2024 Arizona Proposition 140
November 5, 2024
| ||||||||||
Single Primary for All Candidates and Possible RCV General Election Initiative | ||||||||||
| Results | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| ||||||||||
Results by county
| ||||||||||
Arizona Proposition 140, officially the Single Primary for All Candidates and Possible RCV General Election Initiative, was an initiated constitutional amendment on the November 5, 2024 ballot in Arizona. The amendment would have replaced partisan primaries with primaries in which all candidates appear on a single ballot. It would have also introduced the use of ranked-choice voting and an electoral threshold of 50% in general elections.
Background
The state of Arizona uses semi-closed partisan primaries, where voters registered with political parties choose their party's candidates for a general election, and independents can participate in one party's primaries.[1][a] Arizona voters elect two candidates per district to the Arizona House of Representatives, and one to the Arizona Senate.[2]
General elections use a plurality voting system; the candidate – or candidates, for the state house – who receives the highest number of votes is elected to the office.[3]
Effect
Under Proposition 140, partisan primaries would have been replaced with a single ballot, with a certain number of candidates advancing to the general election.[3] The state legislature would have needed to pass a bill to determine the specific number of candidates that would have advanced from primaries to general elections.[3][1]
Candidates in general elections would have needed a majority of the votes to win.[1] If the state legislature opted for a top-two primary system, where two candidates advance to the general election, one candidate would inherently win more than half the votes. If the legislature opted for a top-three, top-four, or top-five primary, where multiple candidates advance to the general election, ranked-choice voting would be used to eliminate candidates until one achieves a majority.[4]
Additionally, Proposition 140 would have amended the state constitution to prohibit denying a citizens rights to vote, hold office, or vote for candidates based on their political affiliation. It would have also banned the use of public funds to administer partisan primaries.[3]
Endorsements
- U.S. senators
- Dennis DeConcini, former U.S. senator from Arizona (1977–1995) (Democratic)[5]
- Statewide officials
- Fife Symington, former governor of Arizona (1991–1997) (Republican)[5]
- Terry Goddard, former attorney general of Arizona (2003–2011) (Democratic)[4]
- State legislators
- Rusty Bowers, former speaker of the Arizona House of Representatives (2019–2023) from the 25th district (1993–1997, 2015–2023) (Republican)[5]
- Aaron Lieberman, former state representative from the 28th district (2019–2021) (Democratic)[6]
- Art Hamilton, former state representative from the 22nd district (1973–1999) (Democratic)[6]
- Local officials
- Paul Johnson, former mayor of Phoenix (1990–1994) (No Labels; elected as a Democrat)[4]
- John Giles, former mayor of Mesa (2014–2025) (Republican)[5]
- Labor unions
- Professional Fire Fighters of Arizona[7][8]
- Organizations
- Political parties
- Newspapers
- Executive branch officials
- Jeff DeWit, former CFO of NASA (2018–2020) and treasurer of Arizona (2015–2018) (Republican)[4]
- U.S. representatives
- Andy Biggs, AZ-05 (2017–present) (Republican)[5]
- Abraham Hamadeh, AZ-08 (2025–present) (Republican)[5]
- State officials
- Andrew Gould, former justice of the Arizona Supreme Court (2016–2021) (Republican)[6]
- State legislators
- Warren Petersen, president of the Arizona Senate (2023–present) from the 14th district (2017–2019, 2021–present) (Republican)[5]
- Ben Toma, former speaker of the Arizona House of Representatives (2023–2025) from the 27th district (2017–2025) (Republican)[5]
- Jake Hoffman, state senator from the 15th district (2023–present) (Republican)[5]
- Alexander Kolodin, state representative from the 3rd district (2023–present) (Republican)[5]
- Analise Ortiz, state senator from the 14th district (2025–present) (Democratic)[5]
- Local officials
- Regina Romero, mayor of Tucson (2019–present) (Democratic)[5]
- Mark Lamb, former sheriff of Pinal County (2017–2024) (Republican)[6]
- Individuals
- Nancy Cottle, fake elector in the 2020 presidential election (Republican)[5]
- Organizations
- Center for Arizona Policy[6]
- Heritage Action[6]
- Turning Point Action[6]
- Goldwater Institute[14]
- League of Women Voters Arizona[6]
- Planned Parenthood Arizona[15]
- Political parties
Results
| Elections in Arizona |
|---|
| Choice | Votes | % |
|---|---|---|
| No | 1,823,445 | 58.68 |
| Yes | 1,284,176 | 41.32 |
| Total votes | 3,107,621 | 100.00 |
| Source: [18] | ||
See also
Notes
- ^ For a specific election, a registered independent could choose to vote in a Republican primary, but not a Democratic primary, and vice versa.
References
- ^ a b c "Arizona Proposition 140, Single Primary for All Candidates and Possible RCV General Election Initiative (2024)". Ballotpedia. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ "Article 4 Part 2 Section 1 - Senate; house of representatives; members; special session upon petition of members; congressional and legislative boundaries; citizen commissions". Arizona Legislature. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ a b c d "Proposition 140 would overhaul Arizona's election system. Here's what to know". Votebeat. 7 October 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ a b c d "Arizona Proposition 140 would implement a single primary for all candidates". Reason Foundation. 14 October 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Roberts, Laurie. "Why is Proposition 140 a great idea? Look who opposes it". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Sievers, Caitlin (21 October 2024). "Prop 133 and Prop 140 give voters a choice: Should Arizona primaries be open or partisan?". Arizona Mirror. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ a b "Prop 140 - Make Elections Fair Arizona Act". iVoterGuide. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
- ^ "Brothers and Sisters, this PFFA voter guide contains our recommendations for the upcoming general election set for November 5, 2024". @az_firefighters on Instagram.
- ^ "Donate to 2024 campaigns". Open Primaries. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
- ^ "Arizona: Open Primaries + Instant Runoff". RepresentUs. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
- ^ "Yes! on open non-partisan primaries in Arizona". Forward Party. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ "Opinion: Sick of your Arizona election choices? Then change how we get them". The Arizona Republic. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ "The Arizona Daily Star's endorsements for 2024". Arizona Daily Star. 3 November 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ Gould, Andrew W. (9 October 2024). "Arizonans Should Reject Prop 140's Radical Voting Scheme". Goldwater Institute. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ "Voter Guide 2024" (PDF). Planned Parenthood Action. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ Pallack, Becky (10 October 2024). "2024 election guide: Propositions on the ballot in Arizona and Pima County". AZ Luminaria. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ Monaco, Charles (30 September 2024). "Arizona Working Families Ballot Guide 2024". Working Families Party. Retrieved 9 January 2026.
- ^ "Arizona Proposition 140 Election Results: Eliminate Partisan Primaries". The New York Times. 5 November 2024. Retrieved 9 January 2026.