Petty Harbour Generating Station

Petty Harbour Generating Station
Image of Petty Harbour Generating Station
Petty Harbour Generating Station
Location of Petty Harbour Generating Station in Newfoundland and Labrador
Official namePetty Harbour Hydroelectric Development
LocationCanada
Newfoundland and Labrador
Coordinates47°27′55″N 52°42′44″W / 47.465395°N 52.7122622°W / 47.465395; -52.7122622
PurposePower
StatusOperational
Construction began1898
OwnerNewfoundland Power
Dam and spillways
Type of damEarth fill dam
Power Station
OperatorsNewfoundland Light and Power Company Ltd.
Hydraulic head57.9 m (190 ft)
Turbines3
Installed capacity5.3 MW
Annual generation18 GWh

The Petty Harbour Hydro Electric Generating Station is a hydroelectric generating station in Petty Harbour–Maddox Cove, Newfoundland and Labrador. It was constructed in 1898 and it was the first hydroelectric generating station in Newfoundland.[1] It was built by the St. John's Street Railway Company, a company established by Robert Reid. Operation commenced on 19 April 1900.[2]

In 1920 Reid renamed the company the St. John's Light and Power Company. On 7 February 1921, an avalanche destroyed 23 m (75 ft) of the wooden penstock that carried water from the dam to the generating station, cutting off all electrical power to St. John's for almost five days.[2] Then, in 1924, St. John's Street Railway Company was bought by Newfoundland Light and Power Company Ltd therefore changing ownership of the dam.

On 1 May 1978, the plant was entered in the Canadian Engineering Heritage Record as a model reflecting progressive adaptation to emerging technology, and as of 2012, it remains as one of the few plants of its type still in active service.[3]

Technical Information

Equipment

Source:[4]

Turbines

Unit 2

Originally installed in 1900

Victor type (early Francis turbine): 1.4 MW, Manufactured by Stillwell, Bierce & Smith Vaille Co.

Replaced in 1908 with: Horizontal Francis, 1.57 MW, Manufactured by Voith

Unit 1

Originally installed in 1902

Inward-flow Girard type (impulse turbine):1.4 MW, Manufactured by Stillwell, Bierce & Smith Vaille Co.

Replaced in 1912 with:

Horizontal Francis: 1.57 MW, Manufactured by Voith

Unit 3

Installed 1926

Horizontal Francis: 2.05 MW, Manufactured by Armstrong Whitworth

Generators

Unit 2

Installed in 1900: 3-phase: 60 Hertz, 550 volts

Manufactured by Westinghouse

Replaced in 1926 with: 3-phase, 60 Hertz, 2,300 volts

Manufactured by General Electric

Unit 1

Installed in 1902: 3-phase, 60 Hertz, 550 volts

Manufactured by Westinghouse

Rewound in 1926 to 2,300 volts

Unit 3

Installed in 1926: 3-phase, 60 Hertz, 2,300 volts

Manufactured by General Electric

Construction

Powerhouse

48.8 metres long by 7.3 metres wide by 4.9 metres high Masonry construction[4]

Penstock

Original:
1,057 metres long, 2.4-meter by 2.4-meter cross-section wooden flume
112.2 metres long, 2.4-meter by 2.4-meter cross-section rock tunnel
115.2 metres long, 2-meter-diameter steel penstock
Replacements:
1926: 975-metre-long, 2.3-meter-diameter wood stave penstock
1953: Steel penstock (surge tank riser) replaced with 2.3-metre-diameter steel pipe
1999: Lower 740.7 metres of penstock replaced with 2.3-metre-diameter steel pipe
2021: Remainder of penstock replaced with 2.3-metre-diameter steel pipe
Intake Structure:
Concrete with steel gate and lift (integral to forebay dam)[4]

Dams & Reservoirs

Forebay

In 1900, rockfill with timber facing. Replaced in 1926 with concrete gravity. Steel anchors added in 1992. 9.1-meter maximum height.[4]

Bay Bulls Big Pond

Zoned earthfill (rebuilt 1998–1999) Concrete outlet conduit.[4]

Cochrane Pond

Earthfill with concrete overflow spillway and timber crib outlet.[4]

Tailrace

Unlined canal excavated in rock 37 metres long.[4]

References

  1. ^ McBride, Michelle. "Hydro Development in Newfoundland and Labrador". Memorial University of Newfoundland. Retrieved 2009-01-21.
  2. ^ a b "HistoricPlaces.ca - HistoricPlaces.ca". www.historicplaces.ca. Retrieved 2025-12-30.
  3. ^ Ascroft, Sheila (2012). "The Heritage of Power Generation" (PDF). nationaltrustcanada.ca.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  4. ^ a b c d e f g Evans, John G.; Kerr, Ian R (2003). Petty Harbour: Bringing Hydroelectricity to an Island Community. HCI Publications. pp. 1–3.