Union Government of Myanmar
| Union Government | |
|---|---|
| Burmese: ပြည်ထောင်စုအစိုးရအဖွဲ့ | |
| Overview | |
| Established | 30 March 2011 (as Union Government) |
| State | Republic of the Union of Myanmar |
| Leader | President of Myanmar (Min Aung Hlaing) |
| Appointed by | Pyidaungsu Hluttaw |
| Ministries | Thirty-one |
| Responsible to | Pyidaungsu Hluttaw |
| Headquarters | Presidential Palace, Naypyidaw |
| Website | Official website |
The Union Government (Burmese: ပြည်ထောင်စုအစိုးရအဖွဲ့), is the executive body of the government of Myanmar led by the president of Myanmar.
The second cabinet of Min Aung Hlaing is the current cabinet.
Qualifications
| Myanmar portal |
The 2008 Constitution of Myanmar stipulates that Union Ministers must be Burmese citizens who have been living in the country for at least ten consecutive years:[1]
- persons who have attained the age of 40 years;
- persons who have qualifications, with the exception of the age limit, prescribed in Section 120 for Pyithu Hluttaw representatives;
- persons whose qualification does not breach the provisions under Section 121 which disqualify a person from standing for election as Pyithu Hluttaw representatives;
- persons loyal to the Union and its citizens
The Commander-in-Chief appoints the Ministers of Defence, Home Affairs and Border Affairs, selecting candidates from within the Defence Services (Tatmadaw), while the President appoints the remainder.[1]
The President also appoints the Deputy Ministers of the respective ministries, following the same qualifications as those for Union Ministers, with the exception of age (35 years, instead of 40).
Historical names and cabinets
| Cabinet name changes | Head of Government | Cabinet | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Period | Cabinet name | Title | Name | Tenure | |
| 1.4.1948 – 29.10.1958 | Union Government | Prime Minister | Nu | 4.1.1948 – 12.6.1956 | |
| Ba Swe | 12.6.1956 – 1.3.1957 | ||||
| Nu | 1.3.1957 – 29.10.1958 | ||||
| 29.10.1958 – 4.4.1960 | Caretaker Government | Ne Win | 29.10.1958 – 4.4.1960 | ||
| 4.4.1960 – 2.3.1962 | Union Government | Nu | 4.4.1960 – 2.3.1962 | ||
| 2.3.1962 – 30.3.1962 | Administrative Government of the Revolutionary Council of the Union of Burma | Chairman | Ne Win | 2.3.1962 – 4.3.1974 | |
| 30.3.1962 – ?.?.1962 | State Revolutionary Government | ||||
| ?.?.1962 – 4.3.1974 | Revolutionary Government of the Union of Burma | ||||
| 4.3.1974 – 18.9.1988 | Council of Ministers | Prime Minister | Sein Win | 4.3.1974 – 29.3.1977 | |
| Maung Maung Kha | 29.3.1977 – 26.7.1988 | ||||
| Tun Tin | 26.7.1988 – 18.9.1988 | ||||
| 20.9.1988 – ?.?.1988 | Administrative Government | Saw Maung | 20.9.1988 – 23.4.1992 | ဦးစောမောင်အစိုးရ | |
| ?.?.1988 – 18.6.1989 | Government of the Union of Burma | ||||
| 18.6.1989 – 30.3.2011 | Government of the Union of Myanmar | ||||
| Than Shwe | 23.4.1992 – 25.8.2003 | ||||
| Khin Nyunt | 25.8.2003 – 18.10.2004 | ||||
| Soe Win | 19.10.2004 – 12.10.2007 | ||||
| Thein Sein | 12.10.2007 – 7.11.2010 | ||||
| (vacant) | 7.11.2010 – 30.3.2011 | ||||
| 30.3.2011 – 19.2.2021 | Union Government | President | Thein Sein | 30.3.2011 – 30.3.2016 | Cabinet of Thein Sein |
| Htin Kyaw | 30.3.2016 – 21.3.2018 | Cabinet of Htin Kyaw | |||
| Acting President | Myint Swe | 21.3.2016 – 30.3.2018 | |||
| President | Win Myint | 30.3.2018 – 1.2.2021 | Cabinet of Win Myint | ||
| ([a]) | Min Aung Hlaing | 1.2.2021 –[b] 19.2.2021 | Military cabinet of Min Aung Hlaing | ||
| 19.2.2021 – 1.8.2021 | Management Committee of the State Administration Council | Chairman[c] | 19.2.2021 – 1.8.2021 | ||
| 1.8.2021 – 11.9.2021 | Provisional Government of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar | Prime Minister | 1.8.2021 – 31.7.2025 | ||
| 11.9.2021 – present | Union Government | ||||
| Nyo Saw | 31.7.2025 – 10.4.2026 | Cabinet of Nyo Saw | |||
| President | Min Aung Hlaing | 10.4.2026 – present | Second Min Aung Hlaing cabinet | ||
Historical titles of ministers
- 1948–1962: Minister for (Ministry)
