2022 Dutch municipal elections

2022 Dutch municipal elections
16 March 2022

Municipal elections were held on 16 March 2022 in 333 municipalities in the Netherlands. This election determined the composition of the municipal councils for the following four years.[1]

Background

In the previous municipal elections, local political parties won by far the most votes and seats. Nationally, all local political parties won a total of 29% of the votes and around a third of municipal council seats.[2] Local parties have seen a steady rise since the 1990s and in Vlieland there are only local parties that participate.[3]

Of all national political parties, the Christian Democratic Appeal (CDA) will contest the most municipal elections; the party will be on the ballot in all but five (Diemen, Ouder-Amstel, Rozendaal, Vlieland and Schiermonnikoog). The People's Party for Freedom and Democracy (VVD) comes in second, contesting in 317 elections, while Democrats 66 participates in 289 elections. The Labour Party (PvdA) will participate in 303 elections, and GroenLinks in 229, many of which are joint lists between the two parties. Meanwhile, the ChristianUnion runs in 175 and the Reformed Political Party (SGP) in 96, with these parties also having many joint lists. The Socialist Party participates in 86, Forum for Democracy (FvD), which had previously only participated in Amsterdam, has expanded significantly to participate in 50 elections. The Party for Freedom (PVV) participates in 31, Party for the Animals (PvdD) in 30, DENK in 20, 50PLUS in 19 and BIJ1 in 5. There are also 3 national parties participating for the first time in municipal elections, BvNL in 20 municipalities, Volt in 10, and JA21 only in Amsterdam.[3]

Twelve municipalities did not have elections on 16 March due to mergers.

Electoral system

Municipal councils are elected using party-list proportional representation. The number of seats depends on the population of the municipality, ranging from nine seats for municipalities with a population below 3,000, to 45 seats for municipalities with a population over 200,000. All people above the age of 18, who are registered in a municipality, and have not been excluded from voting following a court's decision are eligible to vote. Dutch citizenship is not required to be eligible to vote for municipal elections, non-EU nationals who have legally resided in the Netherlands for at least five years and EU citizens are also eligible to vote.[4]

National

Opinion polling

Polling firm Release
date 		Sample
size 		Local VVD CDA D66 GL PvdA SP CU SGP PVV PvdD DENK 50+ FvD BIJ1 Volt JA21 Others Lead Ref.
I&O Research 10 Mar 2022 1,495 35.4% 11.2% 6.8% 7.5% 7.8% 7.4% 3.6% 3.8% 2.9% 3.3% 3.6% 0.9% 1.1% 1.3% 0.5% 1.5% 0.6% 0.4% 24.2% [5]
I&O Research 18 Feb 2022 1,444 33.0% 12.7% 6.0% 7.6% 7.3% 6.4% 3.6% 3.9% 2.9% 4.5% 3.6% 1.1% 0.7% 1.4% 0.9% 1.9% 2.6% 0.0% 20.3% [6]
I&O Research 31 Jan 2022 1,444 31.8% 12.3% 5.2% 7.2% 7.3% 6.0% 3.0% 3.3% 3.0% 6.3% 4.0% 1.3% 1.1% 2.5% 0.9% 2.6% 2.2% 0.0% 19.5% [7]
2018 election 21 Mar 2018 – 28.7% 13.5% 13.4% 9.2% 8.9% 7.5% 4.4% 3.8% 1.9% 1.4% 1.2% 1.0% 0.8% 0.3% 0.1% did not contest 4.6% 15.2%

