Timeline of strikes in 1964
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In 1964, a number of labour strikes, labour disputes, and other industrial actions occurred.
Background
A labour strike is a work stoppage caused by the mass refusal of employees to work. This can include wildcat strikes, which are done without union authorisation, and slowdown strikes, where workers reduce their productivity while still carrying out minimal working duties. It is usually a response to employee grievances, such as low pay or poor working conditions. Strikes can also occur to demonstrate solidarity with workers in other workplaces or pressure governments to change policies.
Timeline
Continuing strikes from 1963
January
February
- 1964 Essex Wire strike[1][2]
- 1964 Jamaican broadcast strike, 97-day strike by Jamaica Broadcasting Corporation workers.[3][4]
March
- Power dispute of 1964
- 1964 Wankie Colliery strike, in Hwange.[5]
April
- 1964 Belgian doctors strike. 18-day strike by doctors in Belgium over a proposed health insurance law.[6][7]
May
June
- 1964 Italian newspaper strikes, including strikes by printers and by journalists.[8][9]
- 1964 Nigerian general strike[10][11]
July
August
- 1964 Dunnville strike.[12][13][14]
- 1964 Mount Isa Mines strike
September
- 1964 French dairy strike[15][16]
- 1964 University of Buenos Aires strike. 6-week strike by staff at the University of Buenos Aires in Argentina, supported by student strikes, over wages.[17][18]
October
- 1964 General Motors-Holden strike. Month-long strike by General Motors-Holden workers in Australia.[19][20]
- 1964 Nigerian teachers' strike[21]
- October 1964 Revolution in Sudan, including strikes.
November
- 1964–65 Mexican Medical Movement[22][23][24]
- 1964–1965 Scripto strike
December
Statistics
In the United States, the Bureau of Labor Statistics reported a total of 3655 work stoppages involving 1,64 million workers in 1964 (for a total of 22,9 million working days lost), with 18 of those being major work stoppages involving at least 10 000 workers. This marked the highest number of work stoppages since 1959, while remaining substantially lower than most years during the 1950s. According to the BLS, the number of work stoppages was split roughly evenly between manufacturing and non-manufacturing sectors, albeit with around two-thirds of day lost coming from the manufacturing sectors.[25]
References
- ^ "MICHIGAN'S GUARD GALLED IN STRIKE; Romney Acts in the Hillsdale Disdute—Plant Is Shut". The New York Times. 29 May 1964. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ Moore, Michael A. (September 1970). "A Community's Crisis: Hillsdale and the Essex Wire Strike". Indiana Magazine of History. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ "The JBC strike and George Lee". Jamaica Observer. 4 October 2013. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
- ^ "The Most Honourable Michael Manley (1924 - 1997)". National Library of Jamaica. 8 November 2024. Retrieved 8 November 2024.
- ^ Phimister, Ian (8 September 2015). "A Zambian Town in Colonial Zimbabwe: The 1964 "Wangi Kolia" Strike". International Review of Social History. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ "Death Threats Against Striking Doctors". The Press. 6 April 1964. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ Craven, John V. (October 1967). "A Strike of Self-Employed Professionals: Belgian Doctors in 1964". ILR Review. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ "Strike Closes Italy's Dailies". The New York Times. 17 June 1964. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
- ^ "Italian Press Strike Ends". The New York Times. 13 December 1964. Retrieved 5 November 2024.
- ^ "Nigeria Strike Short of Goal". The New York Times. 2 June 1964. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ Diamond, Larry (25 December 2015). "The 1964 General Strike". Class, Ethnicity and Democracy in Nigeria. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ Reiter, Ester (31 December 1995). "First-Class Workers Don't Want Second-Class Wages: The Lanark Strike in Dunnville". A Diversity of Women. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ Guard, Julie (Winter 2004). "Authenticity on the Line: Women Workers, Native "Scabs," and the Multi-ethnic Politics of Identity in a Left-Led Strike in Cold War Canada". Journal of Women's History. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ Ventresca, Robert A. (Spring 1997). "'Cowering Women, Combative Men?': Femininity, Masculinity, and Ethnicity on Strike in Two Southern Ontario Towns, 1964-1966". Labour/Le Travail. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ "Le mouvement de grève des livraisons de lait s'étend peu à peu à l'ensemble du pays". Le Monde. 24 September 1964. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ Roubaud, Pierre (7 October 1964). "Grève du lait". Institut national de l'audiovisuel. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ "U. of Buenos Aires Strike Ends". The New York Times. 9 November 1964. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ Newton, Ronald C. (October 1966). "Students and the Political System of the University of Buenos Aires". Journal of Inter-American Studies. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ "Minister names union man as cause of nation-wide strike". The Canberra Times. 14 October 1964. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ Tierney, Robert (6 December 2017). ""We will never forget 1964!" Shopfloor Organisation and the Class Politics of Trade Union Officials at General Motors-Holden". Australian Journal of Politics & History. Retrieved 6 March 2026.
- ^ "Nigerian Teachers on Strike". The New York Times. 3 October 1964. Retrieved 1 November 2024.
- ^ Cabello-López, Alejandro (1 July 2015). "Historical and social perspective from the 64-65 Mexican medical movement". Revista Médica del Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. 53 (4): 466–471. PMID 26177434.
- ^ "4,000 OUT IN MEXICO IN MEDICAL STRIKE". The New York Times. 14 January 1965. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
- ^ "Big pay rises". The Straits Times. 11 July 1965. Retrieved 29 October 2024.
- ^ Onanian, Edward D. (October 1965). "Analysis of Work Stoppages 1964" (PDF). Bureau of Labor Statistics. Retrieved 6 March 2026.