Next Japanese general election

General elections are scheduled to be held in Japan no later than 8 February 2030 to elect all 465 seats of the House of Representatives, the lower house of the National Diet. Voting will take place in all constituencies, including 289 single-seat electoral districts and 11 proportional blocks (176 seats).^[1] An election may occur before the scheduled date if the Prime Minister of Japan dissolves Parliament for a snap election or if the House of Representatives passes a motion of no confidence in the government.

The 2026 general election resulted in the ruling Liberal Democratic Party (LDP) regaining its majority, which it had lost in 2024, securing the largest seat count in the party's 71-year history and a two-third supermajority in the lower house. The Liberal Democratic Party–Japan Innovation Party coalition (LDP–JIP) further held three-fourths of the total seats in the House of Representatives.^[2]

The 465 seats of the House of Representatives are contested via parallel voting. Of these, 289 members are elected in single-member constituencies using first-past-the-post voting, while 176 members are elected in 11 multi-member constituencies via party list proportional representation. Candidates from parties with legal political party-list, which requires either ≥5 Diet members or ≥1 Diet member and ≥2% of the nationwide vote in one tier of a recent national election, are allowed to stand in a constituency and be present on the party list. If they lose their constituency vote, they may still be elected in the proportionally allocated seats; however, if such a dual candidate wins less than 10% of the vote in their majoritarian constituency, they are also disqualified as a proportional candidate.