Charles Cammell

Charles Cammell (1810–1879) was a British salesman and entrepreneur in the steel industry, active in the Sheffield area. His name survives in the Cammell Laird heavy engineering company, formed several decades after his death.[1]

Early life and background

He was the fourth and youngest son of George Cammell of Kingston upon Hull, a shipmaster, and his wife Hannah Wilson (died 1825).[1][2][3] His elder brother George Cammell junior, who died in 1857 at age 58, was shipping agent for the Hull agent for the "Dundee and Hull Steam Packet": the Forfarshire, the paddle steamer wrecked off the Farne Islands on 7 September 1838. In 1863 the partnership trading as George Cammell, Shipping and Commission agents was re-formed, trading subsequently as Cammell, Woolf & Haigh, shipowners at Hull.[4]

Born in Hull, Charles Cammell served an apprenticeship there with an ironmonger. It was completed in 1830, and he moved to Sheffield.[7]

Ibbotson Brothers

Cammell went to work in Sheffield at the Globe Steel Works of the Ibbotson Brothers, a purpose-built cutlery factory constructed from 1825 to 1830.[8] By 1832 he was a commercial traveller for the company, in cutlery and files. At the time the Sheffield steel products industry was fragmented, largely dependent on artisanal batch production.[9] The American market was of great importance, and bar iron was imported from Sweden from which steel was produced.[10]

Johnson, Cammell & Co.

At the time of the American panic of 1837, Cammell set up his own business on Furnival Street, Sheffield, with Thomas Johnson from Ibbotsons and his brother Henry Johnson. They made files and other steel tools.[1][11] The company sold products for the railway boom, and opened the Cyclops Works on Savile Street in 1845.[11]

On a sporting holiday in 1838 in the East of Scotland, Cammell met two of the sons of George Wilson, an flax industrialist at Broughty Ferry.[12] As a result George Wilson the younger was sent to the Sheffield Collegiate School, aged around nine. He joined the Johnson Cammell firm in his early twenties, and successfully carried out a trip to the American market.[13] The younger brother Alexander Wilson also joined the firm, in the 1850s. Both had Scottish university degrees.[13][14] George Wilson had then been works manager for some years, Cammell's role being in sales.[1]

Charles Cammell & Co.

The renaming of the company in 1855 reflected the death of Thomas Johnson in 1852, and the retirement that year of his replacement as partner Edward Bury.[1][15] It was growing, and making Bessemer process steel.[1] It became a limited company in 1864, Cammell becoming chairman, his interest having been bought out for £200,000, and George Wilson the managing director, until 1885.[1]

Property owner

Cammell bought Norton Hall outside Sheffield in 1851. He also acquired an estate at Hathersage in Derbyshire, and Ditcham Park, Buriton, Hampshire.[1]

Family

Cammell married in 1845 Marianne Wright, widow of John Wright (1808–1844) of Birmingham; she was born Mary Ann Rollason, daughter of Thomas Rollason.[16][17] A report of her first marriage in 1835 described her as "Mary Anne, third daughter of Thomas Rollason, Gent. of Sheldon."[18] He is also described as being of Erdington.[19]

The couple had six sons and a daughter Alice Maud, who married in 1872 Edward Martin (1846–1928), called to the bar in 1871. He was the son of Edward Martin of Rempstone and his wife Mary Addey, daughter of George Addey of Upperthorpe, Sheffield.[1][20][21][22] The sons were:[23]

  • Charles David Wilson Cammell of Norton Hall, Ditcham Park and Huttons Ambo (1847–1905). He was twice married, firstly in 1873 to Florence Annie Elwon, daughter of the ironmaster Thomas Light Elwon. They had three daughters; the marriage ended in divorce, and Florence married secondly, in 1883, Arthur Clarke-Jervoise, later of the Clarke-Jervoise baronets. Secondly, in 1884, Cammell married Geraldine Theresa Haworth-Booth, second daughter of Benjamin Blaydes Haworth-Booth.[24][25][26][27][28]
  • Bernard Edward Cammell (1850–1832) took part in the Wilson & Cammell ironworks at Dronfield, with George Wilson, as a venture separate from Cammell & Co.[29][30] He is known as an artist, under the name Bernard E. Cammell.[31] He married Evelyn Jane Wellesley, daughter of William Henry Charles Wellesley, and granddaughter of Gerald Valerian Wellesley.
  • George Henry Cammell (1851–1903). He married in 1881 Edith Mildred Cordelia Haworth-Booth, eldest daughter of Benjamin Blaydes Haworth-Booth.[32][24] His daughter Edith Violet was the mother of Godfrey Meynell VC.[33][34]
  • Otto Charles Arthur Cammell, died in Mexico 1892.[19]
  • Minard Augustus Cammell, died 1898.[19]
  • Archibald Allan Cammell (1856–1911) resigned in 1880 as a lieutenant from the 14th Hussars,[35] and that year married Katherine Marion Orr, daughter of John Henry Orr, army surgeon in India.[19] He died aged 54 and left three children.[36] The sons were Reginald Archibald Cammell and Gerald Arthur Cammell (1889–1933).[37][38] Daughter Constance Maude Cammell married in 1914, at St. Stephen's Church, Ootacamund in India, William Henry Beach and was mother of Hugh Beach.[39][40]

