PKS 0137+012

PKS 0137+012
SDSS image of PKS 0137+012.
Observation data (J2000.0 epoch)
ConstellationCetus
Right ascension01h 39m 57.30s[1]
Declination+01° 31′ 46.13″[1]
Redshift0.261680[1]
Heliocentric radial velocity78,450 km/s
Distance3.143 Gly
Apparent magnitude (V)17.07
Apparent magnitude (B)17.12
Characteristics
TypeOpt.var. RLQ[1]
Size~366,000 ly (112.2 kpc) (estimated)[1]
Other designations
4C +01.04, 2MASX J01395752+0131461, PGC 6160, UM 355, PHL 1093, OC +062, TXS 0137+012, NVSS J013957+013151[1]

PKS 0137+012 also known as PHL 1093, is a radio-loud quasar located in the constellation Cetus. The quasar has a redshift of (z) 0.261, meaning it is estimated to be located 3.14 billion light-years away[1] and was first discovered as a discrete source by astronomers in 1968.[2]

Description

PKS 0137+012 is hosted by a large elliptical galaxy, specifically an early-type galaxy based on a two-dimensional modelling technique.[3][4] It is known to have a close companion located 1.0 arcseconds away suggestive of a close interaction.[5]

The estimated stellar population age for this galaxy suggests that it is 1.7 billion years old, and has a supermassive black hole with a mass of 2.2 x 109 Mʘ.[6][7] A bright knot feature is seen west of its nucleus.[7]

The radio source of PKS 0137+012 is compact. Observations of it made in 1978 have shown this source to contain a flat-spectrum radio component at the quasar's position with a steep-spectrum component located at the ending point of an optical jet, making this similar to the radio source structure of 3C 273.[8] A radio map made by the Very Large Array also showed it has a complex radio lobe featuring a curved structure on its north-eastern side caused by precession of its jet.[9][10] Three other components were discovered with one of them being described as the strongest. It has a flux density of 0.801 ± 0.008 at 1125 MHz.[11]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g "NED Search results for PKS 0137+012". NASA/IPAC Extragalactic Database. Retrieved 2025-08-24.
  2. ^ Pauliny-Toth, I. I. K.; Kellermann, K. I. (December 1968). "Measurements of the flux density and spectra of discrete sources at centimeter wavelengths. II. The observations at 5 GHz (6cm)". The Astronomical Journal. 73: 953–969. Bibcode:1968AJ.....73..953P. doi:10.1086/110754. ISSN 0004-6256.
  3. ^ Nolan, L. A.; Dunlop, J. S.; Kukula, M. J.; Hughes, D. H.; Boroson, T.; Jimenez, R. (2001-05-11). "The ages of quasar host galaxies". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 323 (2): 308–330. arXiv:astro-ph/0002020. Bibcode:2001MNRAS.323..308N. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2001.04174.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  4. ^ McLure, R. J.; Kukula, M. J.; Dunlop, J. S.; Baum, S. A.; O'Dea, C. P.; Hughes, D. H. (1999-09-19). "A comparative HST imaging study of the host galaxies of radio-quiet quasars, radio-loud quasars and radio galaxies -- I" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 308 (2): 377–404. arXiv:astro-ph/9809030. Bibcode:1999MNRAS.308..377M. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.1999.02676.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  5. ^ Disney, M. J.; Boyce, P. J.; Blades, J. C.; Boksenberg, A.; Crane, P.; Deharveng, J. M.; Macchetto, F.; Mackay, C. D.; Sparks, W. B.; Phillipps, S. (July 1995). "Interacting elliptical galaxies as hosts of intermediate-redshift quasars". Nature. 376 (6536): 150–153. Bibcode:1995Natur.376..150D. doi:10.1038/376150a0. ISSN 0028-0836.
  6. ^ Dunlop, J. S.; McLure, R. J.; Kukula, M. J.; Baum, S. A.; O'Dea, C. P.; Hughes, D. H. (April 2003). "Quasars, their host galaxies and their central black holes" (PDF). Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 340 (4): 1095–1135. arXiv:astro-ph/0108397. Bibcode:2003MNRAS.340.1095D. doi:10.1046/j.1365-8711.2003.06333.x. ISSN 0035-8711.
  7. ^ a b Canalizo, Gabriela; Stockton, Alan (2013-07-16). "Intermediate-Age Stellar Populations in Classical Quasi-Stellar Object Host Galaxies". The Astrophysical Journal. 772 (2): 132. arXiv:1306.0268. Bibcode:2013ApJ...772..132C. doi:10.1088/0004-637x/772/2/132. ISSN 0004-637X.
  8. ^ Ghigo, F. D. (November 1978). "Structures of 18 radio sources with peculiar optical features". The Astronomical Journal. 83: 1363–1373. Bibcode:1978AJ.....83.1363G. doi:10.1086/112325. ISSN 0004-6256.
  9. ^ Gower, A. C.; Hutchings, J. B. (January 1984). "The radio quasar 0137+012 - A case for damped jet precession". Publications of the Astronomical Society of the Pacific. 96: 19. Bibcode:1984PASP...96...19G. doi:10.1086/131296. ISSN 0004-6280.
  10. ^ Gower, A. C.; Hutchings, J. B. (November 1984). "Radio and optical morphology of low-redshift quasars". The Astronomical Journal. 89: 1658–1687. Bibcode:1984AJ.....89.1658G. doi:10.1086/113669. ISSN 0004-6256.
  11. ^ Curran, S. J.; Whiting, M. T.; Allison, J. R.; Tanna, A.; Sadler, E. M.; Athreya, R. (2017-02-21). "Atomic and molecular absorption in redshifted radio sources". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 467 (4): 4514–4525. arXiv:1702.04788. doi:10.1093/mnras/stx408. ISSN 0035-8711.
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