Timeline of shipbuilding on the River Tyne
The following is a timeline of the history of shipbuilding on the River Tyne in Tyne and Wear, England.
13th century
1290s
- 1294
- A galley for King Edward I was built at the mouth of Lort Burn, Newcastle upon Tyne, one of twenty ordered by the King from different ports[1][2][3]
- 1295
- September: Galley for Edward I was completed[4]
15th century
1400s
- 1400s
- The Newcastle Guild of Shipwrights had been a recognised trade since the 1400s[5]
16th century
1500s
- 1508
- A 'rowbarge' was constructed for Newcastle upon Tyne[4]
17th century
1600s
- 1604
- The Newcastle Guild of Shipwrights (along with 14 other lesser craft trades) finally achieved full Guild status[5]
- 1604–1616
- Newcastle Guild of Shipwrights members built ten ships 'fit for service', ie able to act at naval auxiliaries in time of war[6]
18th century
1720s
- 1720s
- Robert Wallis opened the first shipbuilding yard in South Shields[7]
1740s
- 1740
- Only four ships, of an estimated 800 tons, were registered to South Shields[7]
1750s
- 1750
- 1756
- William Rowe began building ships on the Tyne (St Peter's yard, Newcastle upon Tyne)[9]
1760s
- 1763
- HMS Solebay, a frigate of 28 guns, was launched by Thomas Airey & Co of Newcastle upon Tyne, attracting a 'great concourse of spectators'[8]
1770s
- 1772
- Lockwood Broderick began building ships at South Shields[10]
19th century
1800s
- 1800
- 1809
- 500 ships, totalling over 100,000 tons, were registered to South Shields, which hosted 12 shipbuilding yards and an even larger number of docks[7]
1810s
- 1810
- William Rowe was bought out by Thomas and William Smith, who continued shipbuilding at St Peter's yard, Newcastle upon Tyne[9]
- Thomas and William Smith acquired Laing's Dock at North Shields as an additional repairing establishment[9]
1820s
- 1820
- Robert and William Hawthorn opened an engine works at Forth Banks, Newcastle upon Tyne, building three pairs of engines for steam packets in he first year[12]
- 1828
- Duke of Roxburgh, of 417 tons burthen, launched by Thomas and William Smith[9]
- 1829
- 26 December: George Green launched by Thomas and William Smith[9]
1830s
- 1830
- Thomas Dunn Marshall began building ships in part of the old yard of Robert Wallis in South Shields[10]
- 1839
- Thomas Dunn Marshall built the Tyne's first iron steamer, a small passenger ship named Star [13]
1840s
- 1840
- Charles Coutts established a shipbuilding yard at Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne[14]
- 1841
- Thomas Dunn Marshall completed an iron twin-screw ferry named Bedlington[13]
- 1842
- 1842-1852
- The shipyard of Thomas Dunn Marshall in South Shields built 10 wooden ships and 99 iron vessels[10]
- 1847
- WG Armstong & Co founded at Elswick, Newcastle upon Tyne,[16] to build the hydraulic machinery Armstrong had invented[17]
1850s
- 1851
- Charles Palmer and his brother George, opened a shipyard at Jarrow[13] on the site of an earlier yard which had built wooden warships for the Royal Navy[18]
- 1852
- April: Northumberland, an iron paddle tug, was launched, the first vessel constructed by Palmers[18]
- 30 June: Iron-built steam collier John Bowes was launched,[13][19] the second vessel built by Palmers[18]
- Andrew Leslie established a shipbuilding yard at Hebburn[13]
- 1853
- Charles Mitchell established a shipyard at Low Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne[13]
- 1856
- 1857
- Blast furnaces for the production of pig-iron were established at Palmers Jarrow shipyard[21]
- 1858
- Palmers built ships Hudson and Weser for Norddeutscher Lloyd[22]
- 1859
- Palmers took over a shipyard at Willington Quay, Howdon[20]
1860s
- 1860
- John Wigham Richardson opened the Neptune shipbuilding yard at Low Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne, taking over the former Charles Coutts yard[14][23][24][25]
- March: Port Musgrave launched by Palmers at their Howdon yard[20]
- 11 April: SS Connaught, a Royal Mail paddle steamer, was launched by Palmers[26]
