Paklei Namsa

Not to be confused with Tilaka or Bindi.

Paklei Namsa (ꯄꯛꯂꯩ ꯅꯝꯁꯥ), also known as Paklei Namsha, Malem Leisa, or Malem Leisha (ꯃꯥꯂꯦꯝ ꯂꯩꯁꯥ), is a traditional religious practice of placing a small amount of earth on the forehead as a mark of respect and spiritual devotion in the Sanamahi religion. It is mainly practised by the Meitei people of Kangleipak (modern day Manipur).[1][2][3]

Mythological origin

Further information: Meitei mythology and Meitei folklore

According to Meetei tradition of Nongkhong Koiba, following the advice of mother goddess Ima Leimalel Sitapi (representing the earth), Pakhangpa circled his father's seat seven times and bowed down, touching his forehead to the earth. At the moment of bowing, earth touched Pakhangpa’s forehead, forming the origin of Paklei Namsa.[1][2][3]

Meaning and etymology

In Meitei language, Paklei is made of Pak (broad or widespread) and Lei (earth or soil), Namsa is made of Nam (to put) and Sa (body or forehead). Together, Paklei Namsa means "putting earth on the forehead." The act symbolizes deep gratitude to Mother Earth, who is believed to be a deathless, ever-giving mother caring for all living beings throughout time.[1][2][3]

Daily practice and variations

The tradition is still followed today. Many elderly Meetei, whether Hindu converts or Sanamahi followers, touch the ground with their right hand’s middle finger upon waking and then touch their forehead. This is a sign of respect to the earth before stepping on it for the day.[2][3]

To apply Paklei Namsa, a small amount of earth is placed on the left palm with water. It is mixed into a paste. The middle finger of the right hand is used to apply it to the forehead.[2][3]

Misunderstandings and external influences

Over time, some people have mistakenly interpreted Paklei Namsa as "chandan" (sandalwood paste) or used imported soil. This has been influenced by cultural changes during the Hindu rule in Kangleipak, particularly during the reign of King Churachand Singh.[2][3]

During that period, substances like Gopi Chandan from Brindaban and black soil were introduced for ceremonial use. These practices caused confusion about the traditional meaning of Paklei Namsa. However, traditionally, any naturally available soil color from Mother Earth is considered suitable.[2][3]

The original Paklei Namsa does not rely on external materials or symbolism from other cultures. It comes directly from the Meetei relationship with the Earth, which they see as the ultimate, loving, and tireless mother of all life.[2][3]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b c Thokchao Pangkanpa, Thokchom (1958). Wakoklon Thilel Sallai Amailon Pukok (in Manipuri). Manipur University Library. India: Digital Library of India; Internet Archive.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g h "Paklei Namsa in Indigenous Sanamahi Religion". e-pao.net. Retrieved 2025-07-17.
  3. ^ a b c d e f g h KanglaOnline (2011-05-03). "The "Paklei Namsa" among the indigenous Sanamahi Religion followers – KanglaOnline". Retrieved 2025-07-17.
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