List of wars involving Australia

Australia, including its predecessor colonies – New South Wales, Van Diemen's Land, Tasmania, Victoria, Swan River, Western Australia, South Australia, and Queensland – has been involved in several wars, armed conflicts, rebellions and militarised interstate disputes.

For a list of wars that have been fought on the Australian mainland and in Australian waters, see the list of conflicts in Australia.

Dates indicate the years in which Australia was involved in the war.

  Victory
  Defeat
  Another result (e.g. a treaty or peace without a clear result, status quo ante bellum, result of civil or internal conflict, result unknown or indecisive, inconclusive)
  Ongoing conflict

Colonial Australia (1788–1901)

Colonial Australia was the Commonwealth of Australia's predecessor colonies, the colonies of New South Wales (1788–1901), Van Diemen's Land (1825–1856), Tasmania (1856–1901), Victoria (1851–1901), Swan River (1829–1833), Western Australia (1833–1901), South Australia (1836–1901), Queensland (1859–1901) and there territories and islands.

List of wars involving Colonial Australia
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result for Australia and/or its allies Australian losses
(Killed or missing) 		Notable battles
Military Civilians
Sydney Cove War[1]

(1790–1800)

part of Australian frontier wars

Kingdom of Great Britain (1790–1800)

United Kingdom (1801–1802)

Aboriginal Australians Victory
  • Dispossession of land of the indigenous clans
 26[1]
Pemulwuy's War

(1790–1802)

part of Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars and Australian frontier wars

Kingdom of Great Britain (1790–1800)

United Kingdom (1801–1802)

Burraberongal Tribe (1795–1802)

Indigenous peoples: Victory
  • Dispossession of land of the indigenous clans
  • Death of Pemulwuy
 44 3[2][3]
Hawkesbury and Nepean Wars

(1794–1816)

part of Australian frontier wars

Kingdom of Great Britain (1795–1800)

United Kingdom (1801–16)

Burraberongal Tribe

Indigenous peoples:

Irish-convict sympathisers

Victory
  • Dispossession of land of the indigenous clans
  • Legal disputes until 1992 Mabo decision
 160–380+ unknown
Bathurst War

(1824)

part of Australian frontier wars

United Kingdom Wiradjuri nation Victory ~20[4] 0[4]
Black War

(1828–32)

part of Australian frontier wars

United Kingdom Aboriginal Tasmanians Victory
  • Indigenous Tasmanians dispossessed, population declines and culture disrupted
  • Survivors surrender and are relocated to Wybalenna Aboriginal Mission
 201[5] 18[5]
Port Phillip District Wars

(1830–1850)

part of Australian frontier wars

United Kingdom Aboriginal Australians Victory
  • European occupation of the district
  • Deaths of up to more than 1,000 Aboriginals
 0 7–11
The Eumeralla Wars

(1834–1849 or 1860s)

part of Australian frontier wars

United Kingdom Aboriginal Australians Victory
  • British occupation of the district
 ~80
Moreton Bay conflict

(1832–1833)

part of Australian frontier wars

United Kingdom Quandamooka people

(Nunukul, Ngugi, and Gorenpul clans)

Indeterminate
  • Stalemate; British withdrawal from North Stradbroke Island
  • Establishment of limited coexistence between settlement and Quandamooka people
 5–8 killed; dozens wounded[6] ≈30–40 killed or wounded[7]
Mandandanji Land War[1]

(1842–1852)

part of Australian frontier wars

United Kingdom Mandandanji people Victory
  • Dispossession of land of the indigenous clans
  • Occupation and settlement of European colonists on conquered land
 Unknown
War of Southern Queensland

(1843–1855)

part of Australian frontier wars

United Kingdom Aboriginal Australians Victory
  • Dispossession of land of the indigenous clans
  • Occupation and settlement of European colonists on conquered land
  • ~700 – 1000 Europeans
  • Several thousand Indigenous
Eureka Rebellion (1851–1854) Colony of Victoria Anti-Gold Licence Association (Red Ribbon Rebellion)

Stockade rebels

Victory
  • Miners rebellion defeated by the Victorian authorities
  • 2 Government Troops
  • 22-60 Rebels
 unknown
Kalkadoon Wars

