Short-term rental

Short-term rentals (STR) are furnished lodging rented for short periods of time.^[1] They can be used as alternatives to hotels for vacation rentals and housing during relocation.^[2] They are usually reserved via online marketplaces such as Airbnb and Booking.com.

Regulations have been imposed on short-term rental platforms after proponents argued that short-term rental has reduced affordable housing and contributed to the increase of long-term rental prices due to changes in housing supply and demand; short-term rentals can be more lucrative than long-term rentals for landlords and also attract investors who bid up housing prices.^[3] Supporters of short-term rentals argue that the impact on housing prices has been minimal and that the way to increase affordable housing is to increase the housing supply.^[4][5] Examples include Lisbon, where a moratorium on short-term rentals did not reduce housing costs; it only increased hotel prices.^[6]

In rare cases, landlords have been accused of illegally evicting tenants to convert properties into short-term rentals to obtain higher rents.^[7]

The hotel industry has lobbied for additional regulations on short-term rentals, which compete with hotels.^[8] Short-term rental platforms also use lobbying to promote their interests.^[9]

In addition to government-imposed restrictions, many homeowner associations also limit short-term rentals.^[10] Neighborhood community groups have voiced concern that short-term residents can cause issues with congestion, noise, and safety.^[4]

Regulation of short-term rentals can include requirements for hosts to have business licenses, payment of hotel taxes, limitations on the number of days that a space is rented, requirements for hosts to occupy the space, and compliance with building, city and zoning standards.

• Amsterdam: Hosts can rent their properties for up to 30 nights per year to a group of no more than four at a time.^[11] Short-term rentals are banned in certain areas.^[12]
• Barcelona: Licenses and higher property taxes are required.^[13][14][15] All short-term rentals will be banned in November 2028.^[16]
• Berlin: Licenses are required. Hosts must live in most of the property.^[17]
• Budapest: Licenses and taxation are required; short-term rentals are banned in certain areas.^[18]
• Ireland: Licenses are required. Short-term rentals are restricted to a maximum of 90 days per year for primary residences.^[19][20][21]
• Lisbon: Licenses are required. Short-term rentals are limited to 10% of the housing stock.^[6]
• London: Short-term rentals are limited to 90 days per year.^[22][23]
• Lucerne: Short-term rentals are limited to 90 days per year.^[24][25]
• Madrid: Listings without private entrances are banned.^[26]
• Palma de Mallorca: Short-term rentals are banned.^[27]
• Paris: Hosts can rent their homes for no more than 120 days per year.^[28] Licenses are required.^[29]
• Rome: Short-term rental sites are required to withhold a 21% rental income tax.^[30]
• Venice: Hosts must collect and remit tourist taxes.^[31][32]
• Vienna: Short-term rentals are banned in specific "residential zones" within the city, with the exemption of apartments occupied by the host.^[33]

• Phoenix, Arizona: Most regulations are not allowed since municipalities are prohibited from interfering in property rights.^[34]
• Boston, Massachusetts: Short-term rentals are only allowed in owner-occupied condominiums, single-family, two-family, and three-family buildings. Registration is required.^[35]
• Chicago, Illinois: Licenses are required. Single-night stays are prohibited.^[36]
• Jersey City, New Jersey: Hosts are only allowed to rent for 60 days per year.^[37][38]
• Las Vegas, Nevada: Owners must occupy the property; must be away from casinos, licenses are required, limited to 1% of housing stock.^[39]
• Los Angeles, California: Hosts must register with the city planning department and pay an $89 fee and cannot home-share for more than 120 days in a calendar year.^[40][41]
• Miami, Florida: Short-term rentals are banned in most neighborhoods, in part due to lobbying efforts of the hotel industry.^[42][43]
• New York City, New York: Licenses are required. Rentals under 30 days are prohibited unless the host is present on the property.^[44]
• Portland, Oregon: The number of bedrooms in a single unit that may be listed is limited.^[45]
• San Diego, California: Units for short-term rental are limited to 1% of the housing stock and licenses are required.^[46]
• San Francisco, California: Registration by hosts is required.^[47]
• Santa Cruz, California: Local Board of supervisors discussed parking restrictions in the areas where there are many short-term rentals, in order to discourage people from staying there, and prioritize the local residents' ability to park.^[48]
• Santa Monica, California: Licenses are required. Hosts are prohibited from listing multiple properties.^[49]
• Seattle, Washington: Licenses are required. Hosts cannot rent more than two units.^[50]
• Washington, D.C.: Licenses are required. If the host does not live on the property, rentals are limited to 90 days each year.^[51]
• Weehawken, New Jersey: Short-term rentals under 30 days are banned.^[52]
• West New York, New Jersey: Short-term rentals under 30 days are banned.^[53]

• Montreal: Short-term rentals must be in a host's primary residence. Only allowed between June 10 and September 10. Prohibited in certain districts.^[54]
• Toronto: Licenses are required. Short-term rentals must be in a host's primary residence. Taxes are required.^[55]
• Vancouver: Licenses are required; cost C$1,108/year. Short-term rentals must be in a host's primary residence.^[56]

• Japan: Licenses are required; a home can be rented for a maximum of 180 days per year.^[57]
• Singapore: Short-term home rentals of less than three months for private properties or less than six months for Housing and Development Board flats are illegal.^[58]

• Apartment hotel
• Condo hotel
• Vacation property
• Sharing economy