Threatened mammals of Europe

The list below contains threatened mammals that dwell in or migrate to any region in Europe, the East Atlantic Ocean, and any nearby islands of the Atlantic Ocean. This includes mammals that are found in the East Atlantic Ocean (Azores), Iceland, the Adriatic Sea, the Sea of Azov, the Black and Caspian Sea, Corsica, Cyprus, Palearctic, Russia, Eurasia, North African Coast, the Mediterranean Sea and islands located in the Mediterranean Sea, and the islands of Spain (Canary, Balearic). The list below was compiled from data on the IUCN Red List of Endangered Species (IUCN). The International Union for Conservation of Nature [1] identifies species in need of attention before approaching extinction and works to increase prevention of extinction. The list below includes vulnerable (VU), endangered (EN), critically endangered (CR), and recently extinct (EX) species.

Scientific name Common name(s) Distribution Status Image
Ammotragus lervia Aoudad, Barbary sheep, uaddan Extant, native: Algeria; Chad; Egypt; Libya; Mali; Mauritania; Morocco; Niger; Sudan; Tunisia; Western Sahara

Extant, introduced: Croatia; Italy; Mexico; Spain (Canary Is.); United States

VU[2]
Balaenoptera borealis Sei whale Extant: Worldwide EN[3]
Balaenoptera musculus Blue whale Extant: Worldwide EN[4]
Balaenoptera physalus Fin whale Extant: Worldwide VU[5]
Bos primigenius Aurochs Extinct: Bulgaria; Poland; Romania EX[6]
Cricetus cricetus European hamster, common hamster Extant: Austria; Belarus; Belgium; Bulgaria; Czechia; France; Germany; Hungary; Kazakhstan; Moldova; Netherlands; Poland; Romania; Russian Federation; Serbia; Slovakia; Slovenia; Switzerland; Ukraine

Presence Uncertain: Bosnia and Herzegovina; China; Croatia; Georgia

CR[7]
Crocidura canariensis Canarian shrew, Canary shrew Extant: Spain (Canary Is.) EN[8]
Crocidura zimmermanni Cretan white-toothed shrew, Cretan shrew Extant: Greece (Kriti) EN[9]
Cystophora cristata Hooded seal Extant, resident: Canada; Greenland; Iceland; Norway; Svalbard and Jan Mayen

Extant, vagrant: Denmark; France; Germany; Ireland; Portugal; Russia; Spain; United Kingdom; Antigua and Barbuda; Bahamas; Bermuda; Puerto Rico; Saint Barthélemy; Turks and Caicos Islands; United States

EN[10]
Desmana moschata Russian desman Extant: Kazakhstan; Russia; Ukraine

Extirpated: Belarus

CR[11]
Dinaromys bogdanovi Balkan snow vole Extant: Albania; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Croatia; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Serbia VU[12]
Eliomys quercinus Garden dormouse Extant: Andorra; Austria; Belgium; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Croatia; Czechia; France; Germany; Italy; Luxembourg; Netherlands; Poland; Portugal; Russian Federation (European Russia); Slovenia; Spain; Switzerland

Possibly extirpated: Belarus; Estonia; Finland; Latvia; Lithuania; Slovakia; Ukraine Uncertain status: Romania

VU[13]
Eubalaena glacialis North Atlantic right whale Extant: Bahamas; Bermuda; Canada; United States; Greenland; Iceland; Norway

Possibly extirpated: Belgium; Faroe Islands; France; Germany; Ireland; Morocco; Netherlands; Portugal; Spain; United Kingdom; Western Sahara

CR[14]
Galemys pyrenaicus Pyrenean desman, Iberian desman Extant: Andorra; France; Portugal; Spain EN[15]
Hydropotes inermis Chinese water deer Extant, native: China; North Korea; South Korea

Introduced: France; United Kingdom

VU[16]
Lepus castroviejoi Broom hare Extant: Spain VU[17]
Lepus corsicanus Corsican hare Extant: Italy; Sicilly

Introduced: Corsica

VU[18]
Lynx pardinus Iberian lynx Extant: Spain

Reintroduced: Portugal

VU[19]
Macaca sylvanus Barbary macaque Extant: Algeria; Morocco

Extripated: Tunisia Introduced: Gibraltar

EN[20]
Mesocricetus newtoni Romanian hamster Extant: Bulgaria; Romania VU[21]
Microtus bavaricus Bavarian pine vole Extant: Austria

Extirpated: Germany

CR[22]
Monachus monachus Mediterranean monk seal Extant: Albania; Cyprus; Greece; Mauritania; Portugal (Madeira); Türkiye; Western Sahara