(1870–1890)

part of Australian frontier wars

United Kingdom Kalkadoon people Victory 100(est.) 5
Mahdist War (1885) British Empire

 Ethiopia

 Italy[8]

Congo Free State

Mahdist Sudan Victory 9 (from sickness on the return home) 3
Jandamarra Guerrilla War

(1894–97)

part of Australian frontier wars

British Empire Jandamarra
Bunuba people 		Victory
  • Death of Jandamarra
 2+ unknown

Commonwealth of Australia (1901–present)

List of wars involving the Commonwealth of Australia
Conflict Combatant 1 Combatant 2 Result for Australia and/or its allies Australian losses
(Killed or missing) 		Notable battles
Military Civilians
Second Boer War
(1899–1902)

Part of the Boer Wars during the Scramble for Africa

Victory 606[9] None[9]
Boxer Rebellion
(1900–1901) 		Victory
  • Rebellion suppressed
  • Signing of the Boxer Protocol
  • Provisions for foreign troops stationed in Beijing
 6[10] None[10]
World War I
(1914-1918) 		Allied Powers Central Powers Victory 62,149[11] None[11]
Allied intervention in the Russian Civil War
(1918–1920) 		Allied Powers Bolsheviks Defeat
  • Allied withdrawal from Russia
  • Bolshevik victory over White Army
  • The Soviet Union becomes the new Russian power
 10[12] Unknown
Egyptian Revolution of 1919
(1918–1919) 		 United Kingdom Wafd Party Defeat 1[14] unknown
1927 Malaita Punitive Expedition
(1927) 		Victory
  • Stabilisation of Malaita
  • 198 Kwaio arrested and detained[15]
 None[16] None[16]
World War II
(1939–1945) 		Victory 39,366[17] 735[17]
Anglo-Iraqi War
(1941)

Part of the Second World War

Allied powers:

Air and naval support:

Axis powers :

Military support :

Victory None None
Korean War
(1950–1953) 		Ceasefire 340[25] None[25]
Malayan Emergency
(1950–1960) 		Victory
  • Communist retreat from Malaya, Chin Peng exiled
 39[26] None[26]
Borneo Confrontation
(1963–1966) 		Victory
  • Indonesia accepts the formation of Malaysia
 23[27] None[27]
Vietnam War
(1965–1973) 		Defeat 521[28] None[28]
Gulf War
(1990–1991) 		Victory None[29] None[29]
Australian-led international intervention into the 1999 East Timorese crisis
(1999–2000)
Supported by:

Supported by:

Victory 2 None
War in Afghanistan
(2001–2021)

Northern Alliance

Defeat 41[45] None[45]
Iraq War
(2003–2009)
Victory 2[29] None[29]
Operation Anode
(2003–2013) 		Victory
  • Stabilisation of Solomon Islands
  • Australia, New Zealand, Tonga and Papua New Guinean forces withdraw forces
 1[48][49] None[48]
Iraqi civil war (2006–2008)
(2006–2008)

Part of the Iraq War

Sunni factions:
Shi'ite factions: 		Victory None None[29]
Operation Astute
(2006–2013) Part of 2006 East Timorese crisis 		Victory
  • Stabilisation of East Timor
 3[51] None[51]
Operation Ocean Shield
(2009–2016) 		* Somali pirates Victory
  • Number of pirate attacks dramatically decreased
  • The US Office of Naval Intelligence have officially reported that in 2013, only 9 incidents of piracy were reported and that none of them were successfully hijacked
  • Piracy drops 90%[52]
 None None
Iraqi Civil War (2013–2017)
(2014–2017)

Part of the Iraqi conflict, spillover of the Syrian civil war, international military intervention against the Islamic State and the war on terror

Further Support:
Victory 1[53] 0
American-led intervention in Syrian civil war
(2014–2017)

Part of the Syrian civil war, international military intervention against the Islamic State and the war on terror

Supported by:

  • Israel (limited involvement; against Hezbollah and government forces only)

Supported by:

Inconclusive, conflict ongoing None None
War on ISIL
(2014–present)

Part of the Second Libyan Civil War, War in Iraq (2013–2017), Syrian civil war and spillover of the Syrian civil war, Sinai insurgency, Boko Haram insurgency, insurgency in the North Caucasus, war on terror, and Moro conflict

