2002 United States Senate election in Tennessee
November 5, 2002
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| Turnout | 50.40% [1] 12.37 pp | ||||||||||||||||
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Alexander: 40–50% 50–60% 60—70% 70–80% Clement: 40–50% 50–60% 60–70% | |||||||||||||||||
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| Elections in Tennessee |
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| Government |
The 2002 United States Senate election in Tennessee was held on November 5, 2002, to elect a member of the United States Senate to represent the state of Tennessee. Incumbent Republican Senator Fred Thompson announced that he would not seek re-election. Former Republican Governor Lamar Alexander won the open seat, defeating Democratic Congressman Bob Clement with 54.3% of the vote.
With this election, Alexander became the first Tennessean to be popularly elected both governor and senator.[2] At the age of 62, Alexander also became the oldest elected freshman US senator from Tennessee since Democrat Lawrence D. Tyson in 1924, which he held until 2018 when Marsha Blackburn surpassed him at the age of 66.
Background
In early 2002, Republican Senator Fred Thompson announced that he would not seek re-election to the United States Senate, reversing earlier indications that he intended to run for a second full term. His retirement created an open-seat contest in a state that had trended Republican in recent federal elections, contributing to increased attention on the race within Tennessee.[3]
The open seat drew involvement from both state and national party organizations. Lamar Alexander, a former Governor of Tennessee and United States Secretary of Education, entered the race and won the Republican nomination. His prior statewide service and fundraising totals placed him in a strong position heading into the general election.[4] President George W. Bush, who had a 60% approval rating in the state, participated in campaign events for Alexander, including fundraising and public appearances in Tennessee during the general election.[5][6]
Bob Clement, a member of the United States House of Representatives and the son of former Tennessee governor Frank G. Clement, won the Democratic nomination.
Alexander raised $2 million through June 2002.[7] Clement attacked the Governor for his corporate connections and business dealings. By October, Clement had nearly raised $900,000, while Alexander raised almost $3 million.[8] Alexander was also endorsed by the NRA Political Victory Fund.[9]
Republican primary
Campaign
The Republican primary between former Governor Lamar Alexander and U.S. Representative Ed Bryant involved competitive campaigning and ideological differences that drew attention within the state. Bryant positioned himself as the more conservative candidate, running television advertisements criticizing Alexander's record and emphasizing his own conservative credentials. Alexander's campaign responded by highlighting his prior experience in statewide and national office. Observers noted that the tone of the advertisements and the exchanges between the campaigns reflected the ongoing battle between moderate and conservative factions of the Tennessee Republican Party during the primary.[10]
