Curzon Ultimatum

The Curzon Ultimatum
The United Kingdom memorandum to the government of the RSFSR
TypeUltimatum
ContextThe Curzon Ultimatum was issued to the Soviet Government by the British Foreign Minister, demanding a cessation of Soviet revolutionary agitation in Southern and Islamic Asia.
Drafted8 May 1923
Signed9 June 1923
Signatories
Parties

The Curzon Ultimatum was a British ultimatum delivered by British Foreign Secretary Lord Curzon to the Soviet government on the 8 May 1923. The ultimatum was a response to heightened Soviet revolutionary agitation in Islamic Asia and India, areas under British influence or control. The Ultimatum called for the Soviet Union to completely cease its revolutionary agitation and operations in Afghanistan, Persia (Iran) and India, including the withdrawal of Comintern envoys in those regions. The ultimatum threatened to cut diplomatic and strategic trade ties with the Soviet Union if it refused.[1]

On 4 June 1923, the Soviet Union agreed to these demands, not willing to sever newly built economic ties with the United Kingdom that were necessary to their industrial development. The negotiations were hailed as a success by both Lord Curzon and the Soviet Government, as Britain was able to ward off Communist revolutionary activity, whilst the Soviet Union maintained their trade relations.[2][3][4][5]

See also

References

  1. ^ Jacobson, Jon (1994). "When the Soviet Union Entered World Politics". publishing.cdlib.org. Retrieved 14 March 2025.
  2. ^ Sergeev, Evgeny (2022). "The Bolsheviks and Britain during the Russian Revolution and Civil War, 1917–24". www.bloomsburycollections.com. Retrieved 14 March 2025.
  3. ^ Sklyarov, Sergey A. (15 March 2023). "Curzon's Ultimatum and Its Impact on the USSR Policy Towards Poland". RUDN Journal of Russian History (in Russian). 22 (1): 139–150. doi:10.22363/2312-8674-2023-22-1-139-150. ISSN 2312-8690.
  4. ^ Edgell, Alvin George (1951). Parliament and the Curzon Ultimatum to Russia of 1923. University of Chicago, Department of International Relations.
  5. ^ White, Stephen (1979). Britain and the Bolshevik Revolution. doi:10.1007/978-1-349-04299-9. ISBN 978-1-349-04301-9.

Further reading

  • Peyrat, E., Ironside, K. The Communist World of Public Debt (1917–1991): The Failure of a Countermodel?. Nicolas Barreyre; Nicolas Delalande. “A World of Public Debts: A Political History”, Palgrave Macmillan, p. 317-345, 2020, Palgrave Studies in the History of Finance (PSHF), 978-3-030-48794-2. ff10.1007/978-3-030-48794-2_13ff. Ffhal-02971296
  • Carr, Edward Hallett. “The Bolshevik Revolution, 1917-1923”. 3 vols. New York: 1950-53.
  • Chicherin and the Foundations of Soviet-Arab Relations." Vestnik (November 1990): 64-70.
  • Day, Richard B. “The Crisis and the Crash: Soviet Studies of the West (1917-1939)”. London: 1981.
  • Davies, R. W. Editor. “From Tsarism to the New Economic Policy: Continuity and Change in the Economy of the USSR”. Ithaca, N.Y.: 1991.
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is available under Creative Commons Attribution-Share Alike 4.0 unless otherwise noted. Additional terms may apply for the media files.