Qalebatuqo Hatuqay
Qalebatuqo Hatuqay Shupago | |
|---|---|
| Къэлэубатыкъо Хьатыкъуай Шупаго | |
| Confederate Leader of Circassia (de jure) | |
| In office 1807–1827 | |
| Preceded by | Office established |
| Succeeded by | Ismail Berzeg (de facto) |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Circassian Confederation |
| Battles/wars | Russo-Circassian War |
Qalebatuqo Hatuqay Shupago (Adyghe: Къэлэубатыкъо Хьатыкъуай Шупаго) was a Circassian politician and military commander who served as the leader of the Circassian Confederation from 1807 to 1827. He took part in the Russo-Circassian War.[1][2] Not much is recorded about Qalebatuqo.
Biography
Early life
Not much is recorded about Qalebatuqo, as Circassians did not write down their history, and all knowledge comes from Russian and British sources. He had a brother named Kushmud.[3] His exact birth date is not known. Of Circassian Natukhaj nobility, he was raised with a martial education.
Name
His name was Hatuqay and was a nobleman of the House of Shupago belonging to the Qalebatuqo sub-branch. In 1807, Shupago Qalebatuqo self-proclaimed himself as the leader of the Circassian confederation, and divided Circassia into 12 major regions.[4][5][6][7]
Participation in the Russo-Circassian War
Qalebatuqo was a respected person all around Circassia and fought in the Russo-Circassian War.[8]
Leadership
In 1807, Shupago Qalebatuqo self-proclaimed himself as the leader of the Circassian confederation, and divided Circassia into 12 major regions.[8][9][10] These regions were Shapsugo-Natukhaj, Abdzakh, Chemguy, Barakay, Bzhedug, Kabardo-Besleney, Hatuqay, Makhosh, Bashilbey, Taberda, Abkhazia and Ubykh.[8][9][10]
In 1827, Ismail Berzeg officially declared the military confederation of the Circassian tribes. By the end of 1839, he managed to unite a significant part of the population under his control.[11][12] His nominal reign therefore came to an end.
Death
His death circumstances are not recorded in Russian, British or Circassian sources, and remain unknown.
References
- ^ Хункаров, Д. Урыс-Адыгэ зауэ
- ^ A.Ü. Arşivi, XII.V, Çerkez tarihi liderleri
- ^ Bell, James Stanislaus (1840). Journal of a Residence in Circassia: During the Years 1837, 1838 and 1839 : in 2 Volumes. Moxon. p. 306.
- ^ Berkok, İsmail. Tarihte Kafkasya. İstanbul Matbaası.
- ^ Berkok, İsmail. Tarihte Kafkasya
- ^ KAFFED, Çerkes Özgürlük Meclisi
- ^ These regions were Shapsugo-Natukhaj, Abdzakh, Chemguy, Barakay, Bzhedug, Kabardo-Besleney, Hatuqway, Makhosh, Bashilbey, Taberda, Abkhazia and Ubykh.
- ^ a b c Berkok, İsmail. Tarihte Kafkasya. İstanbul Matbaası.
- ^ a b Berkok, İsmail. Tarihte Kafkasya
- ^ a b KAFFED, Çerkes Özgürlük Meclisi
- ^ Hatajuqua, Ali. "Hadji-Ismail Dagomuqua Berzeg, Circassian Warrior and Diplomat". Eurasia Daily Monitor. 7 (38).
- ^ D, S. Kronolojik Savaş Tarihi