Political scientists later observed that although Bryant’s campaign framed the race around conservative principles, he was unable to consolidate the state’s religious right base behind his candidacy, contributing to Alexander’s victory in the primary.[11]
Candidates
- Lamar Alexander, former U.S. Secretary of Education, former Governor of Tennessee
- Ed Bryant, U.S. Representative
- Mary Taylor-Shelby, perennial candidate
- June Griffin, activist
- Michael Brent Todd
- James E. DuBose
- Christopher G. Fenner
Results
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Lamar Alexander | 295,052 | 53.79% | |
| Republican | Ed Bryant | 233,678 | 42.60% | |
| Republican | Mary Taylor-Shelby | 5,589 | 1.02% | |
| Republican | June Griffin | 4,930 | 0.90% | |
| Republican | Michael Brent Todd | 4,002 | 0.73% | |
| Republican | James E. DuBose | 3,572 | 0.65% | |
| Republican | Christopher G. Fenner | 1,552 | 0.28% | |
| Republican | Write-ins | 107 | 0.03% | |
| Total votes | 548,482 | 100.00% | ||
Democratic primary
Candidates
- Bob Clement, U.S. Representative and candidate for Governor in 1978
- Gary G. Davis, perennial candidate
- Cher A. Hopkey
- Michael L. Hampstead
- Alvin M. Strauss
Results
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Democratic | Bob Clement | 418,172 | 82.18% | |
| Democratic | Gary G. Davis | 50,563 | 9.94% | |
| Democratic | Cher A. Hopkey | 14,481 | 2.85% | |
| Democratic | Michael L. Hampstead | 12,940 | 2.54% | |
| Democratic | Alvin M. Strauss | 12,241 | 2.41% | |
| Democratic | Write-ins | 478 | 0.08% | |
| Total votes | 508,875 | 100.00% | ||
General election
Debates
- Complete video of debate, September 30, 2002
- Complete video of debate, October 6, 2002
- Complete video of debate, October 13, 2002
- Complete video of debate, October 20, 2002
Predictions
| Source | Ranking | As of |
|---|---|---|
| Sabato's Crystal Ball[14] | Likely R | November 4, 2002 |
Polling
| Poll source | Date(s) administered |
Sample size[a] |
Margin of error |
Lamar Alexander (R) |
Bob Clement (D) |
Other / Undecided |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SurveyUSA[15] | October 26–28, 2002 | 726 (LV) | ± 3.8% | 52% | 41% | 7% |
In a September poll from the Knoxville News Sentinel, Alexander was up 45% to 27%. In a DNSC poll during the same month, Alexander was up 49% to 42%. In a mid October Zogby poll had the governor leading 49% to 36%.[16] A late October WREG-TV poll had Alexander leading 45% to 36%.[17]
Results
| Party | Candidate | Votes | % | ±% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Republican | Lamar Alexander | 891,498 | 54.28% | −7.09% | |
| Democratic | Bob Clement | 728,232 | 44.34% | +7.52% | |
| Independent | John Jay Hooker | 6,401 | 0.39% | N/A | |
| Independent | Wesley M. Baker | 6,106 | 0.37% | N/A | |
| Independent | Connie Gammon | 5,349 | 0.33% | N/A | |
| Independent | Karl Stanley Davidson | 2,217 | 0.13% | N/A | |
| Independent | Basil Marceaux | 1,170 | 0.07% | N/A | |
| Write-ins | 356 | 0.02% | N/A | ||
| Majority | 163,266 | 9.94% | −14.61% | ||
