Hypselostomatidae

Hypselostomatidae
Shell of Anauchen kozari
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Order: Stylommatophora
Superfamily: Pupilloidea
Family: Hypselostomatidae
Zilch, 1959
Synonyms
  • Aulacospirinae Zilch, 1959 ·junior subjective synonym
  • Hypselostomatinae Zilch, 1959 superseded rank

Hypselostomatidae is a family of small, air-breathing land snails, terrestrial pulmonate gastropod molluscs in the superfamily Pupilloidea.[1]

General characteristics

The shell of a typical hypselostomatid ranges from conical or conical-ovoid to depressed-conical. However, the body whorl frequently becomes detached from the penultimate whorl (Hoekstra and Schilthuizen 2011; Chen et al. 2022). This separation—known as a solute or uncoiled condition—drastically alters the overall shell profile, often resulting in a trumpet-like or distorted appearance.[2][3][4]

Distribution

Distributed mainly in Southeastern Asia,but also in India to Pakistan, China, Japan and Australia; mostly on limestone habitats.

Taxonomy

The Hypselostomatidae were originally established as a subfamily of Chondrinidae (Zilch 1959). In that same work, Zilch erected the subfamily Aulacospirinae, which was later synonymized by Schileyko (1998). Systematic placement has since remained a subject of debate: while Bouchet et al. (2017) treated the group as a subfamily of Gastrocoptidae, other authors have classified these representatives under Vertiginidae (Panha 1998; Tanmuangpak and Dumrongrojwattana 2022) or Pupillidae (Burch and Panha 2002). More recently, several authors have advocated for full family status as the Hypselostomatidae (Gojšina et al. 2022; Páll-Gergely 2023a, b).[4]

Genera

  • Acinolaemus Thompson & Upatham, 1997
  • Anauchen Pilsbry, 1917
  • Angustopila Jochum, Slapnik & Páll-Gergely, 2014
  • Antroapiculus Panha & Burch, 1999: synonym of Antroapiculus Panha & J. B. Burch, 2002 accepted as Hypselostoma W. H. Benson, 1856 (incorrect subsequent spelling)
  • Aulacospira Möllendorff, 1890
  • Bensonella Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1900
  • Boysia L. Pfeiffer, 1849
  • Boysidia Ancey, 1881
  • Clostophis Benson, 1860
  • Dentisphaera Páll-Gergely & Jochum, 2017 - endemic to the caves in Northern Vietnam[5]
  • Gyliotrachela Tomlin, 1930: synonym of Hypselostoma W. H. Benson, 1856 (junior subjective synonym)
  • Hypselostoma Benson, 1856 - the type genus of the family
  • Krobylos Panha & Burch, 1999
  • Montapiculus Panha & Burch, 1999: synonym of Clostophis W. H. Benson, 1860 (junior synonym)
  • Pseudostreptaxis Möllendorff, 1890
  • Tonkinospira Jochum, Slapnik & Páll-Gergely, 2014
  • Paraboysidia Pilsbry, 1917: synonym of Bensonella Pilsbry & Vanatta, 1900 (junior subjective synonym)

References

  1. ^ MolluscaBase eds. (2026). MolluscaBase. Hypselostomatidae Zilch, 1959. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at: https://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=853767 on 2026-01-25
  2. ^ Hoekstra P, Schilthuizen M (2011) Phylogenetic relationships between isolated populations of the limestone dwelling microsnail Gyliotrachela hungerfordiana (Gastropoda: Vertiginidae). Journal of Zoological Systematics and Evolutionary Research 49(4): 266–272
  3. ^ Chen Z-Y, Huang B, Páll-Gergely B (2022) Exceptional among the exceptional: a new species of Stenogyropsis Möllendorff, 1899 (Eupulmonata: Camaenidae), with a review of the free last whorl in terrestrial gastropods. Journal of Molluscan Studies 88: eyac015
  4. ^ a b Gojšina, V., Hunyadi, A., Sutcharit, C., Tongkerd, P., Auffenberg, K., Grego, J., Vermeulen, J. J., Reischütz, A. & Páll-Gergely, B. (2025). "A new start? Revision of the genera Anauchen, Bensonella, Gyliotrachela and Hypselostoma (Gastropoda, Eupulmonata, Hypselostomatidae) of Southeast Asia with description of 46 new species". Zookeys. 1235. Retrieved 25 January 2026.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) This article incorporates text from this source, which is under a CC BY 4.0 license.
  5. ^ Páll-Gergely, B.; Jochum, A.; Asami, T. (2017). Three new species and a new genus of Hypselostomatidae (Gastropoda: Pulmonata) from Cong Troi Cave, Northern Vietnam. Acta Zoologica Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae. 63(3): 327-341.
  • Zilch, A. (1959-1960). Gastropoda. Teil 2. Euthyneura. In: Schindewolf, O. H. (Ed.), Handbuch der Paläozoologie, Band 6. Borntraeger, Berlin. Lfg. 1: pp. 1-200 (17 July 1959); Lfg. 2: pp. 201-400 (25 November 1959); Lfg. 3: pp. 401-600
  • Schileyko, A. A. (1998). Treatise on Recent terrestrial pulmonate molluscs. Part 2. Gastrocoptidae, Hypselostomatidae, Vertiginidae, Truncatellinidae, Pachnodidae, Enidae, Sagdidae. Ruthenica. Supplement 2: 129-261. Moskva
  • Panha S (1998a) [“1997”] Three new species of microsnails from southern Thailand (Pulmonata: Vertiginidae; Prosobranchia: Diplommatinidae). Malacological Review 30(1): 53–59.
  • Tanmuangpak K, Dumrongrojwattana P (2022) Gyliotrachela cultura, a new species of terrestrial microsnail (Gastropoda: Eupulmonata: Vertiginidae) from Thailand. Raffles Bulletin of Zoology, 70: 407–416.
  • Burch JB, Panha S (2002) [“2000”] The pupillid genus Anauchen in Thailand (Pulmonata: Stylommatophora). Walkerana 11(26): 239–248.