Rakastava
| Rakastava | |
|---|---|
| Suite by Jean Sibelius | |
The composer in 1913 | |
| Opus | 14 |
| Composed | 1912 |
| Movements | 3 |
| Scoring | |
| Rakastava | |
|---|---|
| Choral composition by Jean Sibelius | |
| Composed |
|
| Movements | 4 |
| Scoring |
|
Rakastava (The Lover), Op. 14, is a suite by Jean Sibelius. He completed it in 1912, scored for string orchestra, percussion and triangle. He based it on his earlier composition of the same title, a song cycle of four movements for men's chorus a cappella completed in 1894. The works are based on a Finnish text in Book 1 of the Kanteletar.
History
In 1894, Sibelius completed Rakastava, a cycle of four a cappella songs for men's chorus on a Finnish text in Book 1 of the collection of Finnish folk poems, the Kanteletar.[1][2] He first set it in 1894, as an entry for a local competition. He won the second prize, while the first prize went to his former teacher.[3] Sibelius arranged the cycle for men's chorus and string orchestra in 1894, and for mixed choir in 1898.[1]
Sibelius used the cycle as the basis for the orchestral suite Rakastava for string orchestra, percussion and triangle, to which he assigned the opus number 14. He completed it in 1912, when he also wrote his Fourth Symphony.[1][4] Sibelius often conducted the suite together with his symphonies because the piece "captivated audiences".[1]
Music
Structure of the song cycle
- Missä armahani
- Armahan kulku
- Hyvää iltaa lintuseni[1]
Structure of the suite
- Rakastava, Andante con moto (common time, D minor)
- Rakastetun tie (The way of the lover), Allegretto (3
4, B♭ major) - Hyvää iltaa ... Jää hyvästi (Good evening, farewell), Andantino (cut time, F major & D minor)[5]
In the first movement, the strings sound light and beautiful. The choral part of the second movement was changed to "murmurs on the strings and wonderfully flexible melodic progressions."[1] The third movement is deeply emotional as its model.[1]
Discography
The sortable table below contains other commercially available recordings of orchestral version of Rakastava:
Literature
- Tomi Mäkelä: "Jean Sibelius und seine Zeit" (German), (tr. "Jean Sibelius and his time") Laaber-Verlag, Regensburg 2013
Notes
- ^ Refers to the year in which the performers recorded the work; this may not be the same as the year in which the recording was first released to the general public.
- ^ L. Heward–HMV (E 2904621) 1985
- ^ F. Litschauer–Vanguard (VRS–430) 1952
- ^ A. Winograd–MGM (E–3332) 1956
- ^ G. Rozhdestvensky–Yedang Classics (CT–10059) 2001
- ^ L. Jones—Unicorn-Kanchana (UKCD 2047) 1991
- ^ L. Berlin–Swedish Society Discofil (SCD 1047) 2001
- ^ J. Barbirolli–EMI Classics (7243 5 67299 2 6) 2000
- ^ A. Springer–Allegria (221025–205) 2003
- ^ L. Segerstam—BIS (CD–180) 1993
- ^ a b The liner notes to this release list both venues without further specification (i.e., track-by-track).
- ^ P. Pohjola–Espoo Records (ESP–001) 1977
- ^ N. Marriner–Argo (417 132–2) 1986
- ^ A. Gibson—Chandos (CHAN 8393) 1985
- ^ N. Flagello–Peters International (PLE 087) 1971
- ^ R. Douatte–Valintatalo (VLP 13) 1982
- ^ N. Järvi–BIS (CD–312) 1986
- ^ W. Boughton–Nimbus (NI7716/7) 2000
- ^ A. Leaper–Naxos (8.550330) 1990
- ^ J. Lamminmäki–Finlandia (4509–95859–2) 1991
- ^ H. Rautasalo–Vox Artis (VACD 001) 1990
- ^ P. Berglund–FCO (FCO 1001) 1991
- ^ M. Bernardi–CBC (SMCD 5157) 1996
- ^ R. Rintoul–Ambassador (ARC 1009) 1993
- ^ C/G. Szilvay–Finlandia (544692) 1994
- ^ J. Kangas–Finlandia (4509–98995–2) 1996
- ^ P. Csaba–Ondine (ODE 830–2) 1994
- ^ C. Davis–RCA Red Seal (82876–55706–2) 2003
- ^ M. Bartosch–Intim Musik (IMCD 076) 2001
- ^ O. Vänskä—BIS (CD–1265) 2004
- ^ V. Ashkenazy—Exton (OVCL–00279) 2007
- ^ T. Kemp–Resonus Classics (RES10205) 2018
- ^ S. Mälkki—BIS (SACD–2638) 2023
- ^ E. Gardner–Chandos (CHSA 5217) 2021
References
- ^ a b c d e f g "Other orchestral works / The Lover". Jean Sibelius. Finnish Club of Helsinki. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
- ^ Rakastava (The Lover). Oxford Dictionary of Music. 2007. ISBN 978-0-19-920383-3. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
- ^ Johnston, Blair. "Rakastava (The Lover), for male chorus (with or without string orchestra), JS 160". AllMusic. Retrieved 7 December 2015.
- ^ Dettmer, Roger. "Jean Sibelius / Rakastava (The Lover), suite for string orchestra, triangle & timpani, Op. 14". AllMusic. Retrieved 1 December 2015.
- ^ Sibelius, Jean (1913). Rakastava – Miniature Score Edition. Breitkopf & Haertel. ISMN 9790004206416.
External links