National Route 1 (Vietnam)

National Route 1
Quốc lộ 1
National Route 1 (CT.01) near Từ Sơn, Bắc Ninh province
Route information
Part of AH1
Length2,482 km (1,542 mi)
ExistedEarly 20th century–present
Major junctions
North end G322 at Hữu Nghị Quan Border Gate, Chinese border
Major intersections
South endNăm Căn commune, Cà Mau province
Location
CountryVietnam
Highway system
← QL 279→ QL 1B

National Route 1 (Vietnamese: Quốc lộ 1 (or abbrv. QL.1) or Đường 1), also known as National Route 1A, is the trans-Vietnam highway. The route begins at km 0 at Hữu Nghị Quan Border Gate near the China-Vietnam border,[1] runs the length of the country connecting major cities including Hanoi, Đà Nẵng, Hồ Chí Minh City, Cần Thơ, and ends at km 2482[2] at Năm Căn commune in Cà Mau province.

Route Info

National Route 1 passes through 22 provinces and cities with the following key junctions:

Length of National Route 1 passing through the provinces/cities of Vietnam
No. Province/City Km Length (km) Ranking
1 Lạng Sơn 16 94,5 14
2 Bắc Ninh 119 57,7 18
3 Hà Nội 170 55,3 19
4 Ninh Bình 263 69 17
5 Thanh Hóa 323 109,8 10
6 Nghệ An 461 91,3 15
7 Hà Tĩnh 510 126,9 5
8 Quảng Trị 658 197,4 2
9 Huế 824 118,4 8
10 Đà Nẵng 929 123,9 6
11 Quảng Ngãi 1054 98,0 13
12 Gia Lai 1232 118,3 9
13 Đắk Lắk 1329 123,2 7
14 Khánh Hòa 1450 222,8 1
15 Lâm Đồng 1701 181,4 4
16 Đồng Nai 1867 98,7 12
17 Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh 1889 52,5 20
18 Tây Ninh 1924 30,8 22
19 Đồng Tháp 1954 72,8 16
20 Vĩnh Long 2029 38,7 21
21 Cần Thơ 2068 99 11
22 Cà Mau 2236 184,8 3

Specifications

  • Total length 2482 km [1]
  • Road width: 21 m
  • Road surface: paved with asphalt
  • Total bridges: 874 bridges, bridge load varies from 25 to 30 metric tonnes

History

The National Route 1 was constructed by the French colonists in early 20th century. During both the First Indochina War and Second Indochina War (the Vietnam War), Road 1A was the site of a number of battles between Vietnamese forces and French or American troops. One of the most notable engagements was the French Operation Camargue in 1953.

In South Vietnam, there were two divided sections of the main highway from Quảng Trị to Ba Xuyên (Cà Mau): QL-1 (National Highway 1) and QL-4 (National Highway 4). It bypassed Saigon-Biên Hòa. Extensive upgrade work was done by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers[3] during the 2nd Indo China War. In 1966 the 19th Engineer Battalion began to "upgrade highway QL-1 from virtually a dirt trail, to a class 31 all-weather road,[4] from Qui Nhơn north to Bong Son." By 1970, the QL-