Mongolian National Democratic Party (2005)

The Mongolian National Democratic Party (Mongolian: Монгол Үндэсний Ардчилсан Нам, abbreviated МҮАН or MNDP), known until 2011 as the New National Party (Mongolian: Үндэсний Шинэ Нам, ҮШН), is a political party in Mongolia that was established in 2006.^[2]

The breakup of the Motherland Democratic Coalition in 2004, former prime minister Mendsaikhany Enkhsaikhan's defeat in the 2005 presidential election, and his internal disputes within the dominant Democratic Party (DP) caused four DP members of parliament to split off and found the New National Party (NNP) in 2006.^[3] The opposition Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party gained a majority over the DP after several lawmakers crossed the floor. Consequently, mass resignations of the MPRP ministers led to the collapse of the DP-led Tsakhiagiin Elbegdorj cabinet and the formation of the MPRP-led Miyeegombyn Enkhbold government in January 2006.^[4][5] Previously the chairman of the DP from 2002 to 2005,^[6] NNP chairman Enkhsaikhan served as the coalition government's Deputy Prime Minister from 2006 until 2008,^[7] when the Enkhbold cabinet was forced to resign. Two other NNP legislators served as ministers for the same period.

The NNP held its first Party Congress on 19 May 2006 and was officially registered by the Supreme Court on 12 June 2006.^[2] In the 2008 parliamentary election, the NNP failed to win any seats in the State Great Khural, losing its parliamentary representation. During its third Party Congress on 14 September 2011,^[2] the NNP changed its name to the Mongolian National Democratic Party (MNDP), and elected Enkhsaikhan as chairman. Since 2011, the MNDP largely campaigned on anti-establishment and nationalist sentiment.^[8]

In 2012, the party formed the Justice Coalition with the Mongolian People's Revolutionary Party, a party established in 2010.

The coalition won 11 of 76 seats in the State Great Khural during the 2012 parliamentary elections, 4 of which were affiliated with the MNDP. The Justice Coalition formed a coalition government with the plurality DP after the elections. The gradual breakup of the Justice Coalition in May 2016 led to a total of three MNDP MPs joining the DP,^[9] and one joining the Sovereignty and Unity Party.^[10] The MNDP lost all its parliamentary seats before the 2016 parliamentary elections. The party did not run in the election but instead formally supported the DP, which lost 25 of its seats.^[11][12] On 1 December 2016, Enkhsaikhan resigned as chairman and was succeeded by party secretary Bayanjargalyn Tsogtgerel.^[13]

For the 2020 parliamentary elections, the MNDP was part of a broad political coalition called the New Coalition, which included many extra-parliamentary parties such as the Mongolian Republican Party, Citizens' Coalition for Justice Party, and Truth and Right Party.^[14] The coalition came in fourth, received 5.35% of the total vote, but failed to win any seats in the State Great Khural.

In December 2022, the MNDP merged into the DP,^[15] but this merger was not accepted by the Supreme Court, and therefore, the party was not officially deregistered.^[16] Many party members, including former chairman Enkhsaikhan, joined the DP.

In the 2024 parliamentary election, the MNDP became a founding member of the National Coalition alongside the Mongolian Green Party.^[17] The coalition, led by former Mongolian People's Party member Nyamtaishiryn Nomtoibayar, won 4 out of 126 seats in the newly expanded State Great Khural. However, no MNDP party members were elected into office.^[18]

• Politics of Mongolia
• List of political parties in Mongolia