Survival epidemiology

Survival epidemiology is a field of medical science dedicated to the study of health outcomes following diagnosis in populations living with an established disease.[1] It focuses on postdiagnosis outcomes such as mortality, recurrence, progression, treatment tolerance and functional outcomes, and uses epidemiologic and causal-inference approaches tailored to the postdiagnosis period.[2]

The field was first defined in the Journal of Clinical Epidemiology by epidemiologist Raphael E. Cuomo,[1][3] commonly cited as the father of survival epidemiology.[4][5][6][2] Survival epidemiology treats diagnosis as a boundary that can change time scales, effect modifiers (e.g., stage and treatment pathway), and bias structures, including conditioning on disease (collider stratification), time-dependent confounding, immortal time bias and reverse causation.[5][7][8]

Methodologies emphasized by survival epidemiology include aligning time zero with clinical decision points, defining exposures as clinical strategies, and applying approaches such as target-trial emulation, marginal structural models, g-computation, joint models, and competing-risk and multistate frameworks.[1][7][2] A STROBE-inspired checklist for reporting survival epidemiology studies has been proposed.[9]

Applications span disease areas with structured clinical trajectories and longitudinal medical records, including oncology and cardiometabolic, renal, pulmonary and hepatic conditions, and include efforts to distinguish prevention recommendations from postdiagnosis guidance when evidence differs.[4][6][10]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Cuomo, Raphael E. (27 December 2025). "Defining survival epidemiology: postdiagnosis population science for people living with disease". Journal of Clinical Epidemiology. 191 112122. doi:10.1016/j.jclinepi.2025.112122. Retrieved 30 December 2025.
  2. ^ a b c Pendelton, Beatrice S.; Eleanor J. Vance; Thomas O. Croft (31 August 2025). "Implications of Survival Epidemiology for the Field of Bioinformatics". American Journal of Bioinformatics. 6 (4). doi:10.71465/ajb.3457. Retrieved 10 January 2026.
  3. ^ Lyons, Noah (12 February 2026). "A game-changer: UC San Diego professor initiates a new field of medical science". San Diego Union-Tribune. Retrieved 13 February 2026.
  4. ^ a b Frausto, Elisabeth (4 February 2026). "Survival epidemiology: La Jolla researcher introduces new field of science". La Jolla News. Retrieved 5 February 2026.
  5. ^ a b Benz, Marie (6 February 2026). "UCSD Discusses Importance of Studying Survival Epidemiology". MedicalResearch.com. Retrieved 7 February 2026.
  6. ^ a b "Raphael Cuomo Outlines Core Principles of Survival Epidemiology". OncoDaily. 7 January 2026. Retrieved 1 February 2026.
  7. ^ a b Arthur Walker, M.D. (29 December 2025). "Raphael Cuomo, Father of Survival Epidemiology, Outlines Key Tenets of Survival Epidemiology in New Article". Body Point For Me. Retrieved 2 January 2026.
  8. ^ Christian. "Landmark Science Innovations from Raphael E. Cuomo". UrbanMatter. Retrieved 11 January 2026.
  9. ^ Lin, Hua (29 December 2025). "Scientific Reporting Standards for Survival Epidemiology: Principles and a STROBE-Inspired Checklist". SSRN. doi:10.2139/ssrn.5991074. Retrieved 21 January 2026.
  10. ^ "World Cancer Day highlights screening importance and treatment advances: Survival epidemiology". WKYC. Retrieved 6 February 2026.
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