UK-5099

UK-5099
Clinical data
Other names	UK5099; JXL001; JXL-001; 2-Cyano-3-(1-phenylindol-3-yl)acrylate; 2-CPIYA
Drug class	Mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibitor
ATC code	None;
Identifiers
	IUPAC name (E)-2-cyano-3-(1-phenylindol-3-yl)prop-2-enoic acid;
CAS Number	56396-35-1;
PubChem CID	6438504;
ChemSpider	4942974;
ChEBI	CHEBI:232354;
ChEMBL	ChEMBL4303684;
ECHA InfoCard	100.221.617
Chemical and physical data
Formula	C18H12N2O2
Molar mass	288.306 g·mol−1
3D model (JSmol)	Interactive image;
	SMILES C1=CC=C(C=C1)N2C=C(C3=CC=CC=C32)/C=C(\C#N)/C(=O)O;
	InChI InChI=1S/C18H12N2O2/c19-11-13(18(21)22)10-14-12-20(15-6-2-1-3-7-15)17-9-5-4-8-16(14)17/h1-10,12H,(H,21,22)/b13-10+; Key:BIZNHCWFGNKBBZ-JLHYYAGUSA-N;

UK-5099, also known as JXL001 or as 2-cyano-3-(1-phenylindol-3-yl)acrylate (2-CPIYA), is a mitochondrial pyruvate carrier (MPC) inhibitor.^[1] It has been found to promote hair growth when administered topically to the skin in rodents.^[2]^[3] The drug was first described in the scientific literature by at least 1975.^[4]^[5] Analogues of UK-5099 like JXL069, JXL082, and PP405 have been developed.^[2]^[6]^[7]

References

^ Tavoulari S, Sichrovsky M, Kunji ER (August 2023). "Fifty years of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier: New insights into its structure, function, and inhibition". Acta Physiologica. 238 (4) e14016. doi:10.1111/apha.14016. PMC 10909473. PMID 37366179.
^ ^a ^b Liu X, Flores AA, Situ L, Gu W, Ding H, Christofk HR, et al. (February 2021). "Development of Novel Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier Inhibitors to Treat Hair Loss". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 64 (4): 2046–2063. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01570. PMC 8939290. PMID 33534563.
^ Flores A, Schell J, Krall AS, Jelinek D, Miranda M, Grigorian M, et al. (September 2017). "Lactate dehydrogenase activity drives hair follicle stem cell activation". Nature Cell Biology. 19 (9): 1017–1026. doi:10.1038/ncb3575. PMC 5657543. PMID 28812580.
^ Halestrap AP (April 1975). "The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier. Kinetics and specificity for substrates and inhibitors". The Biochemical Journal. 148 (1): 85–96. doi:10.1042/bj1480085. PMC 1165509. PMID 1156402.
^ Halestrap AP, Denton RM (April 1975). "The specificity and metabolic implications of the inhibition of pyruvate transport in isolated mitochondria and intact tissue preparations by alpha-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate and related compounds". The Biochemical Journal. 148 (1): 97–106. doi:10.1042/bj1480097. PMC 1165510. PMID 1171687.
^ Brown L (12 August 2025). "The Great Unbalding Draws Nearer". Intelligencer. Retrieved 23 October 2025.
^ Huang Y, Peng X, Zhang H, Pan M, Su X, Li G, et al. (November 2024). "Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel cyano-cinnamate derivatives as mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibitors". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 112 129923. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129923. PMID 39134097.

[Tavoulari_2023-1] Tavoulari S, Sichrovsky M, Kunji ER (August 2023). "Fifty years of the mitochondrial pyruvate carrier: New insights into its structure, function, and inhibition". Acta Physiologica. 238 (4) e14016. doi:10.1111/apha.14016. PMC 10909473. PMID 37366179.

[Liu_2021-2] Liu X, Flores AA, Situ L, Gu W, Ding H, Christofk HR, et al. (February 2021). "Development of Novel Mitochondrial Pyruvate Carrier Inhibitors to Treat Hair Loss". Journal of Medicinal Chemistry. 64 (4): 2046–2063. doi:10.1021/acs.jmedchem.0c01570. PMC 8939290. PMID 33534563.

[Flores_2017-3] Flores A, Schell J, Krall AS, Jelinek D, Miranda M, Grigorian M, et al. (September 2017). "Lactate dehydrogenase activity drives hair follicle stem cell activation". Nature Cell Biology. 19 (9): 1017–1026. doi:10.1038/ncb3575. PMC 5657543. PMID 28812580.

[Halestrap_1975-4] Halestrap AP (April 1975). "The mitochondrial pyruvate carrier. Kinetics and specificity for substrates and inhibitors". The Biochemical Journal. 148 (1): 85–96. doi:10.1042/bj1480085. PMC 1165509. PMID 1156402.

[Halestrap_1975a-5] Halestrap AP, Denton RM (April 1975). "The specificity and metabolic implications of the inhibition of pyruvate transport in isolated mitochondria and intact tissue preparations by alpha-Cyano-4-hydroxycinnamate and related compounds". The Biochemical Journal. 148 (1): 97–106. doi:10.1042/bj1480097. PMC 1165510. PMID 1171687.

[Brown_2025-6] Brown L (12 August 2025). "The Great Unbalding Draws Nearer". Intelligencer. Retrieved 23 October 2025.

[Huang_2024-7] Huang Y, Peng X, Zhang H, Pan M, Su X, Li G, et al. (November 2024). "Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of novel cyano-cinnamate derivatives as mitochondrial pyruvate carrier inhibitors". Bioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry Letters. 112 129923. doi:10.1016/j.bmcl.2024.129923. PMID 39134097.

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See also

References