Yoruba cuisine

Yoruba cuisine refers to the numerous and diverse foods of the Yoruba people of Yorubaland (Yoruba native regions of West Africa).^[1] Some notable Yoruba food includes Ọ̀fadà, Àsáró, Mọ́í Mọ́í, Ẹ̀gúsí soup, Àbùlà, Àkàrà, Ilá Alásèpọ̀, Boli, Ogi and Ẹ̀fọ́ rírò with Òkèlè. Yoruba cuisine has gained global acclaim outside of Africa with restaurant chains selling Yoruba food. Also on the global front are the fine dining Yoruba-inspired Michelin star restaurants like Akoko, Chisuru and Ikoyi in London that also serve Yoruba dishes.^{[2][3][4][5][6]} Yoruba food have also ranked among top best African food on TasteAtlas, including dishes like Ẹfọ riro, Ẹba, Moi moi, Jollof rice, Egusi, Asun, amongst others.^[7]

Some Yoruba dishes:^{[8][9][10][11]}

• Egusi: An obe (stewed or soup dish) made from egusi seeds, vegetables and other ingredients
• Akara: A fried bean cake
• Akara elepo, Akara kengbe, Akara osu, Akara koko: Palm oil style Akara
• Moimoi / Olele: A steamed bean pudding
• Moinmoin elepo: Palm oil moi moi
• Moi Moi Elemi Meji: Type of moi moi
• Ogi (also known as Eko mimu): A custard like dish made from corn, millet or sorghum
• Ogi baba: brown ogi made from millet or sorghum or oka baba
• Boli: Grilled or roasted plantians
• Eko (also known as Àgìdí): A solid Jello like pudding made from corn, millet or sorghum
• Ekuru / Ofuloju: A corn based dish
• Gizdodo: Dodo (fried plantains) and gizzard meal
• Ikokore/Ifokore: A water yam pottage
• Adalu: A beans and corn pottage
• Ofada: Made from local rice blend eaten with ayamase or red lafenwa sauce
• Isu ati eyin: Yam and egg (usually fried egg or scrambled with peppers, tomatoes and spices)
• Isu ati obe dindin: Boiled yam and stew
• Iresi Eyin: Palm oil one pot rice
• Iresi ati obe ata dindin: White rice and tomato-pepper based stew
• Ayamase: Special stew that can be eaten with ofada rice
• Ewagoyin: beans and spicy agoyin sauce that can be eaten with yam, bread or plaintain
• Ewedu: A vegetable soup
• Shoko: A vegetable dish
• Okele (Iyan, Eba, Lafun, Amala/Oka, Fufu, Pupuru, etc.): Category of morsel foods called swallows im pidgin
• Ila alasepo: A mixed seafood okro
• Dodoikire: A candied dish made from ripe plantain, palm oil and pepper
• Egbo ati Ewa
• Gbure oloboro
• Kokoro: Fried snack made from corn and has two types
• Guguru ati epa
• Adun: A corn snack
• Mosa (Plantain Mosa and Corn Mosa): Fried snacks similar to puff puff but with plantain, corn or other ingredients
• Jollof: One pot spiced rice dish
• Asun: Goat meat barbecue dish
• Ipekere: Plaintain chips
• Dun Dun Oniyeri: Yam coated in an egg batter and deep fried
• Warakasi: Milk curds or cheese
• Sisi pelebe: Peanut snack
• Fried rice (Iresi dindin)
• Baba dudu: Coconut candy
• Obe iru: Iru-flavored stew, obe ata variants
• Dodo
• Ekusu/Sapala
• Abula: Amala with Gbegiri and ewedu and obe ata
• Apon: A melon-seed soup made from oro also known as ogbono/ogbolo
• Egusi ijebu: A plain style of egusi made with no vegetables
• Akara Egusi: Fried Egusi dough ball
• Gurundi: A candied snack
• Agege bread
• Iresi agbon: Coconut rice
• Gure: Vegetable stew
• Obe eja dindin: Fried fish stew
• Marugbo ati pupuru
• Ebiripo
• Dundun: Fried yam dish
• Buka stew: An obe ata variant
• Jollof spag: Single-pot spaghetti dish
• Agbado sisun: Roasted corn
• Igbin dindin: Fried snail
• Peppered snail
• Zobo: A roselle drink
• Gbegiri: bean soup
• Robo: peanut or melon-seed cake snack, usually ball-shaped
• Emu: Palm wine
• Ila ati obe dindin: Okro and fried stew (distinct from the one-pot-style ila alasepo)
• Garri: Cassava granules
• Egg sauce
• Chapman: A non-alcoholic drink, sold as a mix as well as different brands
• Buns: Deep-fried dry dough ball
• Agbado ati agbon: Corn and coconut dish
• Eyin Awo
• Isun sisun
• Tinko
• Esunsun
• Eekana gowon
• Ewedu Elegusi
• Ewa Pakure
• Efo Elegusi
• Balewa
• Bugan
• Alapa / Jogi
• Ishapa
• Kundi
• Ojojo
• Ponmo alata
• Beske
• Abari
• Isu ati epo pupa
• Pafun
• Pekere
• Ila ati Obe ata
• Puff Puff
• Igbin Pelu Obe ata
• Anama / Odukun
• Ofada sauce
• Obe adiye
• Ilasa
• Esuru
• Eko Ada
• Jaloke/jaaloke
• Lapata / ipakere
• Obe ila funfun
• Luru
• Orunla
• Imoyo
• Efo ( Soko, gbagba, Ebolo, Yanrin, Odu, Worowo, Tete, Gure, Ajefawo, Iyanaipaja)
• Yoyo : Deep fried small white fish
• Obe Eyin : Palm oil stew

