Taraclia

Taraclia
Тараклия
  • From top, left to right: Taraclia city sign
  • World War II memorial
  • Saint George church
  • Hadjidinkova cheshma
  • Bust of Olimpiy Panov
Taraclia
Location of Taraclia in Moldova
Coordinates: 45°54′0″N 28°40′08″E / 45.90000°N 28.66889°E / 45.90000; 28.66889
Country Moldova
District Taraclia District
Founded1813
Government
 • MayorEcaterina Iacobceac[1]
Elevation
76 m (249 ft)
Population
 • Total
10,021
Ethnicity (2024 census)
 • Bulgarians76.3%
 • Gagauz people8.2%
 • other17.7%
Time zoneUTC+2 (EET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+3 (EEST)
ClimateCfb
Websitetaraclia.md

Taraclia (Romanian pronunciation: [taraˈkli.a]; Bulgarian: Тараклия) is a city located in the south of Moldova. It is the capital of Taraclia District and the center of Bulgarians in Moldova.

History

Prehistory

The earliest archaeological sites near the present day city show the existence of a settlement belonging to the Gumelnița culture, discovered in 1980. Human activity shows the construction of dwellings, dugouts, flint tools, grain and animal bones, pointing to livestock herding. Clay artifacts show influence from the Cucuteni–Trypillia culture pointing to the area being a contact point between the two cultures. Excavations have revealed large dwellings alongside ceramics, bronze and gold. The settlement likely ceased to exist due to a recorded wild fire in the area, wiping out the local Gumelnița.

Following the retreat of the Gumelnița, the Yamnaya culture spread into the area, shown by various burial mounds and wooden chariots found in the area, outgrown by the Catacomb culture.

During the Middle Bronze Age, members of the Multi-cordoned ware culture settled the region. They made distinct burial mounds, with the deceased usually buried facing the east.[3]

Middle ages

In the 7th century the Bulgar Khan Asparuh led the Bulgar horde to the region of Budjak and the Danube, including the present day are of Taraclia. Migrations to the area lasted until the 8th century until the established First Bulgarian Empire retreated from Budjak due to pressure from the Pechenegs.

In 1569 around 30 clans of Nogais from the Astrakhan area arrived in the Budjak area, with several latter waves following. In the period of 1606-1637 the region was dominated by Nogai-Tatars of the Manghud tribe, which lasted until the Russian annexation of Bessarabia in 1812.[4]

19th century

The settlement of Taraclia was founded in 1813, although they have been settling there much earlier.[5] It is believed the city derives its name from a Nogai-Tatar village named "Tarak" meaning ridge or comb, located south of the present day city or from a local Tatar clan named "Tarakly".[6] The first settlers arrived at Taraclia during the Russo-Turkish war of 1806–1812. In 1821 it has settled a large group, which was originally located in the nearby village Aluatu. Following the Russo-Turkish War (1828–1829), a large wave of Bulgarian refugees from the Ottoman Empire, specifically northeastern Bulgaria, settled the area, corresponding to Tatars who were expelled from the area of Budjak. Initially the then village was founded by 49 families, with the latter wave of refugees bringing in an additional 241 people. Having the rights of colonists, they built houses and churches and had children, taking advantage of several decades of privileges granted to them by the Tsarist Russian government. By 1816 the settlement had a population of 1,312.[7][8]

In the middle of the 19th century, the famous explorer Apollon Skalkowski wrote about them: "Residents, good hosts, herds of large cattle, sheep, and a great deal to the success of horticulture and viticulture, and women bred mulberry trees, collect the cocoons and have silk in large quantities"[8]

Modern era

In the interwar period, the city was the seat of Plasa Traian, in Cahul County, Romania. During this period a portion of the population in the region migrated South America, specifically Brazil. The Romanian state took no action to stop this phenomenon among people in Bessarabia, while not allowing migration of inhabitants in the "Old Kingdom".[9]

In 1999 the city was the administrative center of the Taraclia County, which was later reformed to the Taraclia District.[10]

Demographics

According to the 2024 census, 10,021 inhabitants lived in Taraclia, a decrease compared to the previous census in 2014, when 12,355 inhabitants were registered.[11][12]

