Wu Xinyu

Wu Xinyu
Chinese: 武新宇
Vice Chairperson and Secretary-General of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the National People's Congress
Personal details
Born1906 (1906)
Yanggao County, Shanxi, China
DiedSeptember 3, 1989(1989-09-03) (aged 82–83)
EducationPeking Normal University
OccupationRevolutionary, jurist, politician

Wu Xinyu (Chinese: 武新宇; 1906 – September 3, 1989), also known as Wu Jie (Chinese: 武杰) and Wu Hansan (Chinese: 武汉三), was a Chinese revolutionary, jurist, and political leader. A long-standing member of the Chinese Communist Party, he was regarded as one of the outstanding leaders on China's political and legal front. He served as Vice Chairperson and Secretary-General of the Legislative Affairs Commission of the National People's Congress (NPC) and played an important role in the development of the legal system of the People's Republic of China.[1]

Biography

Wu was born in 1906 in Yanggao County, Shanxi. In 1923, he was admitted to Peking Normal University, where he became active in progressive student movements during the period of the First United Front. He joined the Communist Youth League in 1925 and later became a member of the Chinese Communist Party. During his student years, he participated in organizing student associations and publishing activities aimed at promoting anti-imperialist and anti-feudal ideas.[2]

In the years leading up to the outbreak of the Second Sino-Japanese War in 1937, Wu was engaged in cultural and educational activities in areas under Kuomintang rule, often using teaching positions as cover for underground revolutionary work. After the Mukden Incident in 1931, he actively supported student protests against Japanese aggression. During the December 9th Movement of 1935, he worked with other activists to organize anti-Japanese associations among students from Shanxi and Suiyuan in Beijing, contributing to the broader national salvation movement.[3]

Following the outbreak of full-scale war with Japan, Wu took part in the work of the National Revolutionary War Mobilization Committee in the Second War Zone. In 1938, he was appointed director of the Suiyuan Border Region Working Committee and secretary of the Party's Daqingshan Special Committee, participating in the establishment of the Daqingshan anti-Japanese guerrilla base area in Inner Mongolia. Under extremely harsh conditions, he contributed to mobilizing local populations, including Mongolian communities, and strengthening united front policies in the region.[4][5]

In 1939, Wu returned to Yan'an, where he worked as a secretary in the office of Mao Zedong. He later served in senior positions in the Jinsui Border Region, including as deputy head of the Jinsui Administrative Office and member of the Standing Committee of the CPC Jinsui Sub-bureau.[6] He played a key role in organizing the Provisional Senate of Northwest Shanxi in 1942 and implementing the Party's “Three-Three System” of political representation, thereby strengthening democratic governance in the anti-Japanese base areas.[7]

During the Chinese Civil War, Wu served as secretary of the CPC Jinnan Working Committee and head of the Jinnan Administrative Office, supporting military operations in northwest China through mobilization of personnel and resources.[8]

After the founding of the People's Republic of China in 1949, Wu held several senior governmental and legislative posts. He served as Vice Minister of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and later as Secretary-General of the Political and Legal Committee of the State Council of the People's Republic of China.[9] Following the establishment of the first National People's Congress in 1954, he transferred to work under the NPC Standing Committee. He was elected as a deputy to the first through fifth National People's Congresses and served as a member of the NPC Standing Committee from the second to the fifth sessions. He also served as Vice Chairperson of the NPC Bills Committee and as Vice Secretary-General of the NPC Standing Committee.[10]

Wu was deeply involved in China's legislative development, including the drafting of the Criminal Law adopted in 1979. He emphasized grounding legislation in China's practical conditions while drawing cautiously on foreign legal experience.[11] After the Third Plenum of the 11th Central Committee, he served as Vice Chairperson and Secretary-General of the NPC Legislative Affairs Commission, contributing to the acceleration of socialist legal construction.[12]

In 1983, due to age and health reasons, Wu stepped down from leading posts and was appointed as an adviser to the Chairman's Council of the NPC Standing Committee. He was also elected as a member of the Central Advisory Commission and served as the first president of the China Law Society. Wu Xinyu died in Beijing on September 3, 1989.[13]

References

  1. ^ 辛亥以来人物年里录 (in Chinese). 江苏教育出版社. 1994. p. 622. ISBN 978-7-5343-2076-7. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  2. ^ 阳高人物志 (in Chinese). 航空工业出版社. 1995. p. 87. ISBN 978-7-80046-967-1. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  3. ^ 山西省史志研究院 (2001). 山西通志: 人物志. 第四十八卷. 山西通志 (in Chinese). 中华书局. p. 655. ISBN 978-7-101-02011-3. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  4. ^ 山西省史志研究院 (2001). 山西大典. 山西大典 (in Chinese). 中华书局. p. 1136. ISBN 978-7-101-02285-8. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  5. ^ 大青山武装抗日斗争史略 (in Chinese). 內蒙古人民出版社. 1984. p. 124. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  6. ^ 北京革命史简明词典 (in Chinese). 北京出版社. 1992. p. 294. ISBN 978-7-200-01763-2. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  7. ^ 盛平 (1991). 中国共产党历史大辞典 (in Chinese). 中国国际广播出版社. p. 743. ISBN 978-7-80035-874-6. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  8. ^ 中共党员大辞典 (in Chinese). 华龄出版社. 1991. p. 652. ISBN 978-7-80082-017-5. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  9. ^ 中国近现代史大典 (in Chinese). 中共党史出版社. 1992. p. 1034. ISBN 978-7-80023-476-7. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  10. ^ 曹义孙 (2009). 三十年中国法学教育大事记(1978-2008) (in Chinese). 中国政法大学出版社. p. 26. ISBN 978-7-5620-3487-2. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  11. ^ 中国当代名人录 (in Chinese). 上海人民出版社. 1991. p. 548. ISBN 978-7-208-01198-4. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  12. ^ 中国共产党人名大辞典 (in Chinese). 中国国际广播出版社. 1991. p. 479. ISBN 978-7-80035-873-9. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
  13. ^ 周家珍 (2000). 20世纪中华人物名字号辞典 (in Chinese). 法律出版社. p. 893. ISBN 978-7-5036-2832-0. Retrieved 2026-03-04.
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