| Turnout | 1,642,432 | 50.40% | |||
| Republican hold | Swing | ||||
By county
| County[19] | Lamar Alexander Republican |
Bob Clement Democratic |
John Jay Hooker
Independent |
Wesley Baker
Independent |
Others
Independent |
Total
votes | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | # | % | ||
| Anderson | 12,700 | 55.2% | 9,957 | 43.3% | 101 | 0.4% | 105 | 0.5% | 136 | 0.6% | 22,999 |
| Bedford | 4,898 | 49.1% | 4,918 | 49.3% | 58 | 0.6% | 56 | 0.6% | 46 | 0.5% | 9,976 |
| Benton | 2,030 | 35.8% | 3,530 | 62.3% | 27 | 0.5% | 23 | 0.4% | 54 | 1.0% | 5,664 |
| Bledsoe | 1,934 | 53.9% | 1,603 | 44.6% | 6 | 0.2% | 19 | 0.5% | 29 | 0.8% | 3,591 |
| Blount | 21,061 | 63.9% | 11,471 | 34.8% | 105 | 0.3% | 130 | 0.4% | 176 | 0.5% | 32,943 |
| Bradley | 16,489 | 69.7% | 6,782 | 28.7% | 104 | 0.4% | 96 | 0.4% | 196 | 0.8% | 23,667 |
| Campbell | 4,392 | 48.6% | 4,527 | 50.1% | 31 | 0.3% | 25 | 0.3% | 61 | 0.7% | 9,036 |
| Cannon | 1,671 | 41.4% | 2,292 | 56.8% | 23 | 0.6% | 20 | 0.5% | 27 | 0.7% | 4,033 |
| Carroll | 4,540 | 49.1% | 4,518 | 48.9% | 42 | 0.5% | 72 | 0.8% | 66 | 0.7% | 9,238 |
| Carter | 10,798 | 68.7% | 4,542 | 28.9% | 63 | 0.4% | 123 | 0.8% | 185 | 1.2% | 15,711 |
| Cheatham | 5,647 | 51.4% | 5,209 | 47.4% | 43 | 0.4% | 31 | 0.3% | 50 | 0.5% | 10,980 |
| Chester | 2,518 | 57.5% | 1,809 | 41.3% | 11 | 0.3% | 20 | 0.5% | 21 | 0.5% | 4,379 |
| Claiborne | 3,666 | 53.4% | 3,045 | 44.4% | 33 | 0.5% | 50 | 0.7% | 65 | 0.9% | 6,859 |
| Clay | 1,004 | 43.2% | 1,277 | 54.9% | 19 | 0.8% | 14 | 0.6% | 11 | 0.5% | 2,325 |
| Cocke | 4,859 | 58.1% | 3,298 | 39.5% | 53 | 0.6% | 63 | 0.8% | 83 | 1.0% | 8,356 |
| Coffee | 7,541 | 50.1% | 7,322 | 48.7% | 57 | 0.4% | 37 | 0.2% | 80 | 0.5% | 15,037 |
| Crockett | 2,071 | 48.0% | 2,171 | 50.3% | 25 | 0.6% | 16 | 0.4% | 35 | 0.8% | 4,318 |
| Cumberland | 9,942 | 58.8% | 6,714 | 39.7% | 51 | 0.3% | 77 | 0.5% | 117 | 0.7% | 16,901 |
| Davidson | 70,974 | 42.9% | 92,994 | 56.2% | 692 | 0.4% | 261 | 0.2% | 680 | 0.4% | 165,601 |
| Decatur | 1,802 | 43.5% | 2,258 | 54.5% | 21 | 0.5% | 17 | 0.4% | 42 | 1.0% | 4,140 |
| DeKalb | 1,973 | 40.1% | 2,869 | 58.3% | 29 | 0.6% | 18 | 0.4% | 29 | 0.6% | 4,918 |
| Dickson | 5,910 | 43.0% | 7,731 | 56.2% | 47 | 0.3% | 23 | 0.2% | 47 | 0.3% | 13,758 |
| Dyer | 5,475 | 53.2% | 4,610 | 44.8% | 57 | 0.6% | 44 | 0.4% | 113 | 1.1% | 10,299 |
| Fayette | 5,744 | 60.7% | 3,589 | 37.9% | 15 | 0.2% | 64 | 0.7% | 50 | 0.5% | 9,462 |
| Fentress | 2,653 | 54.6% | 2,131 | 43.9% | 20 | 0.4% | 14 | 0.3% | 38 | 0.8% | 4,856 |
| Franklin | 5,499 | 47.1% | 5,994 | 51.3% | 54 | 0.5% | 40 | 0.3% | 96 | 0.8% | 11,683 |
| Gibson | 7,326 | 50.2% | 6,947 | 47.6% | 89 | 0.6% | 106 | 0.7% | 128 | 0.9% | 14,596 |
| Giles | 3,559 | 46.3% | 3,941 | 51.3% | 59 | 0.8% | 42 | 0.5% | 81 | 1.1% | 7,682 |
| Grainger | 3,085 | 58.6% | 2,102 | 39.9% | 21 | 0.4% | 21 | 0.4% | 36 | 0.7% | 5,265 |
| Greene | 10,414 | 65.6% | 5,131 | 32.3% | 73 | 0.5% | 119 | 0.7% | 142 | 0.9% | 15,879 |
| Grundy | 1,220 | 33.0% | 2,439 | 65.9% | 9 | 0.2% | 17 | 0.5% | 16 | 0.4% | 3,701 |
| Hamblen | 10,115 | 61.6% | 6,058 | 36.9% | 54 | 0.3% | 85 | 0.5% | 115 | 0.7% | 16,427 |
| Hamilton | 53,070 | 60.6% | 33,433 | 38.2% | 220 | 0.3% | 224 | 0.3% | 569 | 0.7% | 87,516 |
