Yuanshan Subdistrict

For other uses, see Yuanshan.
Yuanshan Subdistrict
园山街道
Subdistrict
Yuanshan Subdistrict headquarters
Interactive map of Yuanshan Subdistrict
Coordinates: 22°40′N 114°13′E / 22.66°N 114.22°E / 22.66; 114.22
CountryPeople's Republic of China
ProvinceGuangdong
Sub-provincial cityShenzhen
DistrictLonggang District
Established2016-12-26
Area
[1]
 • Total
46.69 km2 (18.03 sq mi)
Population
 (2020 Census)[2]
 • Total
249,032
 • Estimate 
(2024-12-31)[3]
253,405
 • Density5,334/km2 (13,810/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+8 (China Standard)
Postal code
518100
Area code0755
WebsiteOfficial website

Yuanshan Subdistrict (Chinese: 园山街道; pinyin: Yuánshān jiēdào) is a subdistrict of Longgang District in the eastern part of Shenzhen, China.

Geography

Yuanshan Subdistrict is located in the central part of Longgang District. It borders the subdistricts of Pinghu, Baolong, and Henggang in Longgang District to the northeast, north and west respectively, as well as the districts of Luohu, Shenzhen, Yantian and Pingshan to the southwest, southeast and east respectively. It covers an area of 46.69 square kilometres (18.03 sq mi).[1]

Wutongshan, Shenzhen's highest peak, is located just outside the southern tip of the subdistrict. Wutongshan was designated a National Forest Park in 1984,[4] and a National Scenic and Historic Interest Area in 2009.[5] Yuanshan Forest Park is located in the eastern part of the subdistrict, covering an area of 10.9 square kilometres (4.2 sq mi).[1][6][7]

The headwaters of Longgang River, Shenzhen's second largest river, are located in Yuanshan on the northern slopes of Wutongshan. It flows into the Danshui River in Huiyang, which in turn empties into the Xizhi River south of that river's confluence with the Dong River in Huizhou.[8]

History

Two archaeological sites have been found at Xikeng in the southern part of Yuanshan Subdistrict: the Shidulong (Chinese: 石肚龙) site dating to the Western Zhou and Eastern Zhou periods, and the Leigongkeng (Chinese: 雷公坑) site dating to the Eastern Zhou period.[9] The first documented resident in the area is Chen Kangshi (Chinese: 陈康适, 1160–1185), a salt official who founded the village of He'ao (Chinese: 荷坳) in the Chunxi era of the Southern Song dynasty. He'ao is the oldest village in Yuanshan Subdistrict that still survives today.[10]

Hakka people migrated to the Longgang area during the reign of Kangxi, after the rescinding of the Great Clearance edicts, and became the majority ethnic group in the area.[11] The local economy was traditionally agricultural, primarily producing rice, peanuts, longan and lychee, along with some tubers and sugarcane.[9] Wilhelm Lobscheid of the Rhenish Missionary Society visited He'ao in 1855.[10]

In He'ao, electricity became available in the 1950s, telephone service in 1957, and running water in the early 1960s. A coal mine operated in He'ao from 1959 to 1975.[12] The local villages started building factories for rent in the mid-1980s after Shenzhen became a special economic zone.[9] The Shenmao cement factory (Chinese: 深茂水泥厂) operated in the village of Dakang from 1984 to 1998, exploiting a nearby limestone deposit.[12][13]

Yuanshan Subdistrict was created at the end of 2016, when it was separated from Henggang Subdistrict.[14]

Administration

Yuanshan Subdistrict is divided into the six residential communities (Chinese: 社区; pinyin: shèqū) of Anliang (Chinese: 安良), Bao'an (Chinese: 保安), Dakang (Chinese: 大康), He'ao (Chinese: 荷坳), Xikeng (Chinese: 西坑) and Yinhe (Chinese: 银荷).[1]

Demographics

Yuanshan Subdistrict recorded a population of 249,032 in the 2020 Chinese census.[2] At the end of 2024 its population was estimated at 253,405, of which the residential hukou population totalled an estimated 36,581.[3]

Economy

Manufacturing in Yuanshan Subdistrict has grown beyond the area's original strengths in the eyewear, jewellery, plastics and printing industries, and into its present focus on ICT devices. Since 2014, Longgang District has been building an industrial park named Apollo Future Industry City in Yuanshan, focusing on emerging technologies such as artificial intelligence, electric vehicles, low-altitude flight (i.e., UAVs), and smartglasses.[1][15][16]

Infrastructure

Yuanshan Subdistrict is served by Line 3, Line 14, and Line 16 of the Shenzhen Metro. These three subway lines interchange at Universiade station, where the Shenzhen–Dayawan intercity railway currently under construction will also have a stop; and this hub will anchor transit-oriented development in the area.[1][17] The Hangzhou–Fuzhou–Shenzhen railway and the freight-only Pingyan railway also run through Yuanshan, although only the latter has a station in the subdistrict at Xikeng.

