Portal:Azerbaijan

The Azerbaijan Portal

A view of Baku, Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan, officially the Republic of Azerbaijan, is a transcontinental and landlocked country at the boundary of Western Asia and Eastern Europe. It is a part of the South Caucasus region and is bounded by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia's republic of Dagestan to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia and Turkey to the west, and Iran to the south. Baku is the capital and largest city.

The territory of what is now Azerbaijan was ruled first by Caucasian Albania and later by various Persian empires. Until the 19th century, it remained part of Qajar Iran, but the Russo-Persian wars of 1804–1813 and 1826–1828 forced the Qajar Empire to cede its Caucasian territories to the Russian Empire; the treaties of Gulistan in 1813 and Turkmenchay in 1828 defined the border between Russia and Iran. The region north of the Aras was part of Iran until it was conquered by Russia in the 19th century, where it was administered as part of the Caucasus Viceroyalty.

Azerbaijan is a unitary semi-presidential republic. It is one of six independent Turkic states and an active member of the Organization of Turkic States and the TÜRKSOY community. Azerbaijan has diplomatic relations with 182 countries and holds membership in 38 international organizations, including the United Nations, the Council of Europe, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE), and the NATO PfP program. It is one of the founding members of GUAM, the Commonwealth of Independent States, and the OPCW. Azerbaijan is an observer state of the World Trade Organization. (Full article...)

Selected article -

The 26 Baku Commissars were Bolshevik and Left Socialist Revolutionary (SR) members of the Baku Commune. The commune was established in the city of Baku, which was then the capital of the briefly independent Azerbaijan Democratic Republic, and is now the capital of the Republic of Azerbaijan. The commune, led by Armenian revolutionary Stepan Shahumyan, existed until 26 July 1918 when the Bolsheviks were forced out of power by a coalition of Dashnaks, Right SRs and Mensheviks.

After their overthrow, the Baku commissars attempted to leave Baku but were captured by the Centrocaspian Dictatorship and imprisoned. On 14 September 1918, during the fall of Baku to Ottoman forces, Red Army soldiers broke into their prison and freed the commissars; they then boarded a ship to Krasnovodsk, where they were promptly arrested by local authorities and, on the night of 20 September, executed by a firing squad between the stations of Pereval and Akhcha-Kuyma on the Transcaspian Railway by Turkmen SR soldiers of the Ashkhabad Committee. They were executed for essentially letting the Islamic Army of the Caucasus seize Baku. (Full article...)

List of selected articles

Did you know (auto-generated)

... that after signing a peace agreement in 1919, Azerbaijan prepared another invasion of southern Armenia that was foiled by a rebellion in Nagorno-Karabakh?
... that in 2017 the British travel magazine Wanderlust rated Azerbaijan's electronic visa as the easiest visa to obtain in the world?
... that Ashiq Peri was the first prominent female folk poet in Azerbaijan?
... that the 14th- and 15th-century Azerbaijani poet Imadaddin Nasimi was possibly flayed alive after he was accused of being a kafir by Sunni scholars?
... that scholarly study of the poetry of Kishvari, one of the most important Azerbaijani poets of the 15th and 16th centuries, only started in 1928?
... that a 14th-century work, originally attributed to another poet, was discovered in 2018 to be the creation of the Azerbaijani poet Yusuf Meddah?

More Did you know

... that the historical Bibi-Heybat Mosque near Baku, Azerbaijan, destroyed in 1934 as result of the Soviet anti-religious campaign, was reopened in 1997 at the same location after the country gained independence?

... that celebrated Azerbaijani activist of the French Resistance Ahmadiyya Jabrayilov was persecuted by the NKVD upon his return to the USSR?

...that in the early 1990s, Surat Huseynov successfully led a military coup d'état in Azerbaijan to become the Prime Minister?

General images

The following are images from various Azerbaijan-related articles on Wikipedia.

Image 11748 maps of Shirvan, the Caucasus and Persia (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 2Pottery from Kul-Tepe I (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 3The Caucasus after the Treaty of Gulistan, in which Persia ceded most of its northern khanates to Russia after the first Russo-Persian war (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 4Shah Abbas I at a banquet (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 5Carpet based on Nizami Ganjavi's 12th-century Layla and Majnun (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 6Iran around 1900 (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 7Goytepe site (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 8Momine Khatun Mausoleum in Nakhchivan (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 9Baku's first film studio during the early 1920s (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 10Petroglyphs in Gobustan National Park date back to 10000 BC. (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 11Gobustan rock art (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 12"Hounds and Jackals" game (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 13Soviet postage stamp commemorating Azerbaijani musical instruments (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 14Mammad Amin Rasulzade, a founder and spokesperson of the Azerbaijan Democratic Republic in 1918, was widely regarded as Azerbaijan's national leader. (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 15Cut pomegranate (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 16Azerbaijani deputies to the 1907 Second Russian State Duma. Seated left is Fatali Khan Khoyski; seated right is Khalil Khasmammadov. (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 17Salt bag circa 1880, Karabakh (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 18Bazarduzu (from Geography of Azerbaijan)
Image 19Arabic inscriptions on the surviving Gate of Ganja (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 20Late-19th-century rug market in Ganja (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 21Beşbarmaq mountain in 2024 (from Geography of Azerbaijan)
Image 22Ilham Aliyev in Munich in 2010 (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 23The Achaemenid empire at its greatest extent (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 24Heydar Aliyev during a 1997 Pentagon visit (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 2519th-century Gasimushaghi carpet from Şəlvə, Lachin (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 26Sasanid silver plate from Shamakhi District (Azerbaijan State Museum of History) (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 27The Maiden Tower, in Baku's Old City (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 28Battle-scene miniature in the Palace of Shaki Khans (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 29Oil derricks in Balaxanı around 1890 (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 30Early caliphates:
  Muhammad, 622–632

  Rashidun Caliphate, 632–661

  Umayyad Caliphate, 661–750
(from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 31Side view of the Church of Kish (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 32Azerbaijan Nature Shaki (from Geography of Azerbaijan)
Image 33Baku and Caspian Sea (from Geography of Azerbaijan)
Image 34Roman inscription in Qobustan (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 35Ismail I's empire (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 36Ateshgah of Baku, a Hindu and Zoroastrian temple (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 3715th-century Shirvanshah mausoleum in Baku (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 381996 Azerbaijani postage stamp commemorating Novruz (from Culture of Azerbaijan)
Image 39Qajar-style painting of mullahs with the shah (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 40Azerbaijan map of Köppen climate classification zones (from Geography of Azerbaijan)
Image 41Transcaucasia in the early 19th century (from History of Azerbaijan)
Image 42Topographic map of Azerbaijan (from Geography of Azerbaijan)
Image 43Shah Abbas I of Safavid at a banquet. Detail from a ceiling fresco, Chehel Sotoun palace, Isfahan. (from History of Azerbaijan)

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Aghdam 6
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Stielers Handatlas 1891 59

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