| Hancock | 1,180 | 62.7% | 666 | 35.4% | 7 | 0.4% | 13 | 0.7% | 16 | 0.9% | 1,882 |
| Hardeman | 3,002 | 46.9% | 3,266 | 51.0% | 36 | 0.6% | 49 | 0.8% | 47 | 0.7% | 6,400 |
| Hardin | 3,895 | 52.5% | 3,425 | 46.2% | 23 | 0.3% | 22 | 0.3% | 51 | 0.7% | 7,416 |
| Hawkins | 8,658 | 62.6% | 4,893 | 35.4% | 61 | 0.4% | 97 | 0.7% | 124 | 0.9% | 13,833 |
| Haywood | 2,274 | 43.2% | 2,929 | 55.6% | 25 | 0.5% | 16 | 0.3% | 24 | 0.5% | 5,268 |
| Henderson | 4,096 | 57.7% | 2,858 | 40.3% | 45 | 0.6% | 32 | 0.5% | 68 | 1.0% | 7,099 |
| Henry | 4,097 | 43.0% | 5,263 | 55.2% | 43 | 0.5% | 48 | 0.5% | 86 | 0.9% | 9,537 |
| Hickman | 2,560 | 39.2% | 3,885 | 59.5% | 23 | 0.4% | 22 | 0.3% | 40 | 0.6% | 6,530 |
| Houston | 763 | 29.4% | 1,794 | 69.1% | 14 | 0.5% | 10 | 0.4% | 14 | 0.5% | 2,595 |
| Humphreys | 2,073 | 34.3% | 3,891 | 64.5% | 24 | 0.4% | 19 | 0.3% | 28 | 0.5% | 6,035 |
| Jackson | 1,133 | 33.0% | 2,247 | 65.5% | 17 | 0.5% | 19 | 0.6% | 16 | 0.5% | 3,432 |
| Jefferson | 7,266 | 61.7% | 4,269 | 36.3% | 56 | 0.5% | 82 | 0.7% | 98 | 0.8% | 11,771 |
| Johnson | 3,101 | 70.3% | 1,227 | 27.8% | 23 | 0.5% | 29 | 0.7% | 34 | 0.8% | 4,414 |
| Knox | 70,793 | 61.8% | 42,106 | 36.8% | 367 | 0.3% | 568 | 0.5% | 690 | 0.6% | 114,524 |
| Lake | 506 | 38.4% | 778 | 59.0% | 14 | 1.1% | 8 | 0.6% | 13 | 1.0% | 1,319 |
| Lauderdale | 2,904 | 44.7% | 3,456 | 53.2% | 49 | 0.8% | 35 | 0.5% | 47 | 0.7% | 6,491 |
| Lawrence | 6,381 | 53.5% | 5,380 | 45.1% | 41 | 0.3% | 54 | 0.5% | 60 | 0.5% | 11,916 |
| Lewis | 1,730 | 44.6% | 2,073 | 53.4% | 22 | 0.6% | 15 | 0.4% | 39 | 1.0% | 3,879 |
| Lincoln | 4,523 | 52.2% | 3,967 | 45.8% | 48 | 0.6% | 35 | 0.4% | 86 | 1.0% | 8,659 |
| Loudon | 9,398 | 66.1% | 4,668 | 32.8% | 31 | 0.2% | 33 | 0.2% | 89 | 0.6% | 14,219 |
| Macon | 2,476 | 48.9% | 2,495 | 49.3% | 33 | 0.7% | 27 | 0.5% | 29 | 0.6% | 5,060 |
| Madison | 15,640 | 56.1% | 11,879 | 42.6% | 99 | 0.4% | 97 | 0.3% | 149 | 0.5% | 27,864 |
| Marion | 3,640 | 45.2% | 4,281 | 53.2% | 38 | 0.5% | 35 | 0.4% | 53 | 0.7% | 8,047 |
| Marshall | 3,355 | 44.9% | 3,971 | 53.2% | 47 | 0.6% | 34 | 0.5% | 62 | 0.8% | 7,469 |
| Maury | 10,240 | 49.8% | 10,053 | 48.9% | 87 | 0.4% | 55 | 0.3% | 131 | 0.6% | 20,566 |
| McMinn | 8,410 | 61.5% | 4,989 | 36.5% | 63 | 0.5% | 89 | 0.7% | 115 | 0.8% | 13,666 |
| McNairy | 3,954 | 52.0% | 3,533 | 46.5% | 29 | 0.4% | 32 | 0.4% | 53 | 0.7% | 7,601 |
| Meigs | 1,541 | 54.9% | 1,210 | 43.1% | 12 | 0.4% | 16 | 0.6% | 26 | 0.9% | 2,805 |
| Monroe | 6,469 | 58.8% | 4,396 | 39.9% | 37 | 0.3% | 42 | 0.4% | 65 | 0.6% | 11,009 |
| Montgomery | 15,824 | 49.6% | 15,645 | 49.0% | 114 | 0.4% | 135 | 0.4% | 183 | 0.6% | 31,901 |
| Moore | 1,031 | 50.7% | 984 | 48.4% | 7 | 0.3% | 4 | 0.2% | 8 | 0.4% | 2,034 |
| Morgan | 2,575 | 47.5% | 2,811 | 51.9% | 9 | 0.2% | 5 | 0.1% | 21 | 0.4% | 5,421 |
| Obion | 4,593 | 45.4% | 5,319 | 52.6% | 48 | 0.5% | 42 | 0.4% | 106 | 1.0% | 10,108 |
| Overton | 2,071 | 36.3% | 3,565 | 62.4% | 24 | 0.4% | 20 | 0.4% | 32 | 0.6% | 5,712 |
| Perry | 857 | 39.1% | 1,273 | 58.1% | 15 | 0.7% | 19 | 0.9% | 26 | 1.2% | 2,190 |
| Pickett | 1,162 | 57.2% | 844 | 41.5% | 11 | 0.5% | 6 | 0.3% | 9 | 0.4% | 2,032 |
