Zhang Ti
Zhang Ti | |
|---|---|
| 張悌 | |
| Imperial Chancellor (丞相) | |
| In office September or October 279 – 280 | |
| Monarch | Sun Hao |
| Preceded by | Lu Kai and Wan Yu |
| Military Adviser (軍師) | |
| In office c. 270s – September or October 279 | |
| Monarch | Sun Hao |
| Colonel of the Garrison Cavalry (屯騎校尉) | |
| In office ?–? | |
| Monarch | Sun Xiu |
| Personal details | |
| Born | Unknown |
| Died | 280 |
| Occupation | Official |
| Courtesy name | Juxian (巨先) |
| Peerage | Marquis of Shandu (山都侯) |
Zhang Ti (died 4 April 280[1]), courtesy name Juxian, was an official of the state of Eastern Wu during the late Three Kingdoms period (220–280) of China. He was the last Imperial Chancellor of Wu. In 280, when the Jin dynasty invaded Wu as part of its strategy to reunify China under Jin rule, Zhang Ti led the Wu forces into battle to resist the Jin invasion. He was killed in action during a battle around present-day He and Dangtu counties in Anhui. Less than a month after Zhang's death, the Wu emperor Sun Hao surrendered to the Jin dynasty, thus bringing an end to the existence of Wu and the Three Kingdoms period.
Life
Zhang Ti's first appearance in historical records was during the Conquest of Shu by Wei. At the time, many people in Wu thought that the expedition would end in failure, as the Sima regents of Cao Wei (Sima Yi, Sima Shi and Sima Zhao) did not have the support of the masses. However, Zhang Ti had the opposite view: he thought that it was the Cao clan (Cao Cao, Cao Pi and Cao Rui) who did not have the support of the masses. The masses feared the might of Cao Cao, while Cao Pi and Cao Rui were cruel and engaged in massive construction projects. Zhang pointed out that the Three Rebellions in Shouchun did not stir further rebellions in the Wei heartlands; when Cao Mao was assassinated, there were also no major disturbances in Wei. On the other hand, it was Shu Han that was on its last legs. In the worst-case scenario, Wei could always try again if they failed this time round. While the people of Wu laughed at his words, Shu did eventually surrender to Wei.[2]
See also
References
- ^ yihai day of the 2nd month of the 1st year of the Taikang era, per Emperor Wu's biography in Book of Jin
- ^ (魏伐蜀，吴人问悌曰：“司马氏得政以来，大难屡作，智力虽丰，而百姓未服也。今又竭其资力，远征巴蜀，兵劳民疲而不知恤，败于不暇，何以能济？昔夫差伐齐，非不克胜，所以危亡，不忧其本也，况彼之争地乎！”悌曰：“不然。曹操虽功盖中夏，威震四海，崇诈杖术，征伐无已，民畏其威，而不怀其德也。丕、叡承之，系以惨虐，内兴宫室，外惧雄豪，东西驱驰，无岁获安，彼之失民，为日久矣。司马懿父子，自握其柄，累有大功，除其烦苛而布其平惠，为之谋主而救其疾，民心归之，亦已久矣。故淮南三叛而腹心不扰，曹髦之死，四方不动，摧坚敌如折枯，荡异同如反掌，任贤使能，各尽其心，非智勇兼人，孰能如之？其威武张矣，本根固矣，群情服矣，奸计立矣。今蜀阉宦专朝，国无政令，而玩戎黩武，民劳卒弊，竞于外利，不修守备。彼彊弱不同，智筭亦胜，因危而伐，殆其克乎！若其不克，不过无功，终无退北之忧，覆军之虑也，何为不可哉？昔楚剑利而秦昭惧，孟明用而晋人忧，彼之得志，故我之大患也。”吴人笑其言，而蜀果降于魏。) Xiangyang Ji annotation in Sanguozhi, vol.48
- Chen, Shou (3rd century). Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi).
- Pei, Songzhi (5th century). Annotated Records of the Three Kingdoms (Sanguozhi zhu).
- Sima, Guang (1084). Zizhi Tongjian.