Ethnic composition of Taraclia (2024)
  1. Bulgarians (76.3%)
  2. Gagauz (8.20%)
  3. Moldovans[a] (7.30%)
  4. Romanians (0.10%)
  5. Russians (4.00%)
  6. Ukrainians (2.70%)
  7. Others (1.20%)
Linguistic composition of Taraclia (2024)
  1. Bulgarian (73.9%)
  2. Russian (11.6%)
  3. Gagauz (6.60%)
  4. Moldovan (5.80%)
  5. Romanian (0.10%)
  6. Ukrainian (1.20%)
  7. Other (0.70%)
Historical population
YearPop.±%
1816 1,312—    
1835 2,376+81.1%
1877 3,029+27.5%
1930 8,507+180.9%
1959 5,986−29.6%
1970 11,336+89.4%
1979 11,717+3.4%
1989 14,726+25.7%
2004 13,756−6.6%
2014 12,355−10.2%
2024 10,021−18.9%

Education

The Gregory Tsamblak State University, co-funded by Bulgaria and Moldova, was established in 2004. The languages of education are Bulgarian and Romanian. In 2025 it was acquired by the University of Ruse in Bulgaria.[13][14]

Media

Notable people

  • Olimpiy Panov (1852–1887), Bulgarian military figure
  • Timofei Silistaru, Member of the Moldovan Parliament (1917–1918)

International relations

Twin towns – Sister cities

Taraclia is twinned with:

Notes

  1. ^ There is an ongoing controversy regarding the ethnic identification of Moldovans and Romanians.

References

  1. ^ "Rezultate alegeri locale la Taraclia: Ecaterina Iacobceac câștigă funcția de primar". Tv8.md. Retrieved 9 June 2026.
  2. ^ Results of Population and Housing Census in the Republic of Moldova in 2014: "Characteristics - Population (population by communes, religion, citizenship)" (XLS). National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. 2017. Retrieved 1 May 2017.
  3. ^ Червенков, Николай; Думиника, Иван (2013). Тараклии — 200 лет Т. 1 (1813−1940). pp. 16–22.
  4. ^ Червенков, Николай; Думиника, Иван (2013). Тараклии — 200 лет. Т. 1 (1813−1940). pp. 32–36.
  5. ^ см.: Кабузан В.М. Народонаселение Бессарабской области и левобережных районов Приднестровья. М., 1974. С.88
  6. ^ Serghei Priorov. "ИЗ ИСТОРИИ ТАРАКЛИЙСКОГО РАЙОНА - FROM THE HISTORY OF TARACLIA REGION" (PDF). Dir.upsc.md. Retrieved 9 June 2026.
  7. ^ Михаил Киосе. "НАСЕЛЕНИЕ И РАЗВИТИЕ ХОЗЯЙСТВА В ТАРАКЛИИ С 1813 ПО 1940 ГОД" (PDF). Ibn.idsi.md. Retrieved 9 June 2026.
  8. ^ a b "О Тараклии". Archived from the original on 17 May 2013.
  9. ^ Червенков, Николай; Думиника, Иван (2013). Тараклии — 200 лет. Т. 1 (1813−1940). pp. 288–295.
  10. ^ Moldova, Europa Liberă (24 October 2009). "22.10.99 - Chișinău: Raionul Taraclia capătă statut de județ". Radio Europa Liberă (in Romanian). Retrieved 7 June 2026.
  11. ^ "Rezultatele finale ale Recensământului Populației și Locuințelor 2024: Caracteristici etnoculturale ale populației". National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. (in Romanian)
  12. ^ "2014 Moldova Census of Population and Housing". National Bureau of Statistics of the Republic of Moldova. (in Romanian, Russian, and English)
  13. ^ "The branch of Angel Kanchev University of Rousse officially acquires the ex Taraclia University building". Gov.bg. Retrieved 7 June 2026.
  14. ^ "Branch of Angel Kanchev University of Bulgaria to be opened in Taraclia". Old.gov.md. Retrieved 9 June 2026.

Further reading

  • Думиника И. И.; Червенков Н. Н. (2013). Тараклии — 200 лет. Т. 1 (1813−1940) [Taraclia - 200 years, Part I (1813−1940)] (in Russian). Chișinău