- July: The first ship was launched by John Wigham Richardson, a paddle steamer Victoria[25]
- 1 September: SS Hibernia, a Royal Mail paddle steamer, was launched by Palmers[27]
- 1861
- Ambrose completed at the Neptune yard of John Wigham Richardson[28]
- HMS Defence launched at Palmer Bros yard in Jarrow[29]
- 1863
- 1866
- 1868
1870s
- 1872
- HMS Cerberus and HMS Gorgon, coastal defence ships, were completed by Palmers[32]
- 1873
- Charles Mitchell established a shipyard at Wallsend[25]
- 1874
- Charles Mitchell appointed Charles Sheridan Swan as manager and the business became known as CS Swan & Company[25]
- 1875
- HMS Sabrina and HMS Spey, river gunboats, were completed by Palmers[33]
- 1876
- HMS Medina, a gunboat, was launched by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company at Jarrow[34]
- HMS Tees, HMS Esk and HMS Tweed, river gunboats, were delivered by Palmers[33]
- 1877
- Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]
- 1878
- John Readhead & Sons began building their first ship for the Hain Line[35]
- The flat-iron colliers, Roystone and Vauxhall were launched by Palmers[36]
- 1879
- Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]
1880s
- 1880–1883
- Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]
- 1880
- George Burton Hunter was appointed as manager of CS Swan & Company and the company became known as CS Swan & Hunter[25]
- Cornelia, a steam yacht for the Marquess of Londonderry, was completed by Palmers[30]
- 1881
- The oil tanker Massis was completed at Armstong Mitchells shipyard in Low Walker[23]
- 1882
- WG Armstrongs merged merged with Charles Mitchell's shipyard at Low Walker to become Armstrong Mitchells[16][31]
- 1884
- 1885
- HMS Surprise and HMS Alacrity, naval despatch vessels, were delivered by Palmers[32]
- 1886
- R and W Hawthorn merged with A. Leslie and Company shipbuilders in Hebburn to become R. & W. Hawthorn, Leslie and Company[16]
- Glückauf launched at Armstong Mitchells for German owners, regarded as a prototype of the modern day oil tanker[37]
- HMS Orlando, cruiser, launched by Palmers[32]
- 1887
- 22 January: Era, an oil tanker, was launched by Palmers[38]
- 1888
- 1889
- Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company had the highest output of ships in Britain[18]
1890s
- 1890
- John Wigham Richardson's Neptune shipyard completed Hornby Grange at the Neptune yard for the Houlder Line,[41] one of the world's first refrigerated cargo ships[23]
- Citta di Venezia completed at the John Wigham Richardson Neptune yard[42]
- 1891
- HMS Rainbow, cruiser, was launched by Palmers[32]
- 1892
- 28 May: HMS Resolution, battleship, launched by Palmers[33]
- 1893
- HMS Revenge, battleship, completed by Palmers[33]
- 1894
- Turbinia, the first steam turbine powered ship, launched for Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Company,[43] which had been founded in that year by Charles Parsons[44]
- Blanco Encalada launched by Armstrong Mitchell at Elswick, a cruiser for the Chilean Navy[45]
- 1895
- CS Swan & Hunter became a limited company[25]
- 1896
- 1897
- HMS Pegasus and HMS Pyramus, cruisers[32], and HMS Flirt, a destroyer, were launched by Palmers[47]
- Armstrong Mitchells merged with the Manchester armaments works of Whitworths to become Armstrong Whitworth[16]
- Palmers output of shipping for the year was 40,319 tons, comprising 13 vessels launched from the Jarrow and Howdon yards[48]
- 1898
- August: RMS Ultonia launched at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard for the Cunard Line[49]
- The icebreaker Yermak was launched at Low Walker yard of Armstrong Whitworth for the Russian government[37]
- America Maru completed by John Wigham Richardson[50]
- 1899
- September: RMS Ivernia launched by Swan Hunter at Wallsend for the Cunard Line[51]
- Veria built by Armstrong Whitworth at Low Walker for the Cunard Line[51]
20th century
1900s
- 1900
- 10 September: Keel of RMS Carpathia was laid by CS Swan & Hunter at their Wallsend yard[52]