Food with Foreign roots now also made with distinct Yoruba style in Yorubaland. This is different from foreign food found in Yoruba regions, made as it is as it would in its native homelands.

Yoruba style:

• Small chops (Yoruba style samosas and spring rolls).
• Meat pie / Mince pie.
• Egg roll.
• Samosa.
• Doughnuts.
• Sausage rolls.
• Fish roll.
• Fish pie.
• Spring roll.
• Chicken pie.
• Shawarma.
• Scotch egg.
• Different pastries and cakes.
• Salads and coleslaws.
• Stir fried noodles.
• Stir fried spaghetti.

Yoruba breakfast consists of a myriad of choice. Some food are more common for breakfast, lunch and dinner but it is also flexible to eat those meals at other times of the day as well if preferred. Typically breakfast can be different types of rice dishes, or Soups (obe) with "swallow" (Okele). Foods like Akara and Moi Moi can also be had. Some common Yoruba breakfasts include:

• Akara and Bugan (bread) with tea: Akara is a fried bean cake, it can be eaten alongside bread with tea sometimes included in the meal.
• Ogi with Moi Moi: Ogi is a custard like dish, Moi Moi is a steamed bean pudding that.
• Ofada: A rice dish made with native spotted rice eaten with either Ayamase sauce or Ofada sauce with meat or fish and/or egg. Dodo (fried plantains) can be added.
• Iresi ati Obe ata: Rice and a type of tomato-pepper spiced stew eaten alongside meat (beef, goat meat, chicken, turkey), egg or fish.
• Ila-alasepo ati Eba: An okro soup dish with Eba (a cassava garri based Okele).
• Isu ati Eyin din din: Yam and egg sauce.

Lunch has a diverse range of dishes just like breakfast. Some popular lunch dishes include:

• Obe Egusi and Iyan: Egusi soup and pounded yam with assorted meat (Eran) or fish.
• Ewagoyin and agege bread: A spiced mashed beans with agoyin sauce with agege bread.
• Jollof: Jollof rice with meat, fish, egg and salad or coleslaw with moi moi and dodo (fried plantains).
• Fried rice: A local style fried rice with the same side options as the above.
• Asaro: Yam porridge.

Like the above previous meals of the day, dinner is filled with variety of choices. Some examples of popular dinner meals include:

• Abula (Ewedu, Gbegiri, obe ata and Amala with meat and or fish): A mixed soup dish with different sauces and Amala.
• Efo riro with Iyan, Eba or Fufu: A spiced vegetable soup with proteins and Okele of choice.
• Obe Apon and Fufu: A nutty draw soup with Fufu (or any okele of choice).
• Iresi Eyin: A spiced palm oil rice.