| Polk | 2,259 | 49.7% | 2,215 | 48.7% | 20 | 0.4% | 13 | 0.3% | 39 | 0.9% | 4,546 |
| Putnam | 9,340 | 50.4% | 8,829 | 47.7% | 105 | 0.6% | 97 | 0.5% | 145 | 0.8% | 18,516 |
| Rhea | 5,115 | 65.9% | 2,561 | 33.0% | 14 | 0.2% | 34 | 0.4% | 43 | 0.6% | 7,767 |
| Roane | 9,693 | 55.7% | 7,445 | 42.8% | 68 | 0.4% | 82 | 0.5% | 111 | 0.6% | 17,399 |
| Robertson | 7,948 | 46.1% | 9,110 | 52.8% | 44 | 0.3% | 50 | 0.3% | 102 | 0.6% | 17,254 |
| Rutherford | 29,018 | 56.7% | 21,613 | 42.2% | 202 | 0.4% | 96 | 0.2% | 250 | 0.5% | 51,179 |
| Scott | 2,414 | 51.3% | 2,202 | 46.8% | 20 | 0.4% | 34 | 0.7% | 33 | 0.7% | 4,703 |
| Sequatchie | 1,765 | 48.5% | 1,826 | 50.2% | 10 | 0.3% | 13 | 0.4% | 26 | 0.7% | 3,640 |
| Sevier | 13,979 | 68.3% | 6,223 | 30.4% | 58 | 0.3% | 70 | 0.3% | 129 | 0.6% | 20,459 |
| Shelby | 117,929 | 49.5% | 117,629 | 49.3% | 971 | 0.4% | 622 | 0.3% | 1,251 | 0.5% | 238,402 |
| Smith | 2,137 | 37.1% | 3,555 | 61.7% | 22 | 0.4% | 16 | 0.3% | 29 | 0.5% | 5,759 |
| Stewart | 1,317 | 34.3% | 2,436 | 63.5% | 29 | 0.8% | 10 | 0.3% | 45 | 1.2% | 3,837 |
| Sullivan | 28,495 | 67.7% | 12,872 | 30.6% | 123 | 0.3% | 247 | 0.6% | 384 | 0.9% | 42,121 |
| Sumner | 23,638 | 56.6% | 17,650 | 42.3% | 137 | 0.3% | 123 | 0.3% | 212 | 0.5% | 41,760 |
| Tipton | 8,821 | 64.1% | 4,678 | 34.0% | 65 | 0.5% | 72 | 0.5% | 120 | 0.9% | 13,756 |
| Trousdale | 786 | 34.5% | 1,461 | 64.2% | 7 | 0.3% | 9 | 0.4% | 12 | 0.5% | 2,275 |
| Unicoi | 3,189 | 69.1% | 1,335 | 28.9% | 13 | 0.3% | 31 | 0.7% | 49 | 1.1% | 4,617 |
| Union | 2,413 | 54.3% | 1,984 | 44.6% | 15 | 0.3% | 14 | 0.3% | 20 | 0.4% | 4,446 |
| Van Buren | 673 | 38.2% | 1,063 | 60.4% | 9 | 0.5% | 6 | 0.3% | 9 | 0.5% | 1,760 |
| Warren | 5,219 | 44.1% | 6,414 | 54.1% | 69 | 0.6% | 57 | 0.5% | 87 | 0.7% | 11,846 |
| Washington | 20,195 | 67.9% | 8,994 | 30.3% | 100 | 0.3% | 180 | 0.6% | 256 | 0.9% | 29,725 |
| Wayne | 2,421 | 61.2% | 1,486 | 37.6% | 10 | 0.3% | 20 | 0.5% | 16 | 0.4% | 3,953 |
| Weakley | 5,138 | 47.7% | 5,434 | 50.4% | 54 | 0.5% | 63 | 0.6% | 87 | 0.8% | 10,776 |
| White | 3,373 | 45.9% | 3,831 | 52.2% | 36 | 0.5% | 38 | 0.5% | 63 | 0.9% | 7,341 |
| Williamson | 36,272 | 70.2% | 15,044 | 29.1% | 134 | 0.3% | 73 | 0.1% | 146 | 0.3% | 51,669 |
| Wilson | 17,122 | 56.3% | 12,904 | 42.4% | 118 | 0.4% | 99 | 0.3% | 172 | 0.6% | 30,415 |
| Total[20] | 891,420 | 54.3% | 728,295 | 44.3% | 6,407 | 0.4% | 6,105 | 0.4% | 10,205 | 0.6% | 1,642,432 |
Counties that flipped from Republican to Democratic
- Bedford (Largest city: Shelbyville)
- Campbell (Largest city: LaFollette)
- Cannon (Largest town: Woodbury)
- Clay (Largest city: Celina)
- Crockett (Largest city: Bells)
- Davidson (Largest city: Nashville)
- Dickson (Largest city: Dickson)
- Franklin (Largest city: Winchester)
- Giles (Largest city: Pulaski)
- Henry (Largest city: Paris)
- Lewis (Largest city: Hohenwald)
- Macon (Largest city: Lafayette)
- Marion (Largest town: Jasper)
- Marshall (Largest city: Lewisburg)
- Morgan (Largest community: Coalfield)
- Obion (Largest city: Union City)
- Robertson (Largest city: Springfield)
- Sequatchie (Largest city: Dunlap)
- Stewart (Largest city: Dover)