- Canadian delivered by Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn for the Leyland Line[53]
- Caria built by the Tyne Iron Shipbuilding Company for the Cunard Line[54]
- Consuelo built by Swan Hunter for Thomas Wilson Sons & Co.[55]
- Iwate, a Japanese cruiser, was launched at the Elswick shipyard of Armstrong Whitworth[37]
- HNoMS Norge and HNoMS Eidsvold, coastal defence ships for Norway, were launched at the Elswick shipyard of Armstrong Whitworth[37]
- 1901
- Kingstonian delivered by Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn for the Leyland Line[53]
- HMS Russell, battleship, was launched by Palmers[33]
- 1902
- February: Hanoverian launched by Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn for the Leyland Line[53]
- 6 August: RMS Carpathia launched by CS Swan & Hunter at their Wallsend yard for the Cunard Line[52][56]
- John Wigham Richardson's Neptune shipyard delivered Colonia, its first cableship,[23] then the largest cable ship in the world[57]
- Flavia built by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company for the Cunard Line[54]
- The tanker SS Silverlip was launched at Low Walker shipyard of Armstrong Whitworth[37]
- 1903
- RMS Carpathia completed by CS Swan & Hunter at their Wallsend yard for the Cunard Line[58]
- John Wigham Richardson's shipbuilding company merged with Swan Hunter in Wallsend to become Swan Hunter and Wigham Richardson[59][23][25][60]
- 1904
- Turbine powered steam yacht, Albion completed at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard[61]
- Keel of RMS Mauretania was laid at Swan Hunter and Wigham Richardson's Wallsend yard[62]
- HMS Sapphire, cruiser, launched by Palmers[32]
- 1906
- 4 September: HMS Lord Nelson, a battleship for the Royal Navy, was launched by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company[63]
- 20 September: RMS Mauretania was launched by the Dowager Duchess of Roxburghe at Swan Hunter and Wigham Richardson's Wallsend yard for the Cunard Line,[64] and was the largest passenger ship completed on the Tyne[65]
- Swan Hunter held the world record for gross tonnage of shipping constructed in the year[25]
- The first of two electric cableway crane networks was installed at Palmers Jarrow yard[47]
- 1907
- 13 April: The battlecruiser HMS Invincible was launched at the Elswick shipyard of Armstrong Whitworth watched by over 12,000 people[23]
- Swan Hunter's output of ships was 15% of the world's total tonnage built that year, when the Neptune and Wallsend yards were building 11 vessels in the year[25]
- Ocean Prince completed at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Prince Line[66]
- 1908
- SS Afrique completed at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard[67]
- 1909
- Ausonia built by Swan Hunter for the Cunard Line[54]
- Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company yard at Jarrow stretched nearly three quarters of a mile along the southern bank of the Tyne[18]
1910s
- 1910
- 23 July: RMS Franconia launched by Swan Hunter for the Cunard Line[68][69][70]
- HMS Hercules, battleship, launched by Palmers[33]
- HMS Viking, destroyer, delivered by Palmers[33]
- 1911
- July: RMS Laconia launched by Swan Hunter for the Cunard Line[68]
- August: City of Birmingham, cargo liner, launched at Palmers Hebburn yard[71]
- Palmers leased the former Robert Stephenson shipyard at Hebburn[71]
- Acujutla completed at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Salvador Railway Company[72]
- Asconia built by Swan Hunter for the Cunard Line[54]
- 1912
- 20 March: HMS Queen Mary, battlecruiser, launched by Palmers[71]
- 26 September: SS Reina Victoria-Eugenia, a steam ocean liner, launched by Swan Hunter for the Compañía Transatlántica Española[69]
- Swan Hunter held the world record for gross tonnage of shipping constructed in the year[25]
- Palmers purchased the former Robert Stephenson shipyard at Hebburn[71]
- 1912-1913