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Local parties2,134,96530.952,988+377
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy807,08511.701,000–131
Christian Democratic Appeal773,39911.211,105–240
Democrats 66607,3538.81620+18
GroenLinks585,6738.49546+19
Labour Party541,1407.85560+11
Christian Union268,7943.90305+2
Socialist Party192,1322.79173–112
Reformed Political Party158,7812.30229+56
Party for the Animals135,5871.9763+33
GroenLinks–PvdA99,4721.44164+50
Forum for Democracy76,7501.1150+47
CU-SGP74,1881.08101–6
Denk67,9820.99240
Party for Freedom62,5590.9161–14
Volt51,8230.7520New
Farmer–Citizen Movement43,8920.6459New
50PLUS43,5170.6324–9
BIJ140,3320.588+7
Frisian National Party36,2000.5249+27
BVNL21,4470.3117New
JA2113,6910.202New
D66–GL–PvdA12,5150.1826–17
Party for the Elderly and Safety10,1040.1511New
D66–GL6,9360.1012–2
Party for the North5,8290.085New
D66–PvdA4,0430.064–1
Jesus Lives3,8930.0600
Pirate Party3,2510.051+1
General Elderly Alliance3,2170.054-5
LEF - For the New Generation2,4660.040New
Heart for Freedom2,3340.031New
BBB–TROTS2,1520.031New
Trots op Nederland1,4220.022-1
D66–GL–PvdA–SP1,2400.022–8
The Party Party9120.010New
Total6,897,076100.008,237–
Valid votes6,897,07699.47
Invalid/blank votes37,0850.53
Total votes6,934,161100.00
Registered voters/turnout13,599,70050.99
Source: Kiesraad[8]

Amsterdam

See also: Government of Amsterdam

Opinion polling

Polling firm Date GL D66 VVD PvdA SP PvdD DENK FvD CDA PvdO [a] CU BIJ1 JA21 Volt Lead Ref.
OIS 13 Mar 2022 7 7 4 7 2 4 2 1 1 0 1 2 4 3 Tied [9]
I&O Research 5 Mar 2022 8 8 4 6 3 4 2 1 0 1 0 3 2 3 Tied [10]
Peil.nl 22 Feb 2022 5/6 8 6 5/6 2 4 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 2 [11]
OIS 5 Feb 2022 7 6 4 5 2 4 2 1 1 1 1 2 4 6 1 [12]
I&O Research 31 Jan 2022 8 8 5 5 2 4 2 2 0 0 0 3 2 4 Tied [13]
Peil.nl 18 Jan 2022 5 8 5 5 2 4 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 5 3 [14]
2018 election 21 Mar 2018 10 8 6 5 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 did not contest 2

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Labour Party57,09317.579+4
GroenLinks48,09614.808–2
Democrats 6644,73213.777–1
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy34,18010.525–1
Amsterdam BIJ122,6236.963+2
Party for the Animals22,0316.7830
Volt14,0434.322New
Socialist Party14,0364.322–1
JA2113,6914.212New
DENK13,0394.012–1
Christian Democratic Appeal8,2702.5510
Forum for Democracy6,6882.061–2
Other parties26,3478.110–2
Total324,869100.0045–
Valid votes324,86999.11
Invalid/blank votes2,9240.89
Total votes327,793100.00
Registered voters/turnout703,71446.58
Source: Kiesraad[15]

Rotterdam

See also: Government of Rotterdam

Opinion polling

Polling firm Date LR VVD D66 GL PvdA DENK SP CDA PvdD 50+ CU BIJ1 FvD Volt S010 Lead Ref.
Peil.nl 6 Mar 2022 13 5 6 4 3 4 1 1 2 0 1 2 1 2 0 7 [16]
Peil.nl 22 Feb 2022 13 5 6 3 3 3 1 1 2 0 1 2 1 3 1 7 [17]
2018 election 21 Mar 2018 11 5 5 5 5 4 2 2 1 1 1[b] did not contest 6

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Livable Rotterdam39,97220.0810-1
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy22,41011.266+1
GroenLinks19,8069.9550
Democrats 6619,7619.9350
Labour Party17,1138.604–1
DENK15,6127.8440
Volt10,3655.212New
Party for the Animals8,5524.302+1
BIJ18,2054.122New
50PLUS7,2163.6310
Christian Union6,8223.431New
Socialist Party5,7662.901–1
Christian Democratic Appeal5,7492.891–1
Forum for Democracy4,6372.331New
Other parties7,0533.540–4
Total199,039100.0045–
Valid votes199,03998.93
Invalid/blank votes2,1611.07
Total votes201,200100.00
Registered voters/turnout516,98638.92
Source: Kiesraad[18]

The Hague

Opinion polling

Polling firm Date HvDH VVD D66 GL CDA PvdA HSP PvdD PVV CU–SGP SP 50+ FvD Denk Lead Ref.
I&O Research 8 Mar 2022 9 5 7 5 2 4 2 4 3 1 1 0 0 2 2 [19]
I&O Research 8 Feb 2022 9 6 6 5 1 5 2 3 2 1 2 0 0 3 3 [19]
Peil.nl 18 Jan 2022 11 7 7 4 2 3 1 3 2 1 1 0 1 2 4 [20]
2018 election 21 Mar 2018 8 7 6 5 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 did not contest 1