- 1962–1972: Commissar for (Department)
- 1972–2011: Minister for (Ministry)
- 2011–present: Union Minister for (Ministry)
1995–2006 cabinets
Soe Win's Cabinet
First Cabinet reshuffle (May 2006)
On 15 May 2006 the cabinet was reshuffled. The changes were:[2]
| Ministry | Changes |
|---|---|
| Culture | Major-General Kyi Aung retired Major-General Khin Aung Myint appointed |
| Social Welfare, Relief and Resettlement and Immigration and Population |
Major-General Sein Htwa retired Major-General Maung Maung Swe appointed |
| Hotels and Tourism | Major-General Soe Naing appointed |
| Electric Power | Major-General Tin Htut reassigned Divided into two Ministries |
| Electric Power-1 | Colonel Zaw Min appointed |
| Electric Power-2 | Major-General Khin Maung Myint appointed |
| Cooperative | Colonel Zaw Min reassigned Major-General Tin Htut appointed |
Than Shwe's Cabinet
Second Cabinet reshuffle (September 2002)
On 14 September 2002 a minor cabinet reshuffle was reported:[3]
| Ministry | Changes |
|---|---|
| Information | Major-General Kyi Aung reassigned Brigadier-General Kyaw Hsan appointed |
| Culture | Minister of Labor Tin Win, concurrently Minister of Culture since November 2001, relieved Major-General Kyi Aung appointed |
| Hotels and Tourism | Major-General Saw Lwin dismissed Minister of Communications, Posts and Telegraphs Brigadier-General Thein Zaw assigned concurrently |
| Prime Minister's Office | Major-General Tin Ngwe dismissed |
Second Cabinet (October 1999)
On 30 October 1999, the State Peace and Development Council issued a proclamation replacing Ohn Gyaw with Win Aung, the Burmese ambassador to the United Kingdom.[4]
| Office | Minister |
|---|---|
| Ministry of Sports | Aung Khin |
| Ministry of Commerce | Pyi Son |
| Ministry of Social Welfare | Sein Htwa |
| Ministry of Religious Affairs | Aye Myint |
Second Cabinet (November 1998)
On 14 November 1998, the State Peace and Development Council issued a proclamation replacing Ohn Gyaw with Win Aung, the Burmese ambassador to the United Kingdom.[5][6]
| Office | Predecessor | Successor |
|---|---|---|
| Deputy Prime Minister | Lieutenant General Tin Hla | |
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs | Ohn Gyaw | Win Aung |
| Minister of the Prime Minister's Office | Tin Ngwe | |
| Minister of Transport | Hla Myint Swe | |
| Ministry of Industry-2 |
Second Cabinet (December 1997)
On 21 December 1997, the State Peace and Development Council announced a cabinet reshuffle:[7]
| Office | Minister |
|---|---|
| Office of the Chairman of the SPDC | David Abel |
| Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development | Soe Tha |
| Ministry of Finance | Khin Maung Thein |
| Ministry of Communications, Posts and Telegraphs | |
| Ministry of Finance and Revenue | |
| Ministry of Energy |
Second Cabinet (November 1997)
On 15 November 1997 the State Peace and Development Council issued a proclamation naming the Prime Minister, Deputy Prime Ministers and Ministers in the government. They were:[8]
| Office | Minister |
|---|---|
| Prime Minister | Senior General Than Shwe |
| Deputy Prime Minister | Rear-Admiral Maung Maung Khin |
| Deputy Prime Minister | Lieutenant General Tin Tun |
| Ministry of Defence | Senior General Than Shwe |
| Ministry of Military Affairs | Lieutenant General Tin Hla |
| Ministry of Agriculture and Irrigation | Major General Nyunt Tin |
| Ministry of Industry-1 | U Aung Thaung |
| Ministry of Industry-2 | Major General Hla Myint Swe |
| Ministry of Foreign Affairs | U Ohn Gyaw |
| Ministry of National Planning and Economic Development | Brigadier General David Abel |
| Ministry of Transport | Lieutenant General Tin Ngwe |
| Ministry of Labour | Vice-Admiral Tin Aye |
| Ministry of Co-operatives | U Than Aung |
| Ministry of Rail Transportation | U Win Sein |
| Ministry of Energy | U Khin Maung Thein |
| Ministry of Education | U Pan Aung |
| Ministry of Health | Major General Ket Sein |
| Ministry of Trade & Commerce | Major General Kyaw Than |
| Ministry of Hotels & Tourism | Major General Saw Lwin |