- Armstrong Whitworths' Walker Naval Yard began production[37]
- 1913
- 22 February: San Fraterno was launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Eagle Oil and Shipping Company, it then being the largest oil tanker in the world[73]
- November: Armstrong Whitworth employed 20,669 people on the Tyne[74]
- HMS Shark, a destroyer, was completed Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[75]
- 1914
- By September nearly 2,000 men from Armstrong Whitworth had enlisted in the British Army, as well as nearly 1,000 from Hawthorn & Leslie[74]
- The icebreakers Alexander Nevsk and Sviatogor were completed at Low Walker yard of Armstrong Whitworth[37]
- 1915
- Karoa was completed at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the British India Steam Navigation Company[76]
- HMS Resolution, the second battleship of the name launched by Palmers[33]
- 1916
- The cable repair ship, HMTS Monarch, was completed at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard[77]
- 1917
- Auronia built by Swan Hunter for the Cunard Line[54]
- 1918
- November: Numbers employed by Armstrong Whitworth had risen to just under 60,000[74]
- HMS Coventry completed at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[78]
- The submarine, HMS L5, completed at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard[79]
- Vellavia built by Armstrong Whitworth for the Cunard Line[54]
- The destroyer, HMS Whirlwind, was completed at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard[80]
- 1919
- Newcastle Shipbuilding Company established under the chairmanship of John Crass[81]
1920s
- 1921
- 22 March: RMS Ausonia launched by Armstrong Whitworth for the Cunard Line[82]
- 9 April: RMS Laconia launched by Swan Hunter for the Cunard Line[83]
- SS City of Paris built by Swan Hunter for the Ellerman Lines[84]
- SS Giulio Cesare completed at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard for Navigazione Generale Italiana[85][86]
- SS San Gaspar, an oil tanker for the Eagle Oil and Shipping Company, was launched by Palmers[38]
- 1922
- 24 August: SS Mongolia launched at Armstrong Whitworth's Walker Naval yard for P&O[87][88]
- Meduana completed at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard[89]
- SS San Gerardo, an oil tanker for the Eagle Oil and Shipping Company, was launched by Palmers[38]
- 1923
- February: CS Faraday, a cable ship for Siemens Brothers, was launched at Palmers[90]
- Talma completed by Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn for the British India Steam Navigation Company[87][88]
- 1924
- September: SS Ranpura launched by Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn for P&O[87]
- Auronia built by Swan Hunter for the Cunard Line[88]
- SS Tilawa completed by Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn for the British India Steam Navigation Company[87][88]
- 1925
- Andonia built by Hawthorn Leslie for the Cunard Line[88]
- Asconia built by Armstrong Whitworth for the Cunard Line[88]
- SS Ranchi launched by Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn for P&O[87]
- MS Gripsholm completed at the Armstrong Whitworth Walker Naval Yard for the Swedish American Line,[91][92] the first passenger liner powered by diesel engines[37]
- Inanda completed at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Harrison Line[93]
- Langleeford and British Chemist launched by Palmers, the only two ships they launched in that year[90]
- 1926
- The oil tanker British Governor was completed at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the British Tanker Company[94]
- 1927
- 30 April: Port Gisborne was launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Port Line, the event being broadcast on the BBC Radio Home Service[95]
- Vickers-Armstrongs was created with the merging of Vickers Limited and Armstrong Whitworth[96]
- After completion of the battleship HMS Nelson, the Armstrong Whitworth Walker Naval Yard was closed due to lack of orders[97]
- 1928
- 1929
