Sir Alexander Wilson, 1st Baronet

Sir Alexander Wilson, 1st Baronet (1837–1907) was a Scottish steel company executive, known for his role in developing compound armour for warships.

Life

He was born at Haughmill near Windygates in Fifeshire, the son of George Wilson of Prinlaws on the River Leven and his wife Isabella Ralph;[1] his elder brother George Wilson (1829–1885) joined in 1846 Cammell & Co., steelmakers in the Don valley near Sheffield, and in 1864 became its managing director, with Charles Cammell as chairman.[2]

Their father was a manufacturer in the flax trade at Broughty Ferry.[3] After he and Cammell in met in 1838, when Cammell was on holiday, George Wilson the younger was sent to the Sheffield Collegiate School, aged around nine. He joined the Johnson Cammell firm in his early twenties, and went on to marry one of Cammell's daughters.[4] After education at Madras College in St Andrews and Edinburgh University, Alexander Wilson also joined the firm in the 1850s.[1][4]

The naval officer and inventor Jasper Henry Selwyn was an advocate for naval armour in the 1860s,[5][6] and in 1870 called attention to anvil composition—i.e. wrought iron faced with steel—for its construction.[7] At the Dronfield site of the Cammell group in Derbyshire, production of steel-faced compound armour plate began, under a patent taken out by Alexander Wilson. The plate was accepted by the British government by 1880, as was a rival product from the Atlas Works of John Brown & Company, using a patent of J. D. Ellis. "In Cammell plates, which were made by the Wilson process, the steel face was formed by running molten steel on to a white-hot foundation plate of iron", while in the other technique "a thin steel surface plate was cemented on to the wrought-iron foundation by running in molten steel between".[8][9]

When Charles Cammell & Co. and Laird Brothers amalgamated in 1903, Wilson was chairman of the former. At that time he stated that Cammell & Co., in the armour plate business, did well to join a shipbuilder.[10]

Baronetcy

The Wilson baronetcy, of Archer House in the County of York, was created in the Baronetage of the United Kingdom on 26 August 1897 for Alexander Wilson. He had married in 1866 Edith Hester Vickers, second daughter of Henry Vickers, but left no issue, and the title became extinct on his death in 1907.[11][12]

Notes

  1. ^ a b "Wilson, Sir Alexander". Who's Who. A & C Black. (Subscription or UK public library membership required.)
  2. ^ Tweedale, Geoffrey. "Cammell, Charles (1810–1879)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography (online ed.). Oxford University Press. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/46804. (Subscription, Wikipedia Library access or UK public library membership required.)
  3. ^ Iron and Steel Institute (1885). Journal of the Iron and Steel Institute. p. 541.
  4. ^ a b Warren, Kenneth (1 January 1998). >?id=8tah1UsceYkC&pg=PA16 Steel, Ships and Men: Cammell Laird, 1824-1993. Liverpool University Press. p. 16. ISBN 978-0-85323-922-2.
  5. ^ Transactions of the Institution of Naval Architects. 1864. p. 68.
  6. ^ Journal of the Royal United Service Institution, Whitehall Yard. W. Mitchell. 1865. p. 79.
  7. ^ Institution of Civil Engineers (Great Britain) (1889). Minutes of Proceedings of the Institution of Civil Engineers. Institution of Civil Engineers. p. 54.
  8. ^ Morgan's British Trade Journal and Export Price Current. 1880. p. 5.
  9. ^ Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Armour Plates" . Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 2 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press.
  10. ^ "The Cammell-Laird Amalgamation". Financial News. 13 October 1903. p. 5.
  11. ^ Burke, Bernard (1903). Ashworth P. Burke (ed.). A Genealogical and Heraldic Dictionary of the Peerage and Baronetage, the Privy Council, Knightage and Companionage (65th ed.). London: Harrison and Sons. p. 1602.
  12. ^ Burke, Bernard; Burke, Ashworth Peter (1910). A Genealogical and Heraldic History of the Peerage and Baronetage, the Privy Council, Knightage and Companionage. Harrison & Sons. p. 1905.
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