Special-use domain name

A special-use domain name is a domain name that is defined and reserved in the hierarchy of the Domain Name System of the Internet for special purposes. The designation of a reserved special-use domain is authorized by the Internet Engineering Task Force (IETF) and executed, maintained, and published by the Internet Assigned Numbers Authority (IANA).[1]

Reserved domain names

The following list comprises the domain names list by IANA in the category of special-use domain names.[2]

Domain Purpose Authority document
.alt Preventing name collisions with DNS RFC 9476[3]
6tisch.arpa IETF 6TiSCH working group RFC 9031[4]
10.in-addr.arpa Reverse mapping for (RFC 1918[5]) IPv4 private internets RFC 6761[1]
16.172.in-addr.arpa
17.172.in-addr.arpa
18.172.in-addr.arpa
19.172.in-addr.arpa
20.172.in-addr.arpa
21.172.in-addr.arpa
22.172.in-addr.arpa
23.172.in-addr.arpa
24.172.in-addr.arpa
25.172.in-addr.arpa
26.172.in-addr.arpa
27.172.in-addr.arpa
28.172.in-addr.arpa
29.172.in-addr.arpa
30.172.in-addr.arpa
31.172.in-addr.arpa
168.192.in-addr.arpa
170.0.0.192.in-addr.arpa NAT64 prefix discovery[6] RFC 8880[7]
171.0.0.192.in-addr.arpa
ipv4only.arpa
254.169.in-addr.arpa Reverse zone for the (RFC 3927[8]) IPv4 link-local address space RFC 6303[9]
8.e.f.ip6.arpa Reverse zones for the (RFC 4291[10]) IPv6 link-local address space
9.e.f.ip6.arpa
a.e.f.ip6.arpa
b.e.f.ip6.arpa
.home.arpa Non-unique use in residential networks RFC 8375[11]
.example Documentation, tutorials RFC 6761[1]
example.com
example.net
example.org
.invalid Expected to always be invalid[12] RFC 6761[1]
.local Used in multicast DNS (mDNS) RFC 6762[13]: §3 
.localhost Refers to the loopback addresses (:: and 127.0.0.1) RFC 6761[1]
.onion Anonymous onion service RFC 7686[14]
.test Network testing RFC 6761[1]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f S. Cheshire; M. Krochmal (February 2013). Special-Use Domain Names. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC6761. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 6761. Proposed Standard. Updates RFC 1918 and 2606.
  2. ^ "Special-Use Domain Names". Internet Assigned Number Authority. Retrieved 2020-06-16.
  3. ^ W. Kumari; MP. Hoffman (September 2023). The .alt Special-Use Top-Level Domain. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC9476. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 9476. Proposed Standard.
  4. ^ J. Simon; K. Pister; M. Richardson (May 2021). M. Vučinić (ed.). Constrained Join Protocol (CoJP) for 6TiSCH. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC9031. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 9031. Proposed Standard.
  5. ^ Y. Rekhter; B. Moskowitz; D. Karrenberg; G. J. de Groot; E. Lear (February 1996). Address Allocation for Private Internets. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC1918. BCP 5. RFC 1918. Best Current Practice 5. Obsoletes RFC 1627 and 1597. Updated by RFC 6761.
  6. ^ T. Savolainen; J. Korhonen; D. Wing (November 2013). Discovery of the IPv6 Prefix Used for IPv6 Address Synthesis. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC7050. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 7050. Proposed Standard. Updated by RFC 8880.
  7. ^ S. Cheshire; D. Schinazi (August 2020). Special Use Domain Name 'ipv4only.arpa'. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC8880. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 8880. Proposed Standard. Updates RFC 7788.
  8. ^ S. Cheshire; B. Aboba; E. Guttman (May 2005). Dynamic Configuration of IPv4 Link-Local Addresses. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC3927. RFC 3927. Proposed Standard.
  9. ^ Mark P. Andrews (July 2011). Locally Served DNS Zones. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC6303. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 6303. Best Current Practice.
  10. ^ R. Hinden; S. Deering (February 2006). IP Version 6 Addressing Architecture. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC4291. RFC 4291. Draft Standard. Obsoletes RFC 3513. Updated by RFC 5952, 6052, 7136, 7346, 7371 and 8064.
  11. ^ P. Pfister; T. Lemon (May 2018). Special-Use Domain 'home.arpa.'. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC8375. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 8375. Proposed Standard. Updates RFC 7788.
  12. ^ D. Eastlake; A. Panitz (June 1999). Reserved Top Level DNS Names. Network Working Group. doi:10.17487/RFC2606. BCP 32. RFC 2606. Best Current Practice 32. Updated by RFC 6761.
  13. ^ S. Cheshire; M. Krochmal (February 2013). Multicast DNS. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC6762. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 6762. Proposed Standard.
  14. ^ J. Appelbaum; A. Muffett (October 2015). The ".onion" Special-Use Domain Name. Internet Engineering Task Force. doi:10.17487/RFC7686. ISSN 2070-1721. RFC 7686. Proposed Standard.
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