| Ministry of Communications, Posts & Telegraphs | U Soe Tha |
| Ministry of Finance & Revenue | Brigadier-General Win Tin |
| Ministry of Religious Affairs | Major General Sein Htwa |
| Ministry of Construction | Major General Saw Tun |
| Ministry of Science & Technology | U Thaung |
| Ministry of Culture | U Aung San |
| Ministry of Immigration & Population | U Saw Tun |
| Ministry of Information | Major General Kyi Aung |
| Ministry of Progress of Border Areas & National Races and Development Affairs | Colonel Thein Nyunt |
| Ministry of Electric Power | Major General Tin Htut |
| Ministry of Sports | Brigadier-General Sein Win |
| Ministry of Forestry | U Aung Phone |
| Ministry of Home Affairs | Colonel Tin Hlaing |
| Ministry of Mines | Brigadier-General Ohn Myint |
| Ministry of Social Welfare, Relief & Resettlement | Brigadier-General Pyi Sone |
| Ministry of Livestock Breeding & Fisheries | Brigadier-General Maung Maung Thein |
| Office of The Chairman of The State Peace and Development Council | Lieutenant General Min Thein |
| Office of The Chairman of The State Peace and Development Council | Brigadier-General Maung Maung |
| Office of The Prime Minister | Brigadier-General Lun Maung |
| Office of The Prime Minister | U Than Shwe |
| Office of The Prime Minister | Major General Tin Ngwe |
First Cabinet reshuffle (17 June 1995)
On 17 June 1995 the cabinet was reshuffled, increasing the cabinet size and the number of military people with ministerial positions:[9]
| Ministry | Changes |
|---|---|
| Construction | Khin Maung Yin reassigned to Deputy Prime Minister's office Major-General Saw Tun assigned |
| Light industry | Than Shwe reassigned to Prime Minister's office Major-General Kyaw Than assigned |
| Immigration and population | New ministry: Lieutenant-General Maung Hla appointed |
| Information | Brigadier-General Myo Thant reassigned to SLORC Chairman's office Major-General Aye Kyaw assigned |
| Social welfare, relief and resettlement | Major-General Soe Myin assigned |
| SLORC Chairman's office | Lieutenant-General Min Thein assigned as a minister |
The outgoing Minister of Social welfare, relief and resettlement was appointed Minister of Culture, and the Minister of Culture was reassigned to the security management committee.
Notes
- ^ Exercised the power as the Commander-in-Chief of Defence Services without any other special titles on 1.2.2021. Took the Chairmanship of the State Administrative Council on 2.2.2021. Took the Chairmanship (equivalent to prime minister) of the Management Committee (equivalent to cabinet) on 19.2.2021
- ^ The cabinet meeting on 2.2.2021 still used the name "Union Government"
- ^ Chaimanship of the Management Committee. Min Aung Hlaing maintained the Chairman of SAC after the management committee and its chairman had been replaced by the provisional government and the prime minister.
References
- ^ a b "Constitution of the Republic of the Union of Myanmar (2008)" full text in English from Burma Library, last accessed 5 October 2010
- ^ "Myanmar makes first government cabinet reshuffle since move of capital". People's Daily. 16 May 2006. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
- ^ "Myanmar reshuffles cabinet". Xinhua. 14 September 2002. Archived from the original on 31 October 2002. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
- ^ "Cabinet reshuffle in Burma". Reuters. 30 October 1999. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ "Myanmar announces cabinet reshuffle". Reuters. 14 November 1998. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ "Myanmar cabinet changes aim to polish image". Reuters. 15 November 1998. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ "Burma Cabinet Change Aims Govt Image". Reuters. 21 December 1997. Retrieved 11 July 2015.
- ^ "The State Peace and Development Council Proclamation (Proclamation No. 2/97)". 15 November 1997. Archived from the original on 5 March 2012. Retrieved 24 February 2012.
- ^ "SLORC CABINET RESHUFFLES". SOUTH CHINA MORNING POST. 17 June 1995. Retrieved 25 February 2012.