Salagou Formation

Salagou Formation
Stratigraphic range: Permian
TypeFormation
Location
CountryFrance

The Salagou Formation is a geologic formation in France. It preserves fossils dating back to the Permian period.[1]

Geology

The Salagou Formation is a fine-grained loessite which is a deposit of red mudstone. It was created by the Montage Noire Dome.[1]

Fauna

The formation is known for its diverse and numerous insect fossils.

Caloneurodea 

genus species  locality  age  classification 
Nanogramma [2] N. gandi F34, Les Vignasses Artinskian
Jarmiloptera [2] J. mouralensis F34, Les Vignasses Artinskian  

Cnemidolestodea 

genus  species  locality  age  classification 
Tococladus [3] T. garrici F30, Sallèles & F19, Arièges Artinskian & Kungurian A member of Tococladidae.

Diaphanopterodea 

genus  species  locality  age classification 
Lodevohymen[4] lapeyriei F23, Les Canals Kungurian
Phaneroneura [5] P. minuta F19, Arièges & F28, Notre Dame des Clans Artinskian & Kungurian A member of Martynoviidae. 
Salagouneura [5] S. chimaira F19, Arièges & F28, Notre Dame des Clans Artinskian & Kungurian A member of Martynoviidae.
Alexrasnitsynia [4] A. permiana (unspecified) Kungurian A member of Alexrasnitsyniidae.
Permelmoa [4] P. magnifica F34, Les Vignasses Artinskian A member of Parelmoidae.

Glosselytrodea

genus species locality age classification
Surijoka [6] S. lutevensis F23, Les Canals Kungurian A member of Jurinidae

Hemiptera

genus species locality age classification
Euroscytinia [7] E. lutevanorum F19, Arièges Kungurian A member of Scytinopteridae
Lutevanaphis [8] L. permiana F34, Les Vignasses Artinskian A member of Lutevanaphididae
Permopsyllidium[7][9] P. lesclansis F28, Notre Dame des Clans Artinskian A member of Permopsyllidiidae
Prosbole P. dio [7] F20, Dio Kungurian A member of Prosbolidae
P. garrici [7] Les Singles Kungurian A member of Prosbolidae

Megasecoptera

genus species locality age classification
Sinitshenkovae [10] S. gallica F23, Les Canals Kungurian A member of Xenopteraidae

Neuroptera

genus species locality age classification
Permoneuroptera [11] P. lapeyriea Kungurian A member of Permoneuropteridae

Notoptera

Depressopterum[12] D. minutus F19, Arièges Kungurian A member of Liomopteridae
Lodevopterum [12] L. angustus F31, Bouisset Kungurian A member of Euremiscidae
Lodevoisadia [13] L. coheni Near Lodève Kungurian A member of Grylloblattodea
Oborella[14][7] O. lodevensis F40, Le Moural B Kungurian A member of Lemmatophoridae
Permobaharellus [7] P. salagousensis F34, Les Vignasses Artinskian A member of Grylloblattodea

Odonatoptera

genus species locality age classification
Epilestes [15] E. gallica F23, Les Canals Kungurian A member of Permagrionoidea
Huangiopterum [7] H. lodevense F38, Saut des Vaches Kungurian A member of Huangiopteridae
Lapeyria [16] L. magnifica F23, Les Canals Kungurian A member of Lapeyriidae
Lodevia [15] L. longialata F31, Bouisset, F21D, Le Moural D Artinskian & Kungurian A member of Permagrionidae
Salagoulestes [17] S. wesleyi La Prade Kungurian A member of Permagrionidae
Saxonagrion [18] S. minutus F23, Les Canals Kungurian A member of Saxonagrionidae

Meganisoptera

genus species locality age classification
Arctotypus A. gallicus [19] F34, Les Vignasses, F23, Les Canals Artinskian & Kungurian A member of Meganeuridae
A. intermedius [19] F41, Le Mourrel, F45, Rieu Peyre-la Boutine Kungurian A member of Meganeuridae
A. merifonsensis [19] F41, Le Mourrel Kungurian A member of Meganeuridae
Curvitupus [19] C. ariengensis F19, Arièges Kungurian A member of Meganeuridae
Nannotupus [19] N. pumilio F40, Le Devès, F45, Rieu Peyre-la Boutine Kungurian A member of Meganeuridae
Permotupus P. minor [19] F44, Le Planas Kungurian A member of Meganeuridae
P. ollieorum [19] F41, Le Mourrel Kungurian A member of Meganeuridae
Tupus [19] T. gallicus F41, Le Mourrel Kungurian A member of Meganeuridae

