Mongolian Democratic Party (1990)
Mongolian Democratic Party Монголын Ардчилсан Нам | |
|---|---|
| Abbreviation | MDP/MoDP (English) МоАН (Mongolian) |
| Chairperson | Erdeniin Bat-Üül |
| Founded | 18 February 1990 |
| Registered | 7 April 1990 |
| Dissolved | 25 October 1992 |
| Merged into | Mongolian National Democratic Party |
| Headquarters | Ulaanbaatar |
| Ideology | |
| Political position | Centre-right to right wing |
| Colors | Blue |
| State Great Khural (1992–1996) | 4 / 76
|
| Party flag | |
The Mongolian Democratic Party (MDP) (Mongolian: Монголын Ардчилсан Нам, romanized: Mongolyn Ardchilsan Nam) was a political party in Mongolia that existed from 1990 to 1992. The MDP was the main opposition party from 1990 until 1992, when it merged with the Mongolian National Progress Party and founded the Mongolian National Democratic Party. The latter party later became a founding member of the modern-day Democratic Party.[1]
History
Foundation
By late November 1989, pro-democracy youth intellectual groups in Ulaanbaatar, inspired by the waves of revolution in Eastern Europe, began to criticize the government of the Mongolian People's Republic and the socialist one-party state.[2] The Mongolian Democratic Union (MDU) was formed by the end of 1989 and would lay the foundations for Mongolia's first opposition political party during the 1990 revolution. On 18 February 1990, the MDU convened its first conference and established the Mongolian Democratic Party (MDP). Erdeniin Bat-Üül was elected as the party's first and only chairman.[1][3]
After the success of the 1990 revolution, the MDP held its first party congress on 8-9 April, during which it ratified its party charters and elected its officials.[3] The MDP was officially registered as a legitimate political party by the Supreme Court of the Mongolian People's Republic on 7 April 1990, a day celebrated by the modern Democratic Party as the date of its first party congress and the start of its history.[1]
In the subsequent 1990 elections, the country's first free and fair multi-party elections, the MDP would win 23 out of 430 seats in the representative People's Great Khural and 13 out of 50 seats in the newly established lower house, the State Little Khural. Therefore, making it the second-largest political party in parliament and the main opposition force against the ruling party.
Merger with the MNPP
After the ratification of a new constitution and the establishment of a unicameral parliament, the 1992 elections for the first State Great Khural were held on 28 June 1992. The MDP ran together with the Mongolian National Progress Party (MNPP) and the Mongolian Green Party, and won 4 out of 76 seats in the State Great Khural.[4] In the same year, the MDP merged with the MNPP and the Mongolian Renaissance Party and founded the Mongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP) on 25 October.[1]
The Democratic Union, an opposition coalition consisting mainly of the MNDP and the Mongolian Social Democratic Party (MSDP), would win 50 seats in the State Great Khural in the 1996 election, which was the first time the ex-communist Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party (MPRP) was out of power since 1921.[5]
After the 2000 landslide victory of the MPRP, the opposition parties, including the MNDP, gained a total of 3 seats out of 76. On 6 December 2000, the MNDP would merge with the MSDP, the Mongolian Democratic Renaissance Party, and the Mongolian Religious Democratic Party, forming the modern-day Democratic Party (Mongolian: Ардчилсан Нам, romanized: Ardchilsan Nam).[3]
Electoral history
People's Great Khural elections
| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1990 | Erdeniin Bat-Üül | 236,087 | 24.14% | People's Great Khural 23 / 430
State Little Khural 13 / 50
|
New | 2nd | Unity government |
State Great Khural elections
| Election | Party leader | Votes | % | Seats | +/– | Position | Government |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1992[a] | Erdeniin Bat-Üül | 528,393 | 17.49% | 4 / 76
|
4 | 2nd | Opposition |
- ^ Run together with the Mongolian National Progress Party and the Mongolian Green Party.
See also
- Politics of Mongolia
- Mongolian Revolution of 1990
- Democratic Party (Mongolia)
- List of political parties in Mongolia
References
- ^ a b c d "Ардчилсан намын түүхэн товчоон-туршлага ба сургамж". www.assa.mn (in Mongolian). 2016-12-21. Retrieved 2025-12-01.
- ^ Heaton, William R. (Jan 1991). "Mongolia in 1990: Upheaval, Reform, But No Revolution Yet". The Western Political Quarterly. 31 (1): 50–56. doi:10.2307/2645184. JSTOR 2645184.
- ^ a b c "Намын тухай". democraticparty.mn (in Mongolian). Democratic Party. Retrieved 2025-09-01.
- ^ "The first State Great Hural election /1992-1996/". Parliament.mn - Монгол Улсын Их Хурал (in Mongolian). Archived from the original on 2025-11-13. Retrieved 2026-03-22.
- ^ Nohlen, Grotz & Hartmann, Dieter, Florian & Cristof (2001). Elections in Asia and the Pacific: A Data Handbook. Vol. II. Oxford: Oxford University Press. p. 506. ISBN 0-19-924959-8.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)