- Warren (Largest city: McMinnville)
- Weakley (Largest city: Martin)
- White (Largest city: Sparta)
See also
Notes
- ^ Key:
A – all adults
RV – registered voters
LV – likely voters
V – unclear
References
- ^ "Tennessee Voter Turnout in 2002". Tennessee Secretary of State. November 5, 2002. Retrieved February 28, 2023.
- ^ "Government Publishing Office (Official Congressional Directory" (PDF).
- ^ "Tennessee battleground state for control of U.S. Senate, says Vanderbilt professor". Vanderbilt University News. Vanderbilt University. June 28, 2002. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
- ^ "Tennessee battleground state for control of U.S. Senate, says Vanderbilt professor". Vanderbilt University News. Vanderbilt University. June 28, 2002. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
- ^ http://0-infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated5&p_action=doc&p_docid=0F619F2C1D75492C&p_docnum=4&p_queryname=15
- ^ "Tennessee battleground state for control of U.S. Senate, says Vanderbilt professor". Vanderbilt University News. Vanderbilt University. June 28, 2002. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
- ^ http://0-infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated5&p_action=doc&p_docid=0F3F35A6FADD62C1&p_docnum=2&p_queryname=15
- ^ http://0-infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated5&p_action=doc&p_docid=0F6B623AA37922AC&p_docnum=6&p_queryname=18
- ^ http://0-infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated5&p_action=doc&p_docid=0F71FA86E46BE3D8&p_docnum=16&p_queryname=18
- ^ "Tennessee battleground state for control of U.S. Senate, says Vanderbilt professor". Vanderbilt University News. Vanderbilt University. June 28, 2002. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
- ^ "Tennessee battleground state for control of U.S. Senate, says Vanderbilt professor". Vanderbilt University News. Vanderbilt University. June 28, 2002. Retrieved February 1, 2026.
- ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 13, 2011. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on July 13, 2011. Retrieved June 3, 2011.
{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Senate Races". www.centerforpolitics.org. November 4, 2002. Archived from the original on November 18, 2002. Retrieved June 25, 2021.
- ^ SurveyUSA
- ^ http://0-infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated5&p_action=doc&p_docid=110FA9E198336770&p_docnum=14&p_queryname=18
- ^ http://0-infoweb.newsbank.com/iw-search/we/InfoWeb?p_product=NewsBank&p_theme=aggregated5&p_action=doc&p_docid=0F75BDFE8D07F58E&p_docnum=4&p_queryname=18
- ^ "Office of the Clerk, U.S. House of Representatives".
- ^ "United States Senate" (PDF). Tennessee Secretary of State. November 5, 2002.
- ^ The Tennessee Secretary of State reported slightly different vote totals than the Clerk of the U.S. House of Representatives, which is the primary source used here. While overall vote totals the same, minor differences exist between the two sources in how votes are attributed to individual candidates. These discrepancies are small and do not affect the outcome in any county.
External links
Official campaign websites (archived)