Polygonum arenarium
| Polygonum arenarium | |
|---|---|
| Close-up of Polygonum arenarium subsp. pulchellum flowers | |
| Habit | |
| Scientific classification | |
| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Eudicots |
| Order: | Caryophyllales |
| Family: | Polygonaceae |
| Genus: | Polygonum |
| Species: | P. arenarium
|
| Binomial name | |
| Polygonum arenarium | |
| Synonyms[1] | |
|
List
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Polygonum arenarium, the lesser red-knotgrass or European knotweed, is a species of flowering plant in the family Polygonaceae.[2][3] It is native to Morocco, France, the former Czechoslovakia, Hungary, southeastern and eastern Europe, the Caucasus, Turkey, the Levant, Iraq, Iran, and Central Asia, and it has been introduced to Argentina, the British Isles, Germany, the Baltic States, and central European Russia.[1] A scrambling or procumbent annual, it is often found in disturbed habitats.[2] In more natural situations it is a psammophyte.[4]
Subtaxa
The following subspecies are accepted:[1]
- Polygonum arenarium subsp. arenarium – Southeastern Europe, the former Czechoslovakia, Hungary, Ukraine, Crimea, southern and eastern European Russia, the Caucasus, Turkey, the Levant, Iraq, and Central Asia, and introduced to southern Argentina, Germany, and central European Russia.[5]
- Polygonum arenarium subsp. pulchellum (Loisel.) Thell. – Morocco, France, Italy, Ukraine, Bulgaria, Greece, Turkey (including European Turkey), the Levant, North Caucasus, and Iran, and introduced to Ireland, Great Britain, and the Baltic States.[6]
References
- ^ a b c "Polygonum arenarium Waldst. & Kit". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 9 March 2026.
- ^ a b Dines, T.D.; Pescott, O.L. (2020). "Lesser Red-knotgrass Polygonum arenarium Waldst. & Kit". BSBI Online Plant Atlas 2020. Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Retrieved 9 March 2026.
- ^ "Polygonum arenarium Waldst. & Kit. Taxonomic Serial No.: 20871". itis.gov. Integrated Taxonomic Information System (ITIS). 10 June 2025. Retrieved 30 November 2025.
- ^ Kupreev, V. E.; Semenishchenkov, Yu. A.; Teleganova, V. V.; Muchnik, E. E. (2020). "Ecological and Floristic Features of Pioneer Grass Vegetation on Automorphic Sandy Soils as a Pine-Forest Recovery Phase in the Southern Part of the Nonchernozem Zone of Russia". Contemporary Problems of Ecology. 13: 20–35. doi:10.1134/S1995425520010059.
- ^ "Polygonum arenarium subsp. arenarium". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 9 March 2026.
- ^ "Polygonum arenarium subsp. pulchellum (Loisel.) Thell". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 9 March 2026.