Yuanshan is served by several expressways:[1]

China National Highway 205 (i.e., Longgang Boulevard) also runs through the subdistrict.

The lower reservoir of the Shenzhen Pumped Storage Power Station (Chinese: 深圳抽水蓄能电站), operational since September 2018, is located in the subdistrict.[18]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g 街道简介 [Introduction to the Subdistrict] (in Chinese). People's Government of Longgang District. Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  2. ^ a b Brinkhoff, Thomas (2024-04-30). "China: Northern Pearl River Delta Agglomeration". City Population. Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  3. ^ a b "龙岗区2024年国民经济和社会发展统计公报". Longgang District Bureau of Statistics. 2025-06-06. Retrieved 2025-02-02.
  4. ^ Yin Xiangwu (2006-03-06). “国森公园片区”论：重污蚕食现住地·退隐山林居返祖. BANQ.cn (in Chinese). Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  5. ^ 深圳市梧桐山风景名胜区 [Shenzhen Wutongshan Area of Scenic and Historic Interest] (in Chinese). People's Government of Shenzhen. Retrieved 2026-02-03.
  6. ^ "Yuanshan Scenic Area". People's Government of Shenzhen. Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  7. ^ Duan, Wenjun; Wang, Cheng; Pei, Nancai; Zhang, Chang; Gu, Lin; Jiang, Shasha; Hao, Zezhou; Xu, Xinhui (2019). "Spatiotemporal Ozone Level Variation in Urban Forests in Shenzhen, China". Forests. 10 (3) 247. doi:10.3390/f10030247.
  8. ^ Zhang, Xupo; Cheng, Gong; Xu, Shengjun; Bi, Yeliang; Jiang, Cancan; Ma, Shuanglong; Wang, Dongsheng; Zhuang, Xuliang (2023). "Temporal and spatial changes of water quality in intensively developed urban rivers and water environment improvement: a case study of the Longgang River in Shenzhen, China". Environmental Science and Pollution Research. 30: 99454–99472. doi:10.1007/s11356-023-28995-8.
  9. ^ a b c "Héng gǎng jiēdào: gàishù" 横岗街道·概述 [Henggang Subdistrict: Overview] (PDF). Shēnzhèn cūnluò gàilǎn: lónggǎng juǎn 深圳村落概览·龙岗卷 [Overview of Villages in Shenzhen: Longgang Volume] (2nd ed.). South China University of Technology Press. 2020. p. 310. ISBN 978-7-5623-6576-1.
  10. ^ a b Yin Meng (2020-12-11). 扎根龙岗八百余年，这座古村藏着不少人的记忆 (in Chinese). 龙岗融媒. Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  11. ^ "Shèhuì: gàishù" 社会·概述 [Society: Overview] (PDF). Shēnzhèn shì lónggǎng qū zhì xià cè 深圳市龙岗区志下册 [Gazetteer of Longgang District, Shenzhen, volume 2]. Publishing House of Local Records. December 2012. p. 878. ISBN 978-7-5144-0475-3.
  12. ^ a b Liu Fangyuan, ed. (2014). "Kuàngchǎn zīyuán" 矿产资源 [Mineral Resources] (PDF). Shēnzhèn shì zhì: Jīchǔ jiànshè juǎn 深圳市志·基础建设卷 [Gazetteer of Shenzhen: Infrastructure Volume]. Publishing House of Local Records. p. 241. ISBN 978-7-5144-1216-1.
  13. ^ Yi Zhouzi (October 2015). 某地下采空区稳定性的勘察与评价 [Stability Investigation and Evaluation of Underground Mined Area]. 城市勘测 [Urban Geotechnical Investigation & Surveying] (5): 172–176.
  14. ^ 龙岗区新设吉华、园山、宝龙街道. Shenzhen Evening News (in Chinese). 2026-12-27. p. A03. Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  15. ^ Zheng Tingting (2022-11-08). 走读龙岗｜阿波罗未来产业城进阶之路：从产业集聚到产城融合. Nanfang Daily (in Chinese). Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  16. ^ 做强“五智”优势产业！园山街道擘画经济高质量发展新蓝图 (in Chinese). People's Government of Longgang District. Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  17. ^ "Comprehensive Transportation Hub at Universiade Station". LWK & Partners. Retrieved 2026-02-02.
  18. ^ 深圳抽水蓄能电站全面投产 支撑粤港澳大湾区绿色发展 (in Chinese). China News Service. 2018-09-25. Retrieved 2026-02-02.
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