Ghani (letter)

Ghani
Ⴖ ⴖ ღ ღ
Usage
Writing systemGeorgian script
TypeAlphabetic
Language of originGeorgian language
Sound values[ɣ], [ʁ]
In UnicodeU+10B6, U+2D16, U+10E6, U+1CA6
Alphabetical position26
History
Time periodc. 430 to present
TransliterationsGh, Ḡ, Ǧ, Ġ, Ɣ
Other
Associated numbers700
Writing directionLeft-to-right

Ghani, or Ghan (Asomtavruli: Ⴖ, Nuskhuri: ⴖ, Mkhedruli: ღ, Mtavruli: Ღ; Georgian: ღანი, ღან) is the 26th letter of the three Georgian scripts.[1]

In the system of Georgian numerals, it has a value of 700.[2] In the Georgian language, Ghani’s phonemic realisation can be classified as a voiced velar fricative /ɣ/,[3] although it is argued that it can also be a voiced uvular fricative /ʁ/, depending on the context it appears in. It is typically romanized with the digraph Gh or with the letters Ḡ, Ǧ, Ġ, and Ɣ.[4]

The mkhedruli form has become popular as an emoticon in the Western world due to its resemblance to a heart symbol and as part of a "love" emoticon, is often rendered as: ღ <3, and sometimes ღ(✿◠ᴗ◠)ღ

Letter

asomtavruli nuskhuri mkhedruli mtavruli

Three-dimensional

asomtavruli nuskhuri mkhedruli

Stroke order

asomtavruli[5] nuskhuri[6] mkhedruli[7]

Computer encodings

Character information
Preview Ⴖ ⴖ ღ Ღ
Unicode name GEORGIAN CAPITAL LETTER GHAN[8] GEORGIAN SMALL LETTER GHAN[9] GEORGIAN LETTER GHAN[8] GEORGIAN MTAVRULI CAPITAL LETTER GHAN
Encodings decimal hex dec hex dec hex dec hex
Unicode 4278 U+10B6 11542 U+2D16 4326 U+10E6 7334 U+1CA6
UTF-8 225 130 182 E1 82 B6 226 180 150 E2 B4 96 225 131 166 E1 83 A6 225 178 166 E1 B2 A6
Numeric character reference &#4278; &#x10B6; &#11542; &#x2D16; &#4326; &#x10E6; &#7334; &#x1CA6;

Braille

mkhedruli[10]

See also

References

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Georgian letter Ghan.
  1. ^ Machavariani, p. 136
  2. ^ Mchedlidze, (2) p. 99
  3. ^ Aronson, Howard Isaac. Georgian: A Reading Grammar. — Columbus, OH : Slavica Publishers, 1990. — p. 18. — ISBN 978-0-89357-207-5
  4. ^ "Transliteration of Georgian" (PDF).
  5. ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 105
  6. ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 107
  7. ^ Mchedlidze, I, p. 110
  8. ^ a b Unicode (1)
  9. ^ Unicode (2)
  10. ^ UNESCO, World Braille Usage, Third Edition, Washington, D.C. p. 45

Bibliography

  • Mchedlidze, T. (1) The restored Georgian alphabet, Fulda, Germany, 2013
  • Mchedlidze, T. (2) The Georgian script; Dictionary and guide, Fulda, Germany, 2013
  • Machavariani, E. Georgian manuscripts, Tbilisi, 2011
  • The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (1) Georgian, 1991-2013
  • The Unicode Standard, Version 6.3, (2) Georgian Supplement, 1991-2013
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