List of birds by population

This is a set of lists of bird species by global population, divided by avian order. While numbers are estimates, they have been made by the experts in their fields. For more information on how these estimates were ascertained, see Wikipedia's articles on population biology and population ecology. Contributing organizations include the IUCN, BirdLife International, and Partners in Flight.

The global population of all mature birds is estimated to be 50 – 100 billion individuals.[1][2][3][4] Total species population, including immature individuals, is higher during the breeding season of each species.[3]

These lists are incomplete, because experts have not estimated all bird populations. For example, the spectacled flowerpecker was only discovered in 2010, and did not receive its scientific name (Dicaeum dayakorum) until 2019,[5] adding to the other 73 new bird species described by ornithologists from 2000 – 2009.[6][7][8] Global population estimates for many of these at this time would lack accuracy.

All numbers are estimates, because they are made via bird surveys (e.g., point counting) and extrapolating species density estimates made via observation data over a species' known range.[9] Population estimates should be interpreted with a margin of error, even when only one value is provided.

The number of species within a order corresponds to IOC guidance[10] unless otherwise noted. IUCN/Birdlife International taxonomic classifications[11] often differ from the IOC; for specific disagreements, see Order specific pages.

By taxonomy

List by taxonomic order Birds included # of quantified species / # of total species (%)1 Example of less common species Example of more common species
Accipitriformes Hawks, eagles, kites, Old World vultures 180 / 259 (69%) Philippine eagle (CR) Roadside hawk (LC)
Pop: 128-924[12] Pop: 5,000,000-50,000,000[13]
Aegotheliformes Owlet-nightjars 1 / 10 (10%)
Anseriformes Waterfowl: ducks, geese, swans, screamers 176 / 178 (99%) White-winged duck (CR)

Mallard (LC)