Some Yoruba snacks and side dishes include:

• Kokoro: A fried crunchy snack made from corn meal.
• Dodo ikire: A "candied" oiled and spiced mashed dodo snack.
• Asun: A spiced Yoruba grilled or smoked meat.
• Mosa (plantain and corn mosa).
• Small chops (small regional trays containing varying items; may include puff puff, buns, mosa, samosa, spring rolls, fish rolls, sausage rolls)
• Gurundi: Baked coconut snack.
• Shukshuk: Coconut candy.
• Sisi pelebe: Candied pounded groundnut candy.
• Baba dudu
• Coconut candy, pan-fried.
• Coconut flakes.
• Coconut clusters: Sugary coconut candy.
• Ipekere: Plantain chips.
• Pekere: Corn snack.
• Beske: Fried soymilk curds.
• Wara-kasi: Milk curds.
• Chin chin flakes: Fried or baked snack made with flour, sugar, egg, flavoring and other ingredients.
• Candied peanuts, pan-cooked.
• Balewa: A hard candy sweet.
• Eekana gowon: A candy.
• Aadun.
• Dundun: Fried yams.
• Dundun oniyeri/Yamarita: An egg-batter-coated deep-fried yam.
• Robo: Round snack made from melon seeds and groundnut^[12]
• Tanfiri: Round snack made from corn meal, groundnut and spices ^[13][14]
• Eja yoyo - Small white battered fish.
• Eja din din - Battered fried fish.
• Meat pies.
• Rolls.

Some rice dishes include ofada rice with ayamase or ofada stew, white rice and stew (Obe ata), Owanbe jollof rice, fried rice, coconut rice, Iresi eyin (palm oil rice), rice and beans amongst others. These are eaten at home, in restaurants at cultural events and as street food.

Popular yam dishes include yam porridge or pottage dishes like Asaro and Ifokore/ikokore. Also dishes where plain yam is eaten with a side : yam and stew (obe ata), yam and egg (stewed or scrambled egg), yam and beans (beans dishes like ewa agoyin or ewa riro), yam and vegetable sauce. Yam dishes also include fritters like Ojojo. Yam is eaten in okele form with stews and sauces as Iyan and poundo. Yam is also fried to make dishes like Dundun and Dundun oniyeri. Dishes made from cocoyam include Ebiropo amd cocoyam chips.

Okele are starchy balls eaten in Yorubaland. They are also referred to as swallows. They don't have to be swallowed however or chewed as it is a preference. Okele include Fufu, Eba, Amala, Iyan, Lafun, and Semo.

Soups are a staple of Yoruba culture. Some of these soups are what will be considered stews in the English language due to texture but are categorised as soups due to it being eaten with okele. Soups are eaten with okele. Soups are called Obe. Some soups include Egusi, Eforiro, Efo, Ewedu, Gbegiri, Marugbo, Apon, Ila, Ila- alasepo, Ilasa.

Yoruba cuisine offers a rich variety of stews, eaten mainly with rice dishes but sometimes with yam, potatoes, bread or bean dishes. These stews are usually made with a tomato-pepper variants and onion base with spices including garlic, ginger, bay leaf, iru and so on, in a unique frying technique in groundnut oil/peanut oil (òróró) or palm oil (Epo /Epo pupa). Stew in Yoruba is generally called Obe-ata, but its also specifically a kind of common white rice stew. Some stews include: Ọbẹ̀ ata, Ọbẹ̀ ata díndín, Buka stew, Ọ̀fadà sauce, Ayamaṣe, Àgànyìn sauce, Ọbẹ̀ irú, Ọbẹ̀ Adìyẹ, Ọbẹ̀ Ẹja tútù, Ọbẹ̀ Ìmóyò.

Popular drinks in Yorubaland are Zobo (an hibiscus drink) and Kunu ( from Hausa), Ògùrọ̀ and Ẹmu (Palm wine). Tea, chocolate beverages, coffee and malt drinks are also enjoyed. Tea is typically preferred with milk and sugar. Chapman is a drink invented in Yorubaland that is also a common soft drink. Global beverages are also consumed alongside local variants as well.