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
Hart voor Den Haag30,98816.979+1
Democrats 6627,93715.308+2
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy24,29813.3070
GroenLinks18,2239.9850
Party for the Animals12,3636.773+1
Labour Party11,7646.4430
Christian Democratic Appeal11,4556.2730
Denk10,2225.602New
Haagse Stadspartij6,4713.541–2
Socialist Party5,3372.9210
Party for Freedom5,3242.921–1
Christian Union – Reformed Political Party4,9712.7210
Forum for Democracy3,8962.131New
Other parties9,3805.140–4
Total182,629100.0045–
Valid votes182,62999.20
Invalid/blank votes1,4650.80
Total votes184,094100.00
Registered voters/turnout428,13743.00
Source: Kiesraad[21]

Utrecht

Opinion polling

Polling firm Date GL D66 VVD PvdA CDA PvdD DENK CU S&S SP PVV SBU [c] BIJ1 Volt FvD Lead Ref.
I&O Research 5 Mar 2022 9 8 6 3 1 4 3 1 0 1 2 1 2 4 0 1 [10]
Peil.nl 24 Feb 2022 7 8 6 3 1 3 3 2 2 0/1 2 2 0/1 4 1 1 [22]
2018 election 21 Mar 2018 12 10 6 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 did not contest 2

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
GroenLinks29,11018.499–3
Democrats 6625,62816.288–2
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy14,8569.445–1
Labour Party12,4607.914+1
Christian Democratic Appeal11,1177.063+1
Party for the Animals10,1246.433+1
Volt8,8965.653New
Student & Starter8,5465.4320
Christian Union6,0343.8320
DENK5,5253.511–1
BIJ15,3983.431New
OneUtrecht4,3832.781New
Socialist Party3,9452.511–1
City Interest Utrecht3,4322.1810
Party for Freedom3,3852.1510
Other parties4,5862.9100
Total157,425100.0045–
Valid votes157,42599.59
Invalid/blank votes6450.41
Total votes158,070100.00
Registered voters/turnout280,57756.34
Source: Kiesraad[23]

Groningen

Opinion polling

Polling firm Date GL PvdA D66 SP VVD CU PvdD CDA SP100G [d] S&S PVV PvhN Lead Ref.
I&O Research 5 Mar 2022 8 5 9 3 5 3 4 1 4 0 2 1 1 [10]
2018 reorganisation election 21 Nov 2018 11 6 5 5 4 3 3 2 4[e] 1 1 did not contest 5

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
GroenLinks18,66917.769–2
Labour Party12,43411.8360
Democrats 6610,98610.4550
Party for the Animals9,7309.264+1
City Party 100% for Groningen9,6899.2240
Socialist Party8,6318.214–1
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy7,8607.483–1
Student en Stad6,6076.293+2
Christian Union5,3445.082–1
Christian Democratic Appeal5,2434.9920
Party for the North4,2824.072New
Party for Freedom2,2342.1310
Other parties3,4013.2400
Total105,110100.0045–
Valid votes105,11099.59
Invalid/blank votes4370.41
Total votes105,547100.00
Registered voters/turnout194,11354.37
Source: Kiesraad[24]

Nijmegen

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
GroenLinks16,14920.369–2
City Party Nijmegen12,87316.237+4
Democrats 6610,66413.4560
Labour Party8,35210.534+1
Party for the Animals7,7269.744+2
Socialist Party7,0438.883–2
People's Party for Freedom and Democracy6,1847.803–1
Christian Democratic Appeal3,5624.4920
Just Nijmegen.NOW2,7133.421–1
Other parties4,0365.090–1
Total79,302100.0039–
Valid votes79,30299.53
Invalid/blank votes3770.47
Total votes79,679100.00
Registered voters/turnout147,17454.14
Source: Kiesraad[25]

