Tulostoma
| Tulostoma | |
|---|---|
| Tulostoma kotlabae | |
| Tulostoma brumale | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Fungi |
| Division: | Basidiomycota |
| Class: | Agaricomycetes |
| Order: | Agaricales |
| Family: | Agaricaceae |
| Genus: | Tulostoma Pers. (1794) |
| Type species | |
| Tulostoma mammosum | |
| Synonyms | |
| |
Tulostoma is a genus of fungi in the family Agaricaceae. Species in the genus are commonly known as stalkballs,[1] or stalked puffballs. The cosmopolitan genus consists of species which produce small fruit bodies, characterized by stalks inserted in a socket at the base of the spherical spore-sac opened by a small and apical mouth. The spore-sac contains gleba, a mixture of spores and associated cells; at maturity, the spores are released through one or more apical pores. Tulostoma species prefer xeric microhabitats, savannahs and deserts, and are saprobic—obtaining nutrients by decomposing roots, buried wood and other organic material of plant origin.[2] Fossils of Tulostoma have been reported from 12 million year old rocks in central England[3] and 13.5 million year old coals from Slovakia.[4]
See also
References
- ^ Holden L. "English Names for fungi 2014". British Mycological Society. Retrieved 2016-01-09.
- ^ Miller HR, Miller OK (1988). Gasteromycetes: Morphological and Developmental Features, with Keys to the Orders, Families, and Genera. Eureka, California: Mad River Press. pp. 48, 52. ISBN 0-916422-74-7.
- ^ Pound, Matthew J.; Nuñez Otaño, Noelia B.; Romero, Ingrid C.; Lim, Michael; Riding, James B.; O’Keefe, Jennifer M. K. (2022). "The fungal ecology of the Brassington Formation (Middle Miocene) of Derbyshire, United Kingdom, and a new method for palaeoclimate reconstruction". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 10. doi:10.3389/fevo.2022.947623. ISSN 2296-701X.
- ^ Romero, Ingrid C.; Nuñez Otaño, Noelia B.; Gibson, Martha E.; Spears, Tyler M.; Fairchild, C. Jolene; Tarlton, Laikin; Jones, Savannah; Belkin, Harvey E.; Warny, Sophie; Pound, Matthew J.; O’Keefe, Jennifer M. K. (2021). "First Record of Fungal Diversity in the Tropical and Warm-Temperate Middle Miocene Climate Optimum Forests of Eurasia". Frontiers in Forests and Global Change. 4. Bibcode:2021FrFGC...4.8405R. doi:10.3389/ffgc.2021.768405. hdl:11336/167104. ISSN 2624-893X.
External links
- "Tulostoma Pers". Atlas of Living Australia.