Orthoptera

genus species locality age classification
Bethouxia [7] B. ariegensis F19, Arièges Kungurian A member of Archaeorthoptera
Crinoedischia [20] C. lapeyriei F19, Arièges Kungurian A member of Proparagryllacrididae
Iasvia I. reticulata [21] F28, Notre Dame des Clans, F32, Col des Détroits, F34, Les Vignasses, F45, Rieu Peyre-la Boutine Artinskian & Kungurian A member of Oedischiidae
I. secunda [21] F28, Notre Dame des Clans Artinskian A member of Oedischiidae
Lodevolongzhua[7] L. incompleta F21, Le Saut Artinskian A member of Archaeorthoptera
Permophyllum [7] P. rotundatum F32, Col des Détroits, F21, Le Moural Kungurian
Permostridulus [22] P. brongniarti F21, Dio, F40, Le Devès, F41, Le Mourrel Kungurian A member of Permostridulidae
Raphogla [23] R. rubra F21D, Le Moural D Artinskian A member of Raphoglidae

Paoliida

genus species locality age classification
Lodevocladus [7] L. subtilis F40, Le Devès Kungurian A member of Anthracoptilidae
Permotermospis [24] P. gallica Kungurian A member of Anthracoptilidae
Strephocladus S. gandi [7] F19, Arièges Kungurian A member of Anthracoptilidae
S. mouralensis [7] F21, Le Moural Artinskian A member of Anthracoptilidae
S. permianus [25] (unspecified) Kungurian A member of Anthracoptilidae

Palaeodictyoptera

genus species locality age classification
Lodetiella [26] L. magnifica La Lieude farm Kungurian A member of Calvertiellidae

Reculida

genus species locality age classification
Lodevophlebia [7] L. reticulata F21D, Le Moural D Artinskian A member of Sylvaphlebiidae

Other insects

genus species locality age classification
Permoponopteryx [27] P. lodevensis F34, Les Vignasses, F23, Les Canals Artinskian & Kungurian Unknown affinities

