danza del pilón

Censuses

  • Census in Colombia

Ethnic groups

  • Pacabuy
  • Passé people

Schools

See: List of universities in Colombia and its Spanish version

  • Autonomous University of Colombia
  • University College of Cundinamarca
  • ECCI University
  • Catholic University of Manizales
  • Superior College of Public Administration
  • International University of the American Tropics
  • EAN University
  • Sinú University
  • National Open and Distance University
  • University College of Cundinamarca
  • International University Foundation of the American Tropics
  • University of America
  • Catholic University of Manizales
  • Universidad Antonio Nariño
  • Autonomous University of Manizales

Sports

  • Colombia women's national ice hockey team

People (Medium priority)

See also: Wikipedia:WikiProject Women in Red/Missing articles by nationality/Colombia for Women

  • Jorge Cock Quevedo [12]
  • William Montes - politician, former senator and chamber rep.
  • Carlos Bernal Pulido [13][14] - current 2nd Vice President of Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (see article)
  • María Claudia Pulido - former (17 August 2020 – June 2021) acting Executive Secretary of the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights (see article)
  • Enrique Penalosa Camargo Colombian ambassador to the UN, Minister of Agriculture, and father of Enrique Peñalosa
  • Max Alejandro Flórez Rodríguez lawyer, former magistrate of the Superior Council of Judicature
  • Francisco Galán (ex-guerilla) the only person under the Commanders and leaders section of the Colombian conflict infobox that does not have an article. Legal name is Gerardo Antonio Bermúdez Sánchez, but is better known under his nombre de guerra.

Physical geography

  • Cayos de Este Sudeste
  • List of Colombian departments by elevation - A comprehensive list, like the equivalent article for the U.S., should include each department's high point, low point, the elevation range between the highest point and lowest point, and the average elevation.
  • Special District of Bogotá
  • Valleys and Plateaus of Colombia
  • Uramita Fault System

Rivers

  • Atacuari River
  • Yaguas River

Parks

for national parks of Colombia with Spanish articles, see Categoría:Parques nacionales de Colombia
for parks in Bogotá with Spanish articles, see Categoría:Parques de Bogotá

  • Chicó Museum
  • Río Puré National Park
  • Alto Fragua-Indi Wasi National Park
  • Cahuinarí National Park
  • Catatumbo Barí National Park
  • Cordillera de los Picachos National Park

Subdivisons

  • Junta Administradora Local

Metropolitan areas (officially defined)

See Metropolitan areas of Colombia

  • Greater Bucaramanga
  • Greater Pereira
  • Greater Valledupar

Media (Medium Priority)

  • Aló (magazine)
  • Credencial (magazine)
  • Diners (magazine)
  • Semanario Voz Newspaper of the PCC (est. 1957)
  • El Mosaico Magazine (1858-1872)

Government and political affairs (High priority)

  • Chambacú Affair
  • Demobilization process
  • Extradition Treaty (?)
  • Kidnapping of Íngrid Betancourt
  • Ralito Pact
  • Santa Fe de Ralito Agreement
  • Independence Heros of Colombia
  • Ospinopastranismo
  • Colombian judicial crisis
  • Water rationing in Bogotá

Ministries, Agencies, and Programs

  • Territorial Credit Institute
  • List of ministries of Colombia
  • Territorial Focus Development Program (PDET)
  • Ministry of Public Works (Colombia) (1905-1993)
  • Ministry of Mines and Petroleum (Colombia) (1940-1974)

Department Assemblies

see: List of Colombian Department Assemblies

Political parties/alliances

2018 Colombian parliamentary election 2015 Colombian regional and municipal elections

Embassies (Low priority)

Elections

general sources:

Presidential
  • 1811 Colombian presidential election
  • 1813 Colombian presidential election
  • 1821 Colombian presidential election
  • 1836-37 Colombian presidential election
  • 1840-41 Colombian presidential election
  • 1844-45 Colombian presidential election
  • 1863 Colombian presidential election
Legislature
  • 1813 Colombian general election
  • 1820 Colombian parliamentary election
  • 1831 Colombian Constituent Assembly election
  • 1838 Colombian parliamentary election
  • 1867 Colombian parliamentary election
  • 1892 Colombian parliamentary election
Local
  • 1991 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 1992 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 1994 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 1997 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 2000 Colombian regional and municipal elections
  • 2003 Colombian regional and municipal elections

Economy

  • Family Compensation Fund

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Sources

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