Notes

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i Tweedale, Geoffrey. "Cammell, Charles (1810–1879)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/46804. (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ^ Burke, Bernard (1886). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland. Harrison. p. 283.
  3. ^ Walford, Edward (1864). The County Families of the United Kingdom. Hardwicke. p. 166.
  4. ^ "No. 22777". The London Gazette. 6 October 1863. p. 4806.
  5. ^ Wright, Christopher; Ferens Art Gallery (2002). From Medieval to Regency: Old Masters in the Collection of the Ferens Art Gallery. Hull City Museums & Art Gallery. p. 238. ISBN 978-0-904490-29-9.
  6. ^ Cockcroft, Robert (1982). The Voyage of Life: Ship Imagery in Art, Literature and Life. Nottingham University Art Gallery. p. 15.
  7. ^ Institution of Civil Engineers (Great Britain) (1879). Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers. The Institution. p. 288.
  8. ^ Jones, Melvyn (30 September 2004). The Making of Sheffield. Wharncliffe. p. 82. ISBN 978-1-903425-42-8.
  9. ^ Warren, Kenneth (1998). Steel, Ships and Men: Cammell Laird, 1824-1993. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-85323-912-3.
  10. ^ Tweedale, Geoffrey (1987). Sheffield Steel and America: A Century of Commercial and Technological Interdependence 1830-1930. Cambridge University Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-521-33458-7.
  11. ^ a b Johnston, Ian; Buxton, Ian (8 May 2013). The Battleship Builders: Constructing and Arming British Capital Ships. Seaforth Publishing. p. 162. ISBN 978-1-4738-2226-9.
  12. ^ Iron and Steel Institute (1885). Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute. p. 541.
  13. ^ a b Warren, Kenneth (1 January 1998). Steel, Ships and Men: Cammell Laird, 1824-1993. Liverpool University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-85323-922-2.
  14. ^ "Wilson, Sir Alexander". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  15. ^ Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers: 1880. Institution of Mechanical Engineers. 1880. p. 1.
  16. ^ "Marriages". Sheffield Independent. 25 October 1845. p. 5.
  17. ^ "John Wright (1808-1844) - Graces Guide". www.gracesguide.co.uk.
  18. ^ "Marriages". Sheffield Iris. 19 May 1835. p. 2.
  19. ^ a b c d Burke, Sir Bernard (1921). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain. Burke Publishing Company. p. 270.
  20. ^ "Martin, Edward (MRTN865E)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  21. ^  Foster, Joseph (1885). "Martin, Edward" . Men-at-the-Bar  (second ed.). London: Hazell, Watson, and Viney.
  22. ^ "Marriages". Sheffield Independent. 27 May 1843. p. 5.
  23. ^ Burke, Bernard (1886). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain & Ireland. Harrison. p. 283.
  24. ^ a b Burke, Sir Bernard (1921). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain. Burke Publishing Company. p. 168.
  25. ^ Howard, Joseph Jackson; Crisp, Frederick Arthur, eds. (1900). Visitation of England and Wales. Vol. 8. London: Priv. printed. p. 131.
  26. ^ "Thomas Light Elwon - Graces Guide". www.gracesguide.co.uk.
  27. ^ Debrett's Illustrated Peerage and Baronetage, Titles of Courtesy and the Knightage. Kelly's Directories. 1898. p. 315.
  28. ^ "Haworth (post Haworth-Booth), Benjamin Blaydes (HWRT842BB)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  29. ^ "Cammell, Bernard Edmund (CML868BE)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  30. ^ Bodsworth, C. (1 November 2024). Sir Henry Bessemer: Father of the Steel Industry. CRC Press. p. vi. ISBN 978-1-040-28184-0.
  31. ^ "Cammell, Bernard E. (British artist, active 1883-1913)". www.getty.edu.
  32. ^ "Cammell, George Henry (CML871GH)". A Cambridge Alumni Database. University of Cambridge.
  33. ^ Burke, Bernard (1921). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Landed Gentry of Great Britain. Burke Publishing Company. p. 1239.
  34. ^ "Capt. G. Meynell". Derby Daily Telegraph. 18 April 1936. p. 1.
  35. ^ "War Office". Allen's Indian Mail. 25 March 1880. p. 15.
  36. ^ Wills and Bequests: Mr. A. A. Cammell's Estate. Sheffield Daily Telegraph. 20 May 1911. p. 7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  37. ^ "D.S.O. for Ealing Officer". Middlesex County Times. 17 April 1915. p. 7.
  38. ^ "Cammell, Major Gerald Arthur". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  39. ^ "Beach-Cammell". Lady's Pictorial. 20 March 1915. p. 41.
  40. ^ "Beach, Maj.-Gen. William Henry". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
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