- September: Vikingen launched at Swan Hunter, a whale factory ship for Norwegian owners[99]
- RMS Knight of Malta was completed at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard[100]
1930s
- 1930
- October: Appalachee, a tanker for the Anglo American Oil Company, was launched by Palmers, the last merchant ship built at the Jarrow yard[98]
- 1931
- February: British Strength, a tanker for the British Tanker Company, was launched at Palmers Hebburn yard. Palmers last merchant ship and the only ship they launched that year[98]
- 17 March: Monarch of Bermuda launched at Vickers Armstongs Walker Naval Yard for Furness Withy[101][92]
- Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company recorded losses of £119,000[98]
- 1932
- 19 June: HMS Duchess, a D-class destroyer, launched by Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company, the last ship Palmers launched[102] and the 982nd vessel built by the company[98]
- 1933
- SS Queen of Bermuda completed at Vickers Armstrong Walker Naval Yard[97]
- Palmers Shipbuilding and Iron Company went into receivership[103][98]
- 1934
- SS Twickenham Ferry completed at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard[104]
- The receiver sold Palmers to National Shipbuilding Security Ltd who then sold the Jarrow yard to a demolition company[98]
- 1935
- 1937
- 3 September: HMS Eskimo, a Tribal-class destroyer, was launched at Vickers Armstrongs Walker Naval Yard[106]
- 3 September: HMS Mashona, a Tribal-class destroyer, was also launched at Vickers Armstrongs Walker Naval Yard[106]
- HMS Manchester, a light cruiser, launched by Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn[107]
- 1938
- March: HMS Edinburgh launched at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[108]
- 27 July: QSMV Dominion Monarch launched at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard for the Shaw, Savill & Albion Line,[109][110][111] then the largest diesel motor-driven ship in the world[112]
- 1939
- MS Sobieski completed at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Gdynia America Line[113][92]
- HMS Tartar, a Tribal-class destroyer, completed at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[114]
1940s
- 1940
- Vickers Armstrong naval shipyard employed 4,250 people[103]
- 1942
- 22 December: Empire Sandy launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for the Overseas Towage and Salvage Company[115]
- HMS Anson, a battleship delivered by Swan Hunter[112]
- 1943
- HMS Vindex, a Nairana-class escort carrier, completed at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[112]
- 21 April: Empire John launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for William Watkins Ltd[116]
- 2 September: Empire Winnie launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for William Watkins Ltd[117]
- 27 November: Empire Aid launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for the Overseas Towage and Salvage Company[117]
- 1944
- 22 April: Empire Julia launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for the Overseas Towage and Salvage Company[118]
- 19 July: Empire Susan launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for William Watkins Ltd[118]
- 17 October: Empire Jean launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for the Overseas Towage and Salvage Company, completed as Empire Mary[119]
- 30 December: Empire Rosa launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for William Watkins Ltd, completed as Empire Jean[119]
- 1945
- 25 April: Empire Bess launched by Clelands Shipbuilding Company at Willington Quay, a tug for the United Towing Co Ltd[120]
- 28 May: HMS Alamein launched at Hawthorn Leslie by Lady Alexander[121]
- Vickers-Armstrongs plants at Elswick and Scotswood together were the largest employers in Newcastle[122]
- 1948
- SS Gothic completed at Swans Hunter's Wallsend yard for the Shaw, Savill & Albion Line[123][92]
1950s
- 1950
- 17 May: Muristan launched at John Readhead & Sons, South Shields, an oil tanker for the Strick Line[124]