Ongoing
  • Airstrikes on ISIL and al-Qaeda positions in Iraq, Syria, Libya, Nigeria, and Afghanistan
 None None
Marawi crisis
(2017)

Part of the Moro conflict and the Military intervention against ISIL

 Philippines
Supported by: 		 Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant Victory None None
Islamic State insurgency in Iraq (2017–present)
(2017–2021)

Part of the Iraqi conflict (2003–present)

 Iraq

Pro-Government Tribes[74]

Rojava (cross-border cooperation since May 2018)

CJTF-OIR (until 2021):

Supported by:

Iran
Qatar
Egypt

NATO

Kurdistan Region

Supported by:

Netherlands

Islamic State

White Flags

Iraqi Baath Party 		Inconclusive, conflict ongoing
  • Airstrikes on ISIL positions
 None None

See also

Notes

  1. ^ a b Before Federation in 1901, Australian involvement in the war consisted of forces from each of the six colonies.
  2. ^ HMAS Yarra, representing Australia, participated at sea.[19]
  3. ^ HMNZS Leander, representing New Zealand, participated at sea.[20]
  4. ^ Greek airmen undergoing training at Habbaniya flew sorties against the Iraqis.[21]

References

  1. ^ a b c cnet. "Australian Frontier Conflicts – Timeline". Australian Frontier Conflicts. Retrieved 15 April 2023.
  2. ^ F. M. Bladen (ed.), "Government and General Order. 22 November 1801.", Historical Records of New South Wales, vol. IV – HUNTER AND KING, p. 629, archived from the original on 6 April 2011
  3. ^ Smith, Keith Vincent (1 November 2003). "Australia's oldest murder mystery". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
  4. ^ a b Keneally, Thomas (2010). Australians: Origins to Eurika. Allen & Unwin Publishing. p. Chapter 19, subheading: Myall Creek and Beyond. ISBN 9781742374505.
  5. ^ a b Clements, Nicholas (2013). Frontier Conflict in Van Diemen's Land (PDF) (PhD thesis). University of Tasmania. pp. 324, 325. Archived from the original (PDF) on 16 October 2015.
  6. ^ Cite error: The named reference Pratt was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  7. ^ Cite error: The named reference KerkhoveQR was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  8. ^ Meredith Reid Sarkees, Frank Whelon Wayman (2010). Resort to war: a data guide to inter-state, extra-state, intra-state, and non-state wars, 1816–2007. Washington, DC.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  9. ^ a b Australia and the Boer War, 1899–1902, Australian War Memorial.
  10. ^ a b China (Boxer Rebellion), 1900–01, Australian War Memorial.
  11. ^ a b First World War 1914–18, Australian War Memorial.
  12. ^ [Muirden 1990].
  13. ^ Australian War Memorial – Egyptian Uprising 1919
  14. ^ Tyquin, Michael. Keeping the Peace – Egypt 1919, Journal of the Royal United Services Institute, Vol. 61, No. 4, December 2010.
  15. ^ Keesing and Corris, 176.
  16. ^ a b Navy, corporateName=Royal Australian. "Semaphore: HMAS Adelaide and the 1927 Malaita Expedition". www.navy.gov.au. Retrieved 22 May 2022.
  17. ^ a b "Australian Military Statistics World War II – A Global Perspective". AWM. Archived from the original on 27 May 2010. Retrieved 15 June 2011.
  18. ^ Young, p. 7.
  19. ^ Wavell, p. 4094.
  20. ^ Waters, p. 24.
  21. ^ Carr, John (2012). On Spartan Wings – The Royal Hellenic Air Force in World War Two. Pen & Sword Aviation. ISBN 978-1-84884-798-9.
  22. ^ Playfair 1956, p. 195.
  23. ^ Playfair 1956, p. 196.
  24. ^ Sutherland, Jon; Canwell, Diane (2011). Vichy Air Force at War: The French Air Force that Fought the Allies in World War II. Barnsley: Pen & Sword Aviation. pp. 38–43. ISBN 978-1-84884-336-3.
  25. ^ a b Korean War, 1950–53, Australian War Memorial.
  26. ^ a b Malayan Emergency, Australian War Memorial.
  27. ^ a b Indonesian Confrontation, 1963–66, Australian War Memorial.
  28. ^ a b Vietnam War 1962–75, Australian War Memorial.