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Pfeifer, Lily S.; Hinnov, Linda; Zeeden, Christian; Rolf, Christian; Laag, Christian; Soreghan, Gerilyn S. (2020). "Rock Magnetic Cyclostratigraphy of Permian Loess in Eastern Equatorial Pangea (Salagou Formation, South-Central France)". Frontiers in Earth Science. 8: 241. Bibcode:2020FrEaS...8..241P. doi:10.3389/feart.2020.00241. hdl:11244/331243. ISSN 2296-6463.
  2. ^ a b Lapeyrie, Jean; Lapeyrie, Jean; Nel, André; Nel, André; Béthoux, Olivier; Béthoux, Olivier (2004). "Review of the order Caloneurodea". MiIZ PAN, patrz sygn. czas. P.4314, vol 54, no 2. doi:10.3161/0003454043540837.
  3. ^ Béthoux, Olivier; Nel, André; Galtier, Jean; Lapeyrie, Jean; Gand, Georges (2003-05-01). "A new species of Tococladidae CARPENTER, 1966 from the Permian of France (Insecta: Archaeorthoptera)". Geobios. 36 (3): 275–283. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(03)00030-5. ISSN 0016-6995.
  4. ^ a b c Prokop, Jakub; Nel, André (2011-09-24). "New Middle Permian palaeopteran insects from Lodève Basin in southern France (Ephemeroptera, Diaphanopterodea, Megasecoptera)". ZooKeys. 130: 41–55. doi:10.3897/zookeys.130.1311. ISSN 1313-2970. PMC 3260748. PMID 22259265.
  5. ^ a b Béthoux, Olivier; Nel, André; Lapeyrie, Jean; Gand, Georges; Galtier, Jean (2003-03-01). "New Martynoviidae from the Permian of Southern France (Lodève basin) (Insecta: Palaeoptera: Diaphanopterodea)". Geobios. 36 (2): 131–139. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(03)00002-0. ISSN 0016-6995.
  6. ^ Bethoux, O.; Nel, A.; Gand, G.; Lapeyrie, J. (2001-01-01). "Surijoka Lutevensis nov. sp.: The first glosselytrodea (insecta) from the upper permian of France (Lodève basin)". Geobios. 34 (4): 405–413. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(01)80004-8. ISSN 0016-6995.
  7. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n Prokop, Jakub; Szwedo, Jacek; Lapeyrie, Jean; Garrouste, Romain; Nel, André (2015-01-02). "New Middle Permian insects from Salagou Formation of the Lodève Basin in southern France (Insecta: Pterygota)". Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.). 51 (1): 14–51. doi:10.1080/00379271.2015.1054645. ISSN 0037-9271.
  8. ^ Szwedo, Jacek; Lapeyrie, Jean; Nel, Andre (January 2015). "Rooting down the aphid's tree – the oldest record of the A phidomorpha lineage from P alaeozoic ( Insecta: Hemiptera)". Systematic Entomology. 40 (1): 207–213. doi:10.1111/syen.12099. ISSN 0307-6970.
  9. ^ Hakim, Marina; Azar, Dany; Szwedo, Jacek; Brysz, Alicja M.; Huang, Diying (2019-06-01). "New paraneopterans (Protopsyllidioidea, Hemiptera) from the mid-Cretaceous amber of northern Myanmar". Cretaceous Research. 98: 136–152. doi:10.1016/j.cretres.2018.12.012. ISSN 0195-6671.
  10. ^ Nel, André; Lapeyrie, Jean; Garrouste, Romain (2019-07-03). "The first European representative of the South American family Xenopteraidae (Insecta: Megasecoptera) discovered in the Guadalupian of Lodève (France)". Alcheringa: An Australasian Journal of Palaeontology. 43 (3): 436–440. doi:10.1080/03115518.2019.1597162. ISSN 0311-5518.
  11. ^ Peng, Ancheng; Boderau, Mathieu; Nel, André; Garrouste, Romain (2025-07-29). "A new enigmatic family from the Middle Permian of Lodève (France) enlightens the venation of Neuroptera". Palaeontographica Abteilung A: 1–7. doi:10.1127/pala/0164.
  12. ^ a b BéThoux, O.; Nel, A.; Lapeyrie, J.; Gand, G. (January 2005). "NEW DATA ON PALEOZOIC GRYLLOBLATTID INSECTS (NEOPTERA)". Journal of Paleontology. 79 (1): 125–138. doi:10.1666/0022-3360(2005)079<0125:NDOPGI>2.0.CO;2. ISSN 0022-3360.
  13. ^ Nel, André; Kundura, Jean-Paul; Pouillon, Jean-Marc; Garrouste, Romain; Jouault, Corentin (2022-12-19). "A new 'grylloblattodean' genus and species (Insecta: Polyneoptera) from the middle Permian Salagou Formation (France)". European Journal of Taxonomy. 852: 77–84. doi:10.5852/ejt.2022.852.2011. ISSN 2118-9773.{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: unflagged free DOI (link)
  14. ^ Poschmann, Markus J.; Nel, André; Raisch, Manfred (2024-03-01). "Diversity and variability of grylloblattidan insects (Grylloblattida) from the early Permian Meisenheim Formation of the Saar-Nahe Basin (SW-Germany)". PalZ. 98 (1): 67–84. doi:10.1007/s12542-023-00672-8. ISSN 1867-6812.