Possibly extinct: Egypt; Israel; Italy; Lebanon; Libya; Montenegro; Palestine; Spain; Syria Extirpated: Algeria; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Cabo Verde; France; Gambia; Georgia; Malta; Monaco; Morocco; Portugal; Romania; Russia; Senegal; Slovenia; Tunisia; Ukraine

Presence uncertain: Croatia

VU[23]
Mustela lutreola European mink Extant: France; Romania; Russia; Spain; Ukraine

Extant, reintroduced: Estonia

Extirpated: Austria; Belarus; Bulgaria; Croatia; Czechia; Finland; Georgia; Germany; Hungary; Kazakhstan; Latvia; Lithuania; Moldova; Montenegro; Netherlands; Poland; Serbia; Slovakia; Switzerland

CR[24]
Myomimus roachi Roach's mouse-tailed dormouse Extant: Bulgaria; Greece; Türkiye VU[25]
Myotis capaccinii Long-fingered bat Extant: Albania; Algeria; Andorra; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Croatia; Cyprus; France (Corsica); Greece (Kriti); Holy See; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Italy (Sicilia, Sardegna); Jordan; Lebanon; Montenegro; Morocco; North Macedonia; Romania; Serbia; Slovenia; Spain (Baleares); Syria; Türkiye

Extirpated: Switzerland

VU[26]
Nyctalus azoreum Azores noctule, Azorean bat Extant: Portugal (Azores) VU[27]
Phocoena phocoena ssp. relicta Black Sea harbour porpoise Extant: Bulgaria; Georgia; Romania; Russia; Türkiye; Ukraine VU[28]
Physeter macrocephalus Sperm whale Extant: Worldwide VU[29]
Pipistrellus hanaki Hanák's pipistrelle Extant: Greece; Libya VU[30]
Pipistrellus maderensis Madeira pipistrelle, Murciélago de Madeira Extant: Portugal (Azores, Madeira); Spain (Canary Is.) EN[31]
Plecotus sardus Sardinian long-eared bat Extant: Italy (Sardegna) CR[32]
Plecotus teneriffae Tenerife long-eared bat, Canary big-eared bat Extant: Spain (Canary Is.) CR[33]
Prolagus sardus Sardinian pika Extinct: France (Corsica); Italy (Sardegna) EX[34]
Rhinolophus mehelyi Mehely's horseshoe bat Extant: Afghanistan; Algeria; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Bulgaria; Cyprus; Egypt; Georgia; Greece; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Italy (Sicilia, Sardegna); Jordan; Libya; Moldova; Montenegro; Morocco; North Macedonia; Palestine; Portugal; Romania; Russia; Serbia; Slovenia; Spain; Syria; Tunisia; Türkiye

Extirpated:Croatia Presence uncertain:France

VU[35]
Sicista loriger Nordmann's birch mouse Extant: Romania; Russia; Ukraine

Presence uncertain: Moldova

CR[36]
Sicista severtzovi Severtzov's birch mouse Extant: Russia (Europe) [37]
Sicista trizona Hungarian birch mouse Extant: Hungary; Romania

Extirpated: Austria; Serbia; Slovakia

EN[38]
Spalax antiquus Méhely’s blind mole-rat Extant: Romania EN[39]
Spalax arenarius Sandy mole-rat Extant: Ukraine EN[40]
Spalax graecus Bukovina blind mole-rat Extant: Romania; Ukraine VU[41]
Spalax istricus Oltenia blind mole-rat Possibly extinct: Romania CR[42]
Spalax zemni Podolian mole-rat Extant: Ukraine EN[43]
Spermophilus citellus European ground squirrel Extant: Austria; Bulgaria; Czechia; Greece; Hungary; Moldova; North Macedonia; Romania; Serbia; Slovakia; Türkiye; Ukraine

Extant, reintroduced: Poland Extirpated: Croatia; Germany

EN[44]
Spermophilus suslicus Speckled ground squirrel Extant: Belarus; Moldova; Poland; Russia; Ukraine CR[45]
Ursus maritimus Polar bear Extant: Canada; Greenland; Norway; Russia; Svalbard and Jan Mayen; United States (Alaska)

Presence uncertain, vagrant: Iceland

VU[46]
Vormela peregusna Marbled polecat Extant: Afghanistan; Armenia; Azerbaijan; Bulgaria; China; Egypt (Sinai); Georgia; Greece; Iran; Iraq; Israel; Kazakhstan; Lebanon; Mongolia; Montenegro; North Macedonia; Pakistan; Romania; Russia; Serbia; Syria; Turkmenistan; Türkiye; Ukraine; Uzbekistan VU[47]

See also

References

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