Toxopidae
| Toxopidae | |
|---|---|
| Toxopsoides huttoni in New Zealand | |
| Myro kerguelenensis | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Arthropoda |
| Subphylum: | Chelicerata |
| Class: | Arachnida |
| Order: | Araneae |
| Infraorder: | Araneomorphae |
| Family: | Toxopidae Hickman, 1940[1] |
| Diversity | |
| 14 genera, 82 species | |
| blue: reported countries (WSC) green: observation hotspots (iNaturalist) | |
Toxopidae is a small family of araneomorph spiders, first described in 1940.[2] For many years it was sunk into Desidae as a subfamily, although doubts were expressed as to whether this was correct.[3] A large-scale molecular phylogenetic study in 2016 led to the family being revived.[4]
Genera
As of January 2026, this family includes fourteen genera and 82 species:[1]
- Gasparia Marples, 1956 – New Zealand
- Gohia Dalmas, 1917 – New Zealand
- Hapona Forster, 1970 – New Zealand
- Hulua Forster & Wilton, 1973 – New Zealand
- Jamara Davies, 1995 – Australia
- Laestrygones Urquhart, 1894 – Australia, New Zealand
- Lamina Forster, 1970 – New Zealand
- Midgee Davies, 1995 – Australia
- Myro O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1876 – Australia, New Zealand, Crozet Islands, Kerguelen Islands, Macquarie Islands, Marion Islands
- Neomyro Forster & Wilton, 1973 – New Zealand
- Ommatauxesis Simon, 1903 – Australia
- Otagoa Forster, 1970 – New Zealand
- Toxops Hickman, 1940 – Australia
- Toxopsoides Forster & Wilton, 1973 – Australia, New Zealand
References
- ^ a b "Family Toxopidae Hickman, 1940". World Spider Catalog. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2026-01-18.
- ^ Hickman, V. V. (1940). The Toxopidae, a new family of spiders. Papers and Proceedings of the Royal Society of Tasmania. Vol. 1939. pp. 125–130.
- ^ Jocqué, R. (1994). "Halidae, a new spider family from Madagascar (Araneae)". Bulletin of the British Arachnological Society. 9: 281–289.
- ^ Wheeler, Ward C.; Coddington, Jonathan A.; Crowley, Louise M.; Dimitrov, Dimitar; Goloboff, Pablo A.; Griswold, Charles E.; Hormiga, Gustavo; Prendini, Lorenzo; Ramírez, Martín J.; Sierwald, Petra; Almeida-Silva, Lina; Alvarez-Padilla, Fernando; Arnedo, Miquel A.; Benavides Silva, Ligia R.; Benjamin, Suresh P.; Bond, Jason E.; Grismado, Cristian J.; Hasan, Emile; Hedin, Marshal; Izquierdo, Matías A.; Labarque, Facundo M.; Ledford, Joel; Lopardo, Lara; Maddison, Wayne P.; Miller, Jeremy A.; Piacentini, Luis N.; Platnick, Norman I.; Polotow, Daniele; Silva-Dávila, Diana; Scharff, Nikolaj; Szűts, Tamás; Ubick, Darrell; Vink, Cor J.; Wood, Hannah M. & Zhang, Junxia (2016), "The spider tree of life: phylogeny of Araneae based on target-gene analyses from an extensive taxon sampling", Cladistics, 33 (6): 574–616, doi:10.1111/cla.12182, PMID 34724759, S2CID 35535038
External links