Eindhoven

Results

PartyVotes%Seats+/–
GroenLinks14,36718.519+2
CDA9,23211.8960
VVD8,95111.536-1
Labour Party8,39010.815-1
Democrats 667,5209.695-1
Socialist Party4,5845.903-1
Volt4,3485.603New
Ouderen Appèl – Hart voor Eindhoven4,3255.573+1
Party for the Animals3,6334.682New
Lijst Pim Fortuyn Eindhoven2,6313.391-1
Forum for Democracy2,3242.991New
50PLUS1,7742.291-1
DENK1,4321.840-1
Christian Union1,4081.810-1
Other parties2,7153.500–
Total77,634100.0045–
Valid votes77,63499.47
Invalid/blank votes4110.53
Total votes78,045100.00
Registered voters/turnout186,93841.75
Source: Kiesraad[26]

Notes

  1. ^ Party for the Elderly
  2. ^ contested as CU-SGP
  3. ^ City Interest Utrecht
  4. ^ City Party 100% For Groningen
  5. ^ contested as 100G, SSO and Sport Party

References

  1. ^ "Gemeenteraden". Kiesraad.nl (in Dutch). 16 April 2018. Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  2. ^ "Gemeenteraad 21 maart 2018". Verkiezingsuitslagen (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  3. ^ a b "PvdA en SP in minder gemeenten op stembiljet CDA vrijwel overal". BNR (in Dutch). Retrieved 22 February 2022.
  4. ^ "Kiesgerechtigheid". Kiesraad (in Dutch). 22 April 2016. Retrieved 29 March 2022.
  5. ^ "I&O-slotpeiling: gezamenlijke lokale partijen groeien door". Ipsos I&O Publiek (in Dutch). 2022-03-10. Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  6. ^ Wiegman, Sandra (2022-02-18). "CDA verliest lokaal door teleurstelling over landelijk optreden". Ipsos I&O Publiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  7. ^ "Gemeenteraadsverkiezingen 2022: groot arsenaal dolende kiezers". Ipsos I&O Publiek (in Dutch). 2022-01-31. Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  8. ^ "Kiesraad - Verkiezingsuitslagen".
  9. ^ "PvdA lijkt in Amsterdam bezig aan herrijzing in laatste peiling" (in Dutch). 13 March 2022. Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  10. ^ a b c Wiegman, Sandra (2022-03-05). "D66 en GroenLinks strijden om de macht in Amsterdam, Utrecht en Groningen". Ipsos I&O Publiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  11. ^ "Volt duikelt in nieuwe peiling | Binnenland | Telegraaf.nl". www.telegraaf.nl (in Dutch). 2022-02-22. Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  12. ^ "Peiling: GroenLinks nipt de grootste, grote winst Volt en JA21". openresearch.amsterdam (in Dutch). 2022-05-28. Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  13. ^ Engeland, Wietse van (2022-01-31). "Slag om Amsterdam: vier partijen kunnen grootste worden". Ipsos I&O Publiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  14. ^ Koops, Ruben (2022-01-18). "GroenLinks gehalveerd als Amsterdam nu een gemeenteraad zou kiezen, Volt lijkt de grote winnaar". Het Parool (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-10-08.
  15. ^ "Kiesraad - Verkiezingsuitslagen".
  16. ^ Groenendijk, Peter (2022-03-06). "Leefbaar Rotterdam opnieuw ruim de grootste in peiling". AD.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-10-08.
  17. ^ Groenendijk, Peter (2022-02-22). "Peiling: Leefbaar Rotterdam veruit de grootste, D66 tweede partij". AD.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-10-08.
  18. ^ "Kiesraad - Verkiezingsuitslagen".
  19. ^ a b Therese (2022-03-08). "Hart voor Den Haag blijft aan kop in Den Haag". Ipsos I&O Publiek (in Dutch). Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  20. ^ "Peiling: Hart voor Den Haag weer grootste partij, D66 tweede". voorburgsdagblad.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2024-11-13.
  21. ^ "Kiesraad - Verkiezingsuitslagen".
  22. ^ Hoekstra, Diane (2022-02-24). "D66 Utrecht op kop in eerste peiling, op voet gevolgd door GroenLinks: 'Een beginstand, géén eindstand'". AD.nl (in Dutch). Retrieved 2025-10-08.
  23. ^ "Kiesraad - Verkiezingsuitslagen".
  24. ^ "Kiesraad - Verkiezingsuitslagen".
  25. ^ "Kiesraad - Verkiezingsuitslagen".
  26. ^ "Kiesraad - Verkiezingsuitslagen".
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