List of aviation mnemonics

Mnemonics are used by aircraft pilots for the safe management of a flight.

List of mnemonics

Abbreviation Expansion Definition
ABCDE Airspeed, Best landing site, Checklist, Declare, Execute[1]
ANDS (in the Northern hemisphere) Accelerate North Decelerate South. SAND in the Southern hemisphere.[2]
APTATEN Aircraft, Position, Time, Altitude, Type of flight plan, Estimated time of arrival, Name of next reporting point[3]
ARROW Airworthiness certificate, Registration, Radio station license, Operating limitations, Weight and balance[4] Documents required to be kept in the airplane
ATOMATOFLAMES Airspeed indicator, Tachometer, Oil pressure gauge, Manifold pressure gauge, Altimeter, Temperature gauge, Oil temperature gauge, Fuel quantity gauge, Landing gear position indicator, Anticollision lights, Magnetic compass, Emergency locator transmitter, Safety equipment[5]
AV1ATE Annual inspection/Airworthiness directives, VOR check, 100-Hour inspection, Altimeter, Transponder, Emergency locator transmitter[6]
BLITTS Boost pump, Lights, Instruments, Transponder, Takeoff time, Seatbelts pre-takeoff checks
BUMMMFITCHH Brakes, Undercarriage, Mixture, Magnetos, Master switch, Propeller pitch, Fuel, Flaps, Instruments, Temperatures, Carburettor heat, Hatches, Harnesses pre-landing checks
CARE Consequences, Alternatives, Reality, External factors[7]
CBSIFTBEC Controls, Ballast, Straps, Instruments, Flaps, Trim, Brakes, Eventualities, Canopy UK glider pre-takeoff checks
CCCC Cram, Clean, Cool, Call[3]
CCCCCC Calm, Compare, Climb, Contact, Confess, Conserve[8]
CIGAR Controls, Instruments, Gas, Attitude, Run-up pre-takeoff checks
CIGFT-PRSS Controls, Instruments, Gas, Flaps, Trim, Propeller, Run-up, Shutters, Shoulder straps[9]
CISTRSC Controls, Instruments, Spoilers, Trim, Release, Straps, Canopy Canadian glider pre-takeoff checks
CRAFT Clearance, Route, Altitude, Frequency, Transponder instrument flight rules clearance checks
DECIDE Detect, Estimate, Choose, Identify, Do[7]
DODAR Diagnose, Options, Decide, Assign, Review[10]
FACTS Flaps, Auxiliary fuel pump, Cowl flaps/Carburetor heat, Transponder, Switches[3]
FATPL Fuel, Altimeters, Transponder, Pitot heat, Landing Light.[11] pre-takeoff checks.
FLAREE Flaps, Lights, Auxiliary fuel pump, Radar transponder, Emergency locator transmitter, Engine[3]
FREDA Fuel, Radios, Engine, Direction indicator, Altitude en-route checks
GOOSEACAT Gas gauge, Oil temperature, Oil pressure, Seat belts, Emergency locator transmitter, Altimeter, Compass, Airspeed indicator, Tachometer[12]
GRABCARD Generator, Radios, Altimeter, Ball, Clock, Attitude indicator, Rate of turn indicator, Directional gyroscope[13]
GUMPS Gas, Undercarriage, Mixture, Propeller, Seat belts pre-landing checks
HAMSACC Holding, Altitude, Missed approach, Safety of flight, Airspeed, Communication, Climb[3]
HASELL Height, Airframe, Security, Engine, Location, Lookout checks before aerial manoeuvres
IMSAFE Illness, Medication, Stress, Alcohol, Fatigue, Emotion personal wellness checks
MARVELOUSVFR500 Missed approach, Airspeed, Reach holding fix, Vacate assigned altitude, Estimated time of arrival, Leaving holding fix, Outer marker, Unforecast weather, Safety of flight, VFR-on-top, Final approach fix, Radio malfunctions, 500 feet per minute[14]
MIDGET Master, Ignition, Doors, Gust lock, Emergency locator transmitter, Tiedown[3]
MMM Mixture, Mags, Master[15]
MPG Mixture, Propeller, Green light[3]
NWKRAFT NOTAMS, Weather, Known air traffic control delays, Runway lengths, Alternates, Fuel, Takeoff distances[16]
OODA Observe, Orient, Decide, Act
OWLS Obstacles, Wind direction, Length, Surface checks to assess an unprepared surface for a precautionary landing
PARE Power, Ailerons, Rudder, Elevator spin recovery technique
PAVE Pilot-in-command, Aircraft, enVironment, and External pre-flight risk evaluation[7][a]
PAWT Passengers, Airspace, Weather, Time[12]
PPP Perceive, Process, Perform[17]
RAWFAT Runway lengths, Alternates, Weather, Fuel requirements, Air traffic control delays, Takeoff distance data[12]
TEAM Transfer, Eliminate, Accept, Mitigate[7]
SAFETY Seatbelts, Air, Fire extinguisher, Equipment, Traffic/Talking, Your questions[18]
SPLITT Strobes, Pitot heat, Lights, Ignition, Transponder, Time[15]
TMPFFGH Trim, Mixture, Pitch, Fuel, Flaps, Engine air ventilation, Hydraulic pressure. Avro Lancaster pre-takeoff checks.[19]
TTTTTT Turn, Time, Tune, Transition, Talk, Test[3]
UNOS (in the Northern hemisphere) Undershoot North, Overshoot South. ONUS in the Southern hemisphere.[2] to compensate for magnetic dip when turning
UPRT Upset, Push, Roll, Thrust upset recovery technique
WIRETAP Weather, Instruments, Radios, Elevation, Timing, Altitudes, Procedure[3]