  29. ^ a b c d e Iraq, Australian War Memorial.
  30. ^ "East Timor and Australia's Security Role: Issues and Scenarios".
  31. ^ "UNMISET: United Nations Mission of Support in East Timor – Facts and Figures". peacekeeping.un.org.
  32. ^ a b c d e "UNTAET Fact Sheet 18: Peacekeeping Force". OCHA. 28 February 2002. Retrieved 10 November 2020.
  33. ^ Cross, Lyle. "East Timor: A Case Study in C4I Innovation". US Navy Information Technology Magazine. Department of Navy (US). Retrieved 9 September 2018.
  34. ^ "Former East Timor Pro-Integration Militias Demand Compensation". Tempco.co. 27 September 2017. Retrieved 12 November 2020.
  35. ^ "Indonesia 'bugged' Australia". The Age. 15 November 2004.
  36. ^ "The Collins allegations | Nautilus Institute for Security and Sustainability". nautilus.org. 19 December 2011.
  37. ^ "PM – A look behind the 'Jakarta Lobby'". www.abc.net.au. 5 July 2023.
  38. ^ "PM – Intelligence analyst blasts the DIO". www.abc.net.au. 5 July 2023.
  39. ^ a b "53. Indonesia/East Timor (1976–2002)". uca.edu.
  40. ^ "BBC News | Asia-Pacific | Military sanctions against Indonesia". news.bbc.co.uk.
  41. ^ "U.S. Removes Six-Year Embargo Against Indonesia". Associated Press. 25 March 2015.
  42. ^ "Britain sells weapons to Indonesia after 13 year hiatus". The Telegraph. 11 April 2012.
  43. ^ "EU Arms Embargo to Indonesia Lifted Despite Worsening Situation in the Archipelago". Transnational Institute. 17 November 2005.
  44. ^ "BBC News | ASIA-PACIFIC | EU lifts arms embargo on Indonesia". news.bbc.co.uk.
  45. ^ a b "Australian soldier dead in Afghanistan named as lance corporal Todd Chidgey". the Guardian. 3 July 2014. Retrieved 6 February 2015.
  46. ^ "Sectarian divisions change Baghdad's image". NBC News. 3 July 2006. Retrieved 18 February 2007.
  47. ^ References:
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  49. ^ "Australia-led Combined Task Forces Concludes Role With RAMSI". Department of Defence (Press release). 2 July 2013. Archived from the original on 8 September 2013. Retrieved 10 July 2013.
  50. ^ "Iraq Government Vows to Disband Sunnis". The Huffington Post. Archived from the original on 29 November 2014. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  51. ^ a b Australians and Peacekeeping, Australian War Memorial.
  52. ^ "Somali piracy is down 90 per cent from last year". The Journal. 15 December 2013. Retrieved 14 January 2014.
  53. ^ "The cruellest fate for brave war veteran". www.themercury.com.au. 6 September 2015. Retrieved 8 October 2019.
  54. ^ "Australia ends strikes in Iraq and Syria". BBC News. 22 December 2017.
  55. ^ "Belgium takes back six children of Isis fighters from Syrian camps". The Guardian. 15 June 2019. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 15 June 2019.
  56. ^ Seligman, Lara (27 July 2021). "Troops to stay put in Syria even as Biden seeks to end America's 'forever wars'". Politico. Retrieved 13 March 2022.
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  58. ^ Pia Gutierrez (31 May 2017). "Duterte, MILF create 'peace corridor' in Marawi". ABS-CBN News. Retrieved 1 June 2017.
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  60. ^ Viray, Patricia Lourdes (24 October 2017). "Fact check: Duterte's claims on US aid to military". The Philippine Star. Retrieved 24 October 2017.
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  64. ^ "'Royal Navy and Marines help Philippine Army after five-month battle with ISIS terrorists". 14 May 2019.
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Sources:

  • Muirden, Bruce (1990). The Diggers Who Signed On For More: Australia's Part in the Russian Wars of Intervention, 1918–1919. Kent Town: Wakefield Press. ISBN 1-86254-260-0.
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