- 27 July: SS Ocean Monarch launched at the Walker Naval Yard of Vickers Armstrong[37][125]
- Assyria built by Swan Hunter for the Cunard Line[54]
- Velutina, an oil tanker for Shell, completed at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[126]
- 1952
- September: TS Leda, launched by Princess Astrid of Norway at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard for the Bergen Steamship Company[127]
- 1953
- 28 May: City of Durban launched by Armstrong Whitworth for the Ellerman Lines[128]
- 1955
- July: MS Bergensfjord launched at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[112] by Princess Astrid of Norway, for the Norwegian America Line,[129] watched by 5,000 people[130]
- 1956
- RMS Empress of England launched at Walker Naval Yard of Vickers Armstrong for Canadian Pacific[37][131]
- 1958
- Swan Hunter achieved a profit of over £1m[103]
1960s
- 1960
- 10 May: RMS Empress of Canada launched at Walker Naval Yard of Vickers Armstrong for Canadian Pacific,[37][132] the second largest liner to be built on the Tyne[133]
- September: SS Príncipe Perfeito launched by Swan Hunter for the Companhia Nacional de Navegação[134]
- MV Lobito Palm completed at Swan Hunter's Neptune yard for the Palm Line[135]
- By 1960 John Readhead and Sons at South Shields had built 87 vessels for the Hain Line[35]
- 1961
- June: SS Northern Star launched by the Queen Mother at Vickers Armstrong Walker Naval Yard for Shaw, Savill & Albion Line[136] and was the last passenger ship built there[103]
- 1962
- 1963
- June: Media delivered by John Readhead & Sons at South Shields for the Cunard Line[138]
- Saxonia launched by John Readhead & Sons at South Shields for the Cunard Line[139]
- 1966–1968
- Shipbuilders on the Tyne were merged into Swan Hunter, including John Readhead & Sons at South Shields, Vickers Armstrong at Walker, Hawthorn Leslie at Hebburn and Clelands Shipbuilding at Willington Quay[140]
- 1968
- Vickers-Armstrongs sold off their naval yard at Walker, Newcastle upon Tyne[141]
- 1969
- May: Esso Northumbria, a crude oil tanker, launched by Princess Anne at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[142]
1970s
- 1972
- 15 May: Vistafjord launched at Swan Hunter's Neptune yard[143] for the Norwegian America Line,[144] the last passenger liner constructed on the Tyne[145]
- 11 July: Joseph R Smallwood launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for the Nile Steamship Co Ltd[146]
- 25 August: Corabank launched at the Swan Hunter South Shields yard for the Bank Line[146]
- 12 November: Meadowbank launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Bank Line[146]
- 1973
- 6 February: Frank D Moores launched at Swan Hunter's Hebburn yard for the Nile Steamship Co Ltd[146]
- 7 March: RFA Gold Rover launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary[146]
- 31 May: Forthbank launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for the Bank Line[146]
- 1 June: Moraybank launched at the Swan Hunter South Shields yard for the Bank Line[146]
- 30 August: RFA Black Rover launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary[146]
- 14 September: Alnwick Castle launched at the Swan Hunter Walker yard for the Bamburgh Shipping Co[146]
- 26 November: Clydebank launched at Swan Hunter's Hebburn yard for the Bank Line[146]
- HMS Bristol, a Type 82 destroyer, completed at Swan Hunter's Neptune yard, the largest warship launched at that yard[147]
- 1974
- 1975
- 24 April: HMS Newcastle launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Royal Navy[146]
- 6 October: Tyne Pride launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for Meridor Tankers[146]
- 1976
- 14 April: HMS Glasgow launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for the Royal Navy[146]
- 1977
- 17 March: Singularity launched at Swan Hunter's South Shields yard for FT Everard[148]
- 21 July: Starman Anglia launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard[148]
