Tajiks in Uzbekistan

Tajiks in Uzbekistan
Languages
Tajik, Bukharian and Uzbek
Religion
Sunni Islam
Related ethnic groups
Other Iranian peoples [Andijani peoples]

Tajiks in Uzbekistan are ethnic Tajiks residing in the Republic of Uzbekistan. Tajiks are the second largest ethnic group in Uzbekistan. Most are Sunni Muslims and, according to government estimates, make up 1.7 million people (4.8% of the population, 2021).[1] According to subjective experts, the number of Tajiks in Uzbekistan ranges from 8 to 11 million or 25-30%.[2][3] For most Tajiks, Uzbek and Russian, the official languages of Uzbekistan, are the primary languages of communication. Tajiks are the indigenous population of the region and have long inhabited the eastern regions of Uzbekistan.[4] While their precise number is debated, it is agreed upon that Tajiks are the second largest ethnic group in Uzbekistan after Uzbeks.

History

Uzbekisation

Main article: Uzbekisation

Due to assimilation pressures starting in 1924 with the establishment of the Uzbek SSR, many ethnic Tajiks identified themselves as Uzbeks in population censuses and preferred to be registered as Uzbek in their passports to avoid relocation to the less developed agricultural and mountainous regions of the Tajik SSR.[5]

Population

The Statistics Agency of Uzbekistan states the Tajik population to be 4.8%;[6][7] the cities such as Samarkand and Bukhara have Tajik majority population.[8] According to the ethnographers, Tajiks in the Fergana Valley were concentrated mainly in its western and northwestern parts: Chust, Asht, Sokh and their environs, and they made up 85% of the population of these areas. In the rest of the Fergana Valley, Tajik villages were interspersed among the Uzbek ones.[9]

The increase in the percentage of Tajiks from 3.9% in 1979 to 4.7% in 1989 in the first table can be partly attributed to a change in census instructions. The 1989 census allowed respondents to report their nationality based on ethnic self-identification rather than passport information for the first time.[10]

The official census put Tajik population to be 4.8% population in 2021.[11] Other estimates put the number of Tajiks in Uzbekistan at a much higher 25-30%.[12] While the precise number of Tajiks in Uzbekistan is debated, it is agreed upon that they are the second largest ethnic group in Uzbekistan after Uzbeks.

The official number of Tajiks in Uzbekistan since 1926[note 1]
Year Number Percent Source
1926 350,670 7.4% [13]
1939 317,560 5.1% [14]
1959 311,375 3.8% [15]
1970 457,356 3.8% [16]
1979 594,627 3.9% [17]
1989 933,560 4.7% [18]
2017 1,544,700 4.8% [19]
2021 1,657,336 4.8% [11]
The official 2021 number of Tajiks in Uzbekistan per region/republic[11][note 2]
Region of Uzbekistan Number
Surxondaryo Region 334,120
Samarkand Region 280,447
Namangan Region 255,699
Fergana Region 223,516
Tashkent Region 164,519
Qashqadaryo Region 135,262
Sirdaryo Region 80,018
Bukhara Region 60,898
Andijan Region 39,639
Tashkent (Capital) 35,096
Jizzakh Region 33,051
Navoiy Region 14,355
Khorazm Region 433
Karakalpakstan (Autonomous republic) 283

Notable people

See also

Notes

  1. ^ These Numbers come from official Soviet and Uzbek censuses, the numbers these censuses produced are contested
  2. ^ These numbers come from the 2021 official Uzbekistan census, the numbers this census produced are contested

References

  1. ^ "Data on the ethnic composition of the population of Uzbekistan 2021/08/20". Statistics Agency of Uzbekistan. Retrieved 30 May 2025.
  2. ^ Richard Foltz, «The Tajiks of Uzbekistan», Central Asian Survey, 15(2), 213—216 (1996).
  3. ^ Paul Bergne. The Birth of Tajikistan: National Identity and the Origins of the Republic. — I.B.Tauris, 2007. — С. 100-110. — 207 с.
  4. ^ World Directory of Minorities and Indigenous Peoples
  5. ^ Rahim Masov, The History of the Clumsy Delimitation, Irfon Publ. House, Dushanbe, 1991 (in Russian). English translation: The History of a National Catastrophe, transl. Iraj Bashiri, 1996
  6. ^ "Population". 2008-06-20. Archived from the original on 2008-06-20. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  7. ^ "Uzbekistan", The World Factbook, Central Intelligence Agency, 2024-06-20, archived from the original on July 19, 2024, retrieved 2024-07-03
  8. ^ "Узбекистан: Таджикский язык подавляется :: Озодагон". 2019-03-22. Archived from the original on 2019-03-22. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  9. ^ ГУБАЕВА С.С. ОСНОВНЫЕ НАПРАВЛЕНИЯ ЭТНИЧЕСКИХ ПРОЦЕССОВ В ФЕРГАНСКОЙ ДОЛИНЕ В КОНЦЕ XIX — НАЧАЛЕ XX в. (К проблеме поздних этапов этнической истории Средней Азии). АВТОРЕФЕРАТ диссертации на соискание ученой степени доктора исторических наук. М., 1992, с.16.
  10. ^ "Ethnic Atlas of Uzbekistan". 2008-10-06. Archived from the original on 2008-10-06. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  11. ^ a b c "Permanent population by national and / or ethnic group, urban / rural place of residence". 2023-02-02. Archived from the original on 2023-02-02. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  12. ^ Richard Foltz, "The Tajiks of Uzbekistan", Central Asian Survey, 15(2), 213-216 (1996).
  13. ^ "All-Union Population Census of 1926". 2015-02-08. Archived from the original on 2015-02-08. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  14. ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". 2011-07-22. Archived from the original on 2011-07-22. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  15. ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". 2010-03-16. Archived from the original on 2010-03-16. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  16. ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". 2009-12-03. Archived from the original on 2009-12-03. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  17. ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". 2010-03-24. Archived from the original on 2010-03-24. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  18. ^ "Демоскоп Weekly - Приложение. Справочник статистических показателей". 2010-03-16. Archived from the original on 2010-03-16. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
  19. ^ "Telegram: Contact @statistika_rasmiy". 2023-02-02. Archived from the original on 2023-02-02. Retrieved 2024-07-03.
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