See also

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ Not to be confused with the military term.

Notes

  1. ^ Tallman, Jill W. (1 August 2020). "Technique: Power-Off Landing". AOPA. Retrieved 12 May 2026.
  2. ^ a b Stibbe, Matthew (28 April 2010). "Acronyms to Help Remember Aviation Compass Errors". Golf Hotel Whiskey. Archived from the original on 2 May 2010. Retrieved 8 April 2026.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h i Rossier, Robert N. (5 February 2000). "Mnemonic Reminders". AOPA. Retrieved 12 May 2026.
  4. ^ Drake, Donald D. (May–June 1992), "How to Pass Your Next FAA Flight Test", FAA Aviation News, vol. 31, no. 3, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, p. 9, retrieved 7 May 2026
  5. ^ Radtke, Eric (6 June 2024). "What is ATOMATOFLAMES per FAR 91.205?". Sporty's. Retrieved 11 May 2026.
  6. ^ Ballenger, Barry (May–June 2009), "Airworthy or Not", FAA Aviation News, vol. 48, no. 3, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, p. 16, retrieved 12 May 2026
  7. ^ a b c d "Aeronautical Decision-Making" (PDF). Pilot's Handbook of Aeronautical Knowledge. Flight Standards Service, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation. 2023. pp. 2-8 – 2-20. Retrieved 8 April 2026.
  8. ^ AOPA Pilot. Vol. 22. 1979. p. 39 http://www.google.com/books/edition/The_AOPA_Pilot/tXo6AQAAIAAJ?hl=en&gbpv=1&bsq=Calm,+Compare,+Climb,+Contact,+Confess,+Conserve. Retrieved 12 May 2026. {{cite magazine}}: Missing or empty |title= (help)
  9. ^ Miles, K. P.; Ginn, W. H., Jr.; Howell, P. R. (September 1951). "Tip to a Tipster". Flying. Vol. 49, no. 3. New York, New York: Ziff-Davis Publishing Company. p. 7. Retrieved 11 May 2026.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  10. ^ Resource Booklet 7: Decision Making (PDF). Safety Behaviours: Human Factors for Pilots. Civil Aviation Safety Authority. 2025. p. 18. ISBN 978-1-76137-083-0. Retrieved 12 May 2026.
  11. ^ Christian-Phillips, Anneli (1 March 2013). Commercial Pilot's Licence. Crowood. ISBN 978-1-84797-542-3. Retrieved 18 February 2022.
  12. ^ a b c Laboda, Amy (14 June 2021). "Aviation Acronyms". Flying. Retrieved 12 May 2026.
  13. ^ Gleim, Irvin N. (2004). Instrument Flight Maneuvers and Practical Test Prep. Gainesville, Florida: Gleim Publications. p. 358. ISBN 1-58194-387-3. Retrieved 11 May 2026.
  14. ^ Cushing, Evan (14 November 2014). "Position Reports". Flying. Retrieved 12 May 2026.
  15. ^ a b Garrison, Peter (October 1989). "A Balk Down Memory Lane". Flying. Vol. 116, no. 10. New York, New York: Diamandis Communications. pp. 38–39. Retrieved 11 May 2026.
  16. ^ Dubois, William E. (17 January 2023). "Training and Safety Tip: Acronyms are Memory Aids". AOPA. Retrieved 12 May 2026.
  17. ^ "The Art of Aeronautical Decision-Making" (PDF). Federal Aviation Administration. Retrieved 12 May 2026.
  18. ^ "S-A-F-E-T-Y Briefing" (PDF), FAA Safety Briefing, Federal Aviation Administration, U.S. Department of Transportation, p. 25, July–August 2014, retrieved 7 May 2026
  19. ^ Lindsey, Ivan (2012). In the Heavens Above: British Commonwealth Air Training Plan; RNZAF Aircrew Training Canada, 1940-1945. Christchurch, New Zealand: Willsonscott Publishing. p. 310. ISBN 9781877427381.
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