- Swan Hunter was nationalised[140]
- 1978
- 24 April: Aldrington launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for Stephenson Clarke Shipping[148]
- 20 July: Pacific Swan launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for BNFL[148]
- 16 October: Royal Prince launched at the Swan Hunter Walker yard for Furness Withy[148]
- 17 October: Crown Prince launched at the Swan Hunter Walker yard for Furness Withy[148]
- 1979
- 8 November: MS Kopalnia Gottwald launched at Swan Hunter's Hebburn yard for the Polish Steamship Co[148]
1980s
- 1980
- 15 February: Dunedin launched at the Swan Hunter Walker yard for the Shaw, Savill & Albion Line[148]
- 17 March: Pacific Crane launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for BNFL[148]
- 1981
- 2 June: HMS Ark Royal, a light aircraft carrier, launched by the Queen Mother, at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard[149] for the Royal Navy[148]
- 1 July: Mediterranean Shearwater launched at Swan Hunter's Hebburn yard for BNFL[148]
- 12 November: Ingram Osprey launched at the Swan Hunter Walker yard for the Ingram Tanker Co[148]
- 1982
- 26 April: Pacific Teal launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for BNFL[148]
- 21 June: HMS York launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard, a Type 42 destroyer for the Royal Navy[148]
- 16 September: Thorseggen launched at Swan Hunter's Wallsend Yard for Thor Dahl[148]
- 11 December: Orelia launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune yard for Houlder Offshore[148]
- 1983
- 18 March: BP Achiever launched at the Swan Hunter Hebburn yard for BP Shipping[148]
- 6 September: Höegh Duke launched at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard for Leif Höegh & Co[148]
- 1984
- 13 June: Pacific Guardian launched at Swan Hunter's Neptune yard for Cable & Wireless plc[148]
- 12 July: Atlantic Conveyor launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Atlantic Container Line[138][148]
- 1986
- 26 March: HMS Sheffield launched at Swan Hunter's Neptune yard for the Royal Navy[148]
- 8 April: HMS Coventry launched at Swan Hunter's Wallsend Yard for the Royal Navy[148]
- 13 December: RFA Sir Galahad launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary[148]
- 1987
- Swan Hunter returned to private ownership as a result of a management buy-out[140]
- 1988
- 20 January: HMS Chatham, a frigate for the Royal Navy, launched at the Swan Hunter Neptune shipyard and was the final ship to be built at that yard[150][112][148]
- 25 October: Sir Eric Sharp launched at Swan Hunter's Wallsend yard, their 25th cable ship launch, for Cable & Wireless plc[112][148]
- 1989
- 21 January: HMS Marlborough launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Royal Navy[148]
1990s
- 1990
- 1 December: RRS James Clark Ross launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the British Antarctic Survey[148]
- 1991
- 1 March: RFA Fort George launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Royal Fleet Auxiliary[148]
- 1992
- 4 February: HMS Westminster launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard, a Type 23 frigate for the Royal Navy[148]
- 4 April: HMS Northumberland launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard, a Type 23 frigate for the Royal Navy[148]
- 1993
- 6 April: HMS Richmond launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard, a Type 23 frigate for the Royal Navy[148]
- May: Swan Hunter went into receivership with the loss of over 2,000 jobs[140]
- 2 June: Pride of the Tyne launched at the Swan Hunter Wallsend yard for the Shields Ferry[148]
See also
References
- ^ Dougan 1968, p. 19.
- ^ Osler & Barrow 1993, p. 4.
- ^ Clarke 1997, p. vi.
- ^ a b Osler & Barrow 1993, p. 6.
- ^ a b Osler & Barrow 1993, p. 24.
- ^ Osler & Barrow 1993, p. 25.
- ^ a b c Dougan 1968, p. 23.
- ^ a b Dougan 1968, p. 21.
- ^ a b c d e Dougan 1968, p. 25.
- ^ a b c Dougan 1968, p. 24.
- ^ Dougan 1968, p. 22.
- ^ Dougan 1968, p. 28.