  15. ^ a b Nel, André; Gand, Georges; Garric, Jacques; Lapeyrie, Jean (1999-02). "The first recorded protozygopteran insects from the Upper Permian of France". Palaeontology. 42 (1): 83–97. doi:10.1111/1475-4983.00063. ISSN 0031-0239. {{cite journal}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  16. ^ Nel, André; Gand, Georges; Garric, Jacques (1999-01-01). "A new family of Odonatoptera from the continental Upper Permian: The Lapeyriidae (Lodève Basin, France)". Geobios. 32 (1): 63–72. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(99)80083-7. ISSN 0016-6995.
  17. ^ Fate, Caitlin; Lapeyrie, Jean; Nel, Andre (2013-08-28). "A new Permagrionidae from the Middle Permian of the South of France (Odonatoptera: Protozygoptera)". Zootaxa. 3702 (4): 397–400. doi:10.11646/zootaxa.3702.4.8. ISSN 1175-5334.
  18. ^ Nel, André; Fleck, Gunther; Bethoux, Olivier; Gand, Georges; Lapeyrie, Jean; Garric, Jacques (1999-01-01). "Saxonagrion minutus nov. gen. et sp., the oldest damselfly from the Upper Permian of France (Odonatoptera, Panodonata, Saxonagrionidae nov. fam.)". Geobios. 32 (6): 883–888. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(99)80870-5. ISSN 0016-6995.
  19. ^ a b c d e f g h Nel, André; Fleck, Günther; Garrouste, Romain; Gand, Georges; Lapeyrie, Jean; Bybee, Seth M.; Prokop, Jakub (2009-09-22). "Revision of Permo-Carboniferous griffenflies (Insecta: Odonatoptera: Meganisoptera) based upon new species and redescription of selected poorly known taxa from Eurasia". Palaeontographica Abteilung A: 89–121. doi:10.1127/pala/289/2009/89.
  20. ^ Fernandes, Flávia Rodrigues; Prokop, Jakub; Nel, André (2014-10-02). "Discovery of the genus Crinoedischia in the Middle Permian of France (Insecta: Orthoptera)". Annales de la Société entomologique de France (N.S.). 50 (3–4): 260–263. doi:10.1080/00379271.2014.981420. ISSN 0037-9271.
  21. ^ a b Béthoux, Olivier; Nel, André; Gand, Georges; Lapeyrie, Jean; Galtier, Jean (2002-05-01). "Discovery of the genus Iasvia Zalessky, 1934 in the Upper Permian of France (Lodève basin) (Orthoptera, Ensifera, Oedischiidae)". Geobios. 35 (3): 293–302. doi:10.1016/S0016-6995(02)00027-X. ISSN 0016-6995.
  22. ^ BéThoux, Olivier; Nel, André; Lapeyrie, Jean; Gand, Georges (2003-11-20). "The Permostridulidae fam. n. (Panorthoptera), a new enigmatic insect family from the Upper Permian of France". European Journal of Entomology. 100 (4): 581–585. doi:10.14411/eje.2003.087.
  23. ^ Bethoux, Olivier; Nel, André; Lapeyrie, Jean; Gand, Georges; Galtier, Jean (2002-03-15). "Raphogla rubra gen. n., sp. n., the oldest representative of the clade of modern Ensifera (Orthoptera: Tettigoniidea, Gryllidea)". European Journal of Entomology. 99 (1): 111–116. doi:10.14411/eje.2002.019.
  24. ^ Boderau, Mathieu; Peng, Ancheng; Kundura, Jean-Paul; Kundura, Marie-Hélene; Nel, André (2026-01-02). "The first representative of the genus Permotermopsis (Insecta, Paoliidae) from the middle Permian of Lodève (France) with taxonomic opinions on grylloblattid and paoliid families". Historical Biology. 38 (1): 31–34. doi:10.1080/08912963.2025.2467998. ISSN 0891-2963.
  25. ^ Guan, Zhaoying; Prokop, Jakub; Roques, Patrick; Lapeyrie, Jean; Nel, André (2015). "Revision of the enigmatic insect family Anthracoptilidae enlightens the evolution of Palaeozoic stem-dictyopterans". Acta Palaeontologica Polonica. doi:10.4202/app.00051.2014. ISSN 0567-7920.
  26. ^ Béthoux, Olivier; Nel, André; Schneider, Jörg W.; Gand, Georges (2007-03-01). "Lodetiella magnifica nov. gen. and nov. sp. (Insecta: Palaeodictyoptera; Permian), an extreme situation in wing morphology of palaeopterous insects". Geobios. 40 (2): 181–189. doi:10.1016/j.geobios.2006.04.001. ISSN 0016-6995.
  27. ^ "The beetle-like Palaeozoic and Mesozoic roachoids of the so-called "umenocoleoid" lineage (Dictyoptera: Ponopterixidae fam. nov.)". Comptes Rendus Palevol (in French). 13 (7): 545–554. 2014. doi:10.1016/j.crpv.2014.05.002.
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