Trauma Symptom Inventory

The Trauma Symptom Inventory (TSI) is a psychological evaluation and assessment instrument that taps symptoms of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and other post-traumatic emotional problems. It was originally published in 1995 by its developer, John Briere.[1] It is one of the most widely used measures of post-traumatic symptomatology.[2]

The TSI is relatively unique in comparison to other measures of post-traumatic symptomatology, in that it is a multi-scale instrument, including 10 scales of various forms of clinical psychopathology related to psychological trauma. Also unique, it has three validity scales in order to assess the trauma victim's test-taking attitude, such as overreporting, underreporting and inconsistency. The TSI was not developed to detect the malingering of post-traumatic stress disorder, although clinicians have used it to do so. Research shows that the TSI serves as a general validity screen but should be used cautiously in detecting malingered PTSD.[3]

Original psychometric data on the TSI demonstrated statistically adequate internal consistency (alphas ranging from .84 to .87).[4] Validity with a civilian trauma-exposed sample has been demonstrated, with substantial relationships found between the TSI's clinical scale scores and other established measures of PTSD.[5] Further corroboration of the TSI's psychometric properties, with trauma-exposed military veterans, was recently documented.[6]

In 2011 a second edition of the TSI was published (TSI-2),[7] Initial research demonstrated improved ability to detect simulated PTSD.[8] Research in Sweden found the TSI-2 to be statistically sound and a good broad-spectrum assessment instrument.[9]

References

  1. ^ Briere, J. (1995). Trauma Symptom Inventory professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
  2. ^ Elhai, J. D., Gray, M. J., Kashdan, T. B., & Franklin, C. L. (2005). "Which instruments are most commonly used to assess traumatic event exposure and posttraumatic effects?: A survey of traumatic stress professionals". Journal of Traumatic Stress. 18 (5): 541–545. doi:10.1002/jts.20062. PMID 16281252.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  3. ^ Elhai, J. D., Gray, M. J., Naifeh, J. A., Butcher, J. J., Davis, J. L., Falsetti, S. A., & Best, C. L. (2005). "Utility of the Trauma Symptom Inventory's Atypical Response Scale in detecting malingered post-traumatic stress disorder". Assessment. 12 (2): 210–219. doi:10.1177/1073191105275456. PMID 15914722. S2CID 39895515.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Briere, J., Elliott, D. M., Harris, K., & Cotman, A. "Trauma Symptom Inventory: Psychometrics and association with childhood and adult victimization in clinical samples". Journal of Interpersonal Violence. 10: 387–401. doi:10.1177/088626095010004001. S2CID 145485753.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  5. ^ McDevitt-Murphy, M. E., Weathers, F. W., & Adkins, J. W. (2005). "The use of the Trauma Symptom Inventory in the assessment of PTSD symptoms". Journal of Traumatic Stress. 18 (1): 63–67. doi:10.1002/jts.20003. PMID 16281197.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  6. ^ Snyder, J. J., Elhai, J. D., North, T. C., & Heaney, C. J. (2009). "Reliability and validity of the Trauma Symptom Inventory with veterans evaluated for posttraumatic stress disorder". Psychiatry Research. 170 (2–3): 256–261. doi:10.1016/j.psychres.2008.11.008. PMID 19906433. S2CID 7468554.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  7. ^ Briere, J. (2011). Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 professional manual. Psychological Assessment Resources.
  8. ^ Gray, M. J., Elhai, J. D., & Briere, J. (2010). "Evaluation of the Atypical Response Scale of the Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 in detecting simulated posttraumatic stress disorder". Journal of Anxiety Disorders. 24 (5): 447–451. doi:10.1016/j.janxdis.2010.02.011. PMID 20347258.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  9. ^ Nilsson, D.; Dahlström, Ö.; Wadsby, M.; Bergh Johannesson, K. (2018). "Evaluation of the Swedish Trauma Symptom Inventory-2 in a clinical and a student population". European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation. 2 (2). Elsevier BV: 71–82. doi:10.1016/j.ejtd.2017.10.006. ISSN 2468-7499. S2CID 80580756.
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