Pop: 150-450[14] Pop: 17,260,000-19,300,000[15]
Apodiformes Swifts, hummingbirds 167 / 480 (35%) Santa Marta sabrewing (CR) Common swift (LC)
Pop: 1-49[16] Pop: 80,000,000-142,000,000[17]
Apterygiformes Kiwis 5 / 5 (100%) Okarito kiwi (VU) Southern brown kiwi (VU)
Pop: 350-400[18] Pop: 16,500[19]
Bucerotiformes Hornbills, hoopoes, scimitarbills 15 / 75 (20%) Sulu hornbill (CR) Eurasian hoopoe (LC)
Pop: 1 - 49[20] Pop: 5,000,000 - 10,000,000[21]
Caprimulgiformes Nightjars, nighthawks, poorwills 31 / 98 (32%) Jamaican poorwill (CR) Common nighthawk (LC)
Pop: 1-49[22] Pop: 23,000,000[23]
Cariamiformes Seriemas 0 / 2 (0%)
Cathartiformes New World vultures, condors 5 / 7 (71%) California condor (CR) Black vulture (LC)
Pop: 93[24] Pop: 50,000,000-99,999,999[25]
Casuariiformes Cassowaries, emus 3 / 4 (75%) Northern cassowary (LC) Emu (LC)
Pop: 10,000-19,999[26] Pop: 630,000-725,000[27]
Charadriiformes Waders, gulls, terns, auks 343 / 392 (88%)2 Jerdon's courser (CR) Sooty tern (LC)
Pop: 1-50[28] Pop: 23,000,000[29]
Ciconiiformes Storks 20 / 20 (100%) Storm's stork (EN) White stork (LC)
Pop: 300-1,750[30] Pop: 526,000-588,000[31]
Coliiformes Mousebirds 0 / 6 (0%)
Columbiformes Doves, pigeons 147 / 352 (42%) Grenada dove (CR) Mourning dove (LC)
Pop: 136-182[32] Pop: 120,000,000-140,000,000[33]
Coraciiformes Kingfishers, motmots, bee-eaters 58 / 186 (31%) Marquesan kingfisher (CR) Ringed kingfisher (LC)
Pop: 350[34] Pop: 20,000,000[35]
Cuculiformes Cuckoos 29 / 156 (19%) Sumatran ground cuckoo (EN) Common cuckoo (LC)
Pop: 1,500-6,000[36] Pop: 34,600,000-54,400,000[37]
Eurypygiformes Kagu, sunbittern 2 / 2 (100%) Kagu (EN) Sunbittern (LC)
Pop: 250 - 299[38] Pop: 500,000-4,999,999[39]
Falconiformes Falcons and caracaras 47 / 65 (72%) Mauritius kestrel (EN) American kestrel (LC)
Pop: 140 - 170[40] Pop: 9,200,000[41]
Galliformes Landfowl: pheasants, guineafowl, quails, curassows, megapodes 153 / 307 (50%) Edward's pheasant (CR) Common pheasant (LC)
Pop: 0-49[42] Pop: 75,000,000-150,000,0003[43]
Gaviiformes Loons 5 / 5 (100%) Yellow-billed loon (NT) Pacific loon (LC)
Pop: 11,000 – 21,000[44] Pop: 930,000 – 1,600,000[45]
Gruiformes Cranes, rails, finfoots, trumpeters, limpkin 137 / 190 (72%)4 Lord Howe woodhen (EN) American coot (LC)
Pop: 200-286[46] Pop: 7,100,000[47]
Leptosomiformes Cuckoo-roller 0 / 1 (0%)
Mesitornithiformes Mesites 3 / 3 (100%) White-breasted mesite (VU) Subdesert mesite (VU)
Pop: 5,300[48] Pop: 65,000-110,000[49]
Musophagiformes Turacos 3 / 23 (13%)
Nyctibiiformes Potoos 3 / 7 (43%) Northern potoo (LC) Great potoo (LC)
Pop: 50,000 - 499,999[50] Pop: 500,000 - 4,999,999[51]
Opisthocomiformes Hoatzin 0 / 1 (0%)
Otidiformes Bustards, floricans, korhaans 11 / 26 (42%) Great Indian bustard (CR) Little bustard (NT)
Pop: 50-249[52] Pop: 100,000-499,999[53]
Passeriformes Passerines: New Zealand wrens, suboscines, songbirds ? / 6533 Banded cotinga (CR) Barn swallow (LC)
Pop: 50-249[54] Pop: 290,000,000 - 487,000,000[55]
Pelecaniformes Ibises, spoonbills, herons, shoebill, hamerkop, pelicans 106 / 118 (90%) White-bellied heron (CR) Cocoi heron (LC)
Pop: 50-249[56] Pop: 5,000,000-49,999,999[57]
Phaethontiformes Tropicbirds 3 / 3 (100%) Red-billed tropicbird (LC) White-tailed tropicbird (LC)
Pop: 16,000-30,000[58] Pop: 400,000[59]
Phoenicopteriformes Flamingos 6 / 6 (100%) Andean flamingo (VU) Lesser flamingo (NT)
Pop: 38,000[60] Pop: 2,220,000 – 3,240,000[61]
Piciformes Woodpeckers, jacamars, toucans, barbets, honeyguides 133 / 448 (30%) Ivory-billed woodpecker (CR) Great spotted woodpecker (LC)
Pop: 1-49[62] Pop: 49,000,000-78,000,000[63]
Podargiformes Frogmouths 2 / 16 (13%)
Podicipediformes Grebes 22 / 23 (96%)5 New Zealand grebe (LC) Black-necked grebe (LC)
Pop: 1,000 – 5,000[64] Pop: 3,900,000 – 4,200,000[65]
Procellariiformes Albatrosses, shearwaters, petrels 143 / 149 (96%) New Zealand storm petrel (CR) Antarctic prion (LC)
Pop: 1-49[66] Pop: 50,000,000[67]
Psittaciformes Parrots, cockatoos 185 / 406 (46%) Orange-bellied parrot (CR) Blue-headed parrot (LC)
Pop: 20-25[68] Pop: 5,000,000-49,999,999[69]
Pterocliformes Sandgrouse 2 / 16 (13%)
Rheiformes Rheas 0 / 2 (0%)
Sphenisciformes Penguins 18 / 19 (95%) Galapagos penguin (EN) Macaroni penguin (VU)
Pop: 1,200[70] Pop: 12,600,000[71]
Steatornithiformes Oilbird 1 / 1 (100%)
Strigiformes Owls 96 / 254 (38%) Seychelles scops owl (CR) Ferruginous pygmy owl (LC)
Pop: 200-280[72] Pop: 20,000,000[73]
Struthioniformes Ostriches 1 / 2 (50%) Somali ostrich (VU) Common ostrich (LC)
Pop: unknown[74] Pop: 300,000-900,000[75]
Suliformes Shags, frigatebirds, gannets, cormorants 44 / 60 (73%) Chatham Islands shag (CR) Neotropic cormorant (LC)
Pop: 710[76] Pop: 2,000,000[77]
Tinamiformes Tinamous 17 / 46 (37%) Black tinamou (VU) Great tinamou (LC)
Pop: 1,900 – 4,400[78] Pop: 5,000,000 – 49,999,999[79]
Trogoniformes Trogons, quetzals 14 / 43 (33%) Javan trogon (VU) Collared trogon (LC)

Pop: 2,500 – 9,999[80] Pop: 5,000,000 – 49,999,999[81]


See also

Notes

1.^ Denominator (Total Species in Order) from IOC List of Birds (version 15.1).[10]
2.^ Number of species with population estimates includes estimates for Northern New Zealand dotterel, common white tern, and little white tern, which are considered full species by IUCN/BirdLife International, but subspecies by the IOC.[82][83][11]
3.^ Values include the common pheasant's estimated population across its introduced range.[43]
4.^ Number of species with population estimates includes estimates for black-winged trumpeter and Junin crake, which are considered full species by IUCN/BirdLife International, but subspecies by the IOC.[84][11]
5.^ IOC recognizes tricolored grebe as a full species; IUCN/BirdLife International do not.[85][11] The latter splits silvery grebe into two species (northern/southern silvery grebe); which the former retains as one species.[85][86] This results in 23 total species regardless, and 22 species with populations quantified.

References

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