Wharton Esherick Museum

Wharton Esherick Museum
The Wharton Esherick Museum, 2018.
Interactive map of Wharton Esherick Museum
LocationMalvern, Chester County, Pennsylvania, U.S.
Coordinates40°5′1″N 75°29′36″W / 40.08361°N 75.49333°W / 40.08361; -75.49333
Area12 acres (4.9 ha)
Built1926-1966
ArchitectWharton Esherick, Louis Kahn, Anne Tyng
Architectural stylesArts and Crafts, modernism, expressionism
Visitorsabout 5,500
Wharton Esherick Studio
Wharton Esherick Studio
Location1520 Horseshoe Trail, near Malvern, Tredyffrin Township, Pennsylvania
Area12 acres (4.9 ha)
Built1926–1966
ArchitectWharton Esherick
Architectural styleArts and Crafts, vernacular architecture, expressionism, modernism
NRHP reference No.73001615[1]
Significant dates
Added to NRHPApril 26, 1973[1]
Designated NHLApril 19, 1993[2]

The Wharton Esherick Museum is the home and workshop of Wharton Esherick (1887–1970), an American artist and designer. Though Esherick worked in a wide range of art media, he is best known for his wood furniture, which married modernist sculptural form with functional craft. The Museum is located on the south slope of Valley Forge Mountain in Malvern, Pennsylvania, twenty-five miles northwest of Philadelphia. It is the most fully realized expression of Esherick's vision for integrating art into the spaces of everyday life.[3]

There are four historic structures on the Wharton Esherick Museum site: the Wharton Esherick Studio, where Esherick lived and worked; the 1956 workshop designed with Louis Kahn and Anne Tyng; the 1928 German Expressionist log garage which now serves as the museum visitor center; and Esherick's woodshed. There is also a recent reconstruction of Esherick's 1920s German Expressionist outhouse.

Campus

The Museum has four historic structures that were designed and built by Esherick and his collaborators. The Wharton Esherick Studio (1926–66) is a hand crafted, sculptural building that Esherick created over forty years. the Studio showcases Esherick's broad interests in art and design. The building combines elements of rural, vernacular architecture with modernist sculptural forms and painterly surfaces.[4] The Studio, from its structural forms down to the door handles and light pulls, was designed and built by Wharton Esherick to create a total work of art, or Gesamtkunstwerk. The building is filled with more than 300 of Wharton Esherick's artworks and personal belongings, including sculpture, furniture, paintings and prints.[5]

The Workshop (1955–56), built as an annex to the Studio, was designed by architects Louis Kahn and Anne Tyng in collaboration with Esherick.[6] Other historic buildings at the Museum include Esherick's expressionist log cabin garage (1928) and his woodshed. There is also a replica of an expressionist outhouse that Esherick created, taking his inspiration from the set design for the 1920 horror film, The Cabinet of Dr. Caligari.[7]

The Wharton Esherick Studio has been on the United States National Register of Historic Places since 1973. In 1993, The United States Department of the Interior designated the Wharton Esherick Museum a National Historic Landmark. This latter designation encompasses the Studio, 1956 Workshop, Esherick's garage and woodshed, and remnants of an outhouse.[2][8] The Museum is a member of the Historic Artists' Homes and Studios network of the National Trust for Historic Preservation.

The Wharton Esherick Museum campus also includes the 19th-century farmhouse where Esherick lived with his family, and the Diamond Rock Schoolhouse, which served as Esherick's painting studio during the 1920s. The schoolhouse was acquired by the Wharton Esherick Museum in 2019.

History

Wharton Esherick moved to Valley Forge Mountain in 1913. As newlyweds, he and his wife, Leticia (Letty) Nofer Esherick settled in a farmhouse on the steep, south-facing slope. There, they embraced a back-to-the-land lifestyle. They grew their own food and made their own clothes while raising their three children. The Eshericks' lifestyle was rural, though not entirely off the grid, as their proximity to the Philadelphia Main Line afforded them railway access to urban Philadelphia.[9]

A Philadelphia native, Wharton Esherick had studied painting at the Pennsylvania Museum and School of Industrial Art and the Pennsylvania Academy of the Fine Arts. He initially tried to make a career as an impressionist painter, but pivoted to woodcarving in the early 1920s. By 1926, having moved into sculpture and furniture making, he built himself a new workspace (now known as the Wharton Esherick Studio) that was a short walk uphill from the family home. In the late 1920s and through the 30s, amidst his and Letty's protracted marital separation, Wharton gradually made the Studio his full-time residence. For forty years, he expanded the building, altered its interiors, and erected new buildings alongside it to create the sculptural complex that is now preserved as the Wharton Esherick Museum.[10]

The Wharton Esherick Museum was incorporated as a non-profit corporation in 1971, it opened for visitors in 1972, and in 1973 was listed on the National Register of Historic Places.[11] The 1956 Workshop was a private home from 1973 to 2020. It now serves as staff offices and is open to the public on a limited basis through special events and tours. In 1993, the Museum converted Esherick's expressionist log cabin garage into a visitor center. The visitor center includes a small gallery space where the Museum presents exhibitions showcasing its historic collections as well as the works of contemporary artists, designers, and craftspeople.

  • The Wharton Esherick Studio
  • The 1956 Workshop
  • Expressionst log cabin garage
  • Esherick Studio interior
  • A lecture in the 1956 Workshop

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. July 9, 2010.
  2. ^ a b "Wharton Esherick House & Studio". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on March 16, 2011. Retrieved February 8, 2008.
  3. ^ Gore, Holly; Zilber, Emily (October 1, 2024). "Introduction". The Crafted World of Wharton Esherick (1st ed.). New York: Rizzoli Electa. pp. 27–44. ISBN 9780847836383.
  4. ^ Eisenhauer, Paul (2010). Eisenhaur, Paul; Farrington, Lynne (eds.). Wharton Esherick and the Birth of the American Modern. Atglen, Pennsylvania: Schiffer LTD. p. 139. ISBN 9780764337888.
  5. ^ The Wharton Esherick Museum: Studio and Collection 1977, lists 126 individual pieces.
  6. ^ Marcus, George; Whitaker, William (2013). The Houses of Louis Kahn. New Haven and London: Yale University Press. pp. 51–52. ISBN 9780300171181.
  7. ^ Bascom, Mansfield (2010). Wharton Esherick: The Journey of a Creative Mind. New York: Abrams. p. 88. ISBN 9780810995758.
  8. ^ Carolyn Pitts (October 19, 1992). "National Historic Landmark Nomination: The Wharton Esherick Studio" (pdf). National Park Service. {{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires |journal= (help) and Accompanying 10 photos, 8 of the house's exterior and interior, from 1940, 1974, 1976, 1988, and 2 of the artist in 1933 and 1965. (1.64 MB)
  9. ^ Fanning, Colin (October 1, 2024). "Between Worlds: Wharton Esherick's Rural and Urban Entanglements". The Crafted World of Wharton Esherick. New York: Rizzoli Electa. pp. 123–135. ISBN 9780847836383.
  10. ^ Kahn, Eve (2024). "Free Spirit". Preservation: The Magazine of the National Trust for Historic Preservation (Winter): 21–27.
  11. ^ Gray, Ellen (December 11, 2020). "Wharton Esherick Museum in Malvern gets a $10 million gift out of the blue". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved December 12, 2020.
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