- ^ a b c d e f Woodcock 1990, p. 9.
- ^ a b c Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 41.
- ^ Middlebrook 1968, p. 184.
- ^ a b c d Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 40.
- ^ Middlebrook 1968, p. 192.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 5.
- ^ Burton 1994, p. 189.
- ^ a b c d Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 11.
- ^ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 9.
- ^ a b Woodcock 1990, p. 11.
- ^ a b c d e f g Flowers & Histon 1999, p. 30.
- ^ Dougan 1968, p. 27.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j Smith & Rae 1994, p. 3.
- ^ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 24.
- ^ a b Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 25.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 6.
- ^ Dixon 1987, p. 36.
- ^ a b Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 27.
- ^ a b c Middlebrook 1968, p. 243.
- ^ a b c d e f Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 12.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 13.
- ^ Dixon 1987, p. 72.
- ^ a b Burton 1994, p. 101.
- ^ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 8.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l Flowers & Histon 1999, p. 31.
- ^ a b c Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 26.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 7.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 34.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1999, p. 12.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1999, p. 8.
- ^ Middlebrook 1968, p. 244.
- ^ Burton 1994, p. 152.
- ^ Burton 1994, p. 64.
- ^ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 15.
- ^ a b Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 35.
- ^ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 20.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 12.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1999, p. 9.
- ^ a b Woodcock 1990, p. 13.
- ^ a b Smith 2007, p. 22.
- ^ a b c Woodcock 1990, p. 14.
- ^ a b c d e f g Woodcock 1990, p. 58.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 25.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 15.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 11.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 10.
- ^ Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 42.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 6.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 13.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 8.
- ^ Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 2.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 9.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 14.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 16.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 17.
- ^ a b Smith 2007, p. 64.
- ^ a b Woodcock 1988, p. 7.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 27.
- ^ a b c d Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 34.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 18.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 20.
- ^ a b c Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 49.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 19.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 21.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 23.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 24.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 25.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 26.
- ^ Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 50.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 43.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 39.
- ^ Woodcock 1988, p. 8.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 22.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 62.
- ^ a b c d e Smith 2007, p. 56.
- ^ a b c d e f Woodcock 1988, p. 10.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 27.
- ^ a b Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 39.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 45.
- ^ a b c d Woodcock 1988, p. 12.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 29.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 28.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 30.
- ^ Flowers & Histon 1999, p. 24.
- ^ a b Elson 1986, p. 1.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Cuthbert & Smith 2004, p. 40.
- ^ Elson 1986, p. 4.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 31.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 36.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 48.
- ^ a b c d Elson 1986, p. 2.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 32.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 33.
- ^ a b Elson 1986, p. 20.
- ^ Newcastle 1991, p. 18.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 35.
- ^ Elson 1986, p. 11.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 36.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 39.
- ^ a b c d e f Smith & Rae 1994, p. 4.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 34.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 37.
- ^ Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 61.
- ^ Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 62.
- ^ a b Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 63.
- ^ a b Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 66.
- ^ a b Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 67.
- ^ Harvey & Turrell 1988, p. 69.
- ^ Elson 1986, p. 13.
- ^ Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 184.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 39.
- ^ Elson 1986, p. 3.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 43.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 40.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 41.
- ^ Woodcock 1988, p. 15.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 42.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 46.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 55.
- ^ Woodcock 1988, p. 16.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 52.
- ^ Woodcock 1988, p. 19.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 44.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 60.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 43.
- ^ a b Woodcock 1990, p. 55.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 54.
- ^ a b c d Smith & Rae 1995, p. 3.
- ^ Colls & Lancaster 2001, p. 60.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 47.
- ^ Woodcock 1990, p. 6.
- ^ Woodcock 1988, p. 1.
- ^ Smith 2007, p. 68.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Smith & Rae 1995, p. 51.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 46.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af Smith & Rae 1995, p. 53.
- ^ Smith & Rae 1994, p. 48.
- ^ Flowers & Histon 1999, p. 39.
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