Oksana Steshenko
Oksana Steshenko | |
|---|---|
| Оксана Стешенко | |
Steshenko in 1891 | |
| Born | Оксана Михайлівна Старицька Oksana Mykhailivna Starytska 24 January [O.S. 12 January] 1875 Karpivka, Kremenchugsky Uyezd, Poltava Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | 1942 (aged 66–67) Kazakh SSR, USSR |
| Education | Lysenko Music and Drama School, 1907 |
| Occupations | |
| Spouse | |
| Children | 2 including, Yaroslav Steshenko |
| Parents |
|
| Relatives | Mariia Starytska (sister) Liudmyla Starytska-Cherniakhivska (sister) Veronika Chernyakhivska (niece) Mykola Lysenko (uncle) |
Oksana Mykhailivna Steshenko (née Starytska; Ukrainian: Оксана Михайлівна Стешенко; 24 January [O.S. 12 January] 1875 – 1942) was a Ukrainian and Soviet children's writer, translator and teacher.[1][2] Steshenko died during imprisonment in a gulag camp in the Kazakh SSR.[1]
Early life and education
Oksana Mykhailivna Starytska was born on 24 January [O.S. 12 January] 1875 in the village of Karpivka, Kremenchugsky Uyezd (present-day Ukraine) to a Ukrainian intelligentsia family.[1] Steshenko's father, Mykhailo Starytsky, was a writer, poet and playwright, and her mother Sofiia Starytska, was an activist, entrepreneur and actress.[1][3] Steshenko was one of five children, and was the younger sister of the actress and director Mariia Starytska, and the writer, translator, and literary critic Liudmyla Starytska-Cherniakhivska.
In 1892, Steshenko graduated from the First Private Women's Gymnasium[a] and later graduated from the Lysenko Music and Drama School in 1907.[1]
Career
From 1888 to 1893, Steshenko was a member of the "Pleiada" literary group alongside her sister Liudmyla Starytska-Cherniakhivska and her future husband Ivan Steshenko.[1][4][5]
In August 1898, Steshenko and her now husband Ivan Steshenko took part in the congress of the illegal society Young Ukraine (Ukrainian: Молода Україна).[3]
From 1908 onwards Steshenko was a member of the Ukrainian Club and it successor Rodyna (Ukrainian: Родина), [1] until it was outlawed in 1918.
In 1917, Steshenko began working for the Ministry of Education of the Ukrainian People's Republic department of extracurricular education.[1] Steshenko also taught at the 1st Ukrainian Gymnasium in Kyiv.[1]
In 1939, Steshenko was accepted into the National Writers' Union of Ukraine.[1]
Steshenko translated Russian literature into Ukrainian.[3]
Arrests
Russian Empire
In 1897, aged 22, Steshenko was imprisoned for participating in a demonstration protesting the death of Mariia Vetrova.[5] Imprisoned for two weeks at Lukyanivska Prison, Steshenko was housed in a cell next to Ivan Steshenko.[5] During this time the two declared their love for each and agreed to get married upon their release.[5]
Steshenko was released under a "wolf's ticket", which placed her under public supervision for two years and prohibited her from teaching or from working in university towns.[5]
NKVD arrest and death
On 20 July 1941, Steshenko and her sister Liudmyla Starytska-Cherniakhivska were arrested by the NKVD.[1][3][5] Steshenko and Starytska-Cherniakhivska were taken to Kharkiv where they were charged with carrying out anti-Soviet activity under Article 54 of the Criminal Code of the Ukrainian SSR.[1][3][5] Both sisters were then transported via Stolypin wagon to the Kazakh SSR.[1][3][5] Starytska-Cherniakhivska died during the journey, and her dead body was thrown from the train.[2][5]
In 1942 [b] Steshenko died at a gulag camp.[1][5] The location of Steshenko's grave is unknown.[1]
Personal life
In 1897, Steshenko married Ivan Steshenko.[1] Together they had two children the bibliographer Yaroslav Steshenko and the actress Iryna Steshenko.[3]
Notes
References
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q Міхно, Олександр Петрович (2025). "Січень – лютий 2025. Постаті" [January-February 2025. Figures] (PDF). Освіта і суспільство (in Ukrainian). 1 (82): 36–38. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
- ^ a b "Turning the pages back... August 29 1868" (PDF). The Ukrainian Weekly. Vol. 35. Jersey City, New Jersey. 28 August 1994. p. 6. Archived from the original (PDF) on 23 March 2025. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
- ^ a b c d e f g h "Steshenko, Oksana". Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Edmonton, Alberta: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, University of Alberta. 2001. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
- ^ "Pleiada". Internet Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Edmonton, Alberta: Canadian Institute of Ukrainian Studies, University of Alberta. 2001. Retrieved 15 February 2026.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "1875 – народилася Оксана Стешенко (Старицька)" [1875 – Oksana Steshenko (Starytska) was born]. Historical calendar (in Ukrainian). Kyiv: Ukrainian Institute of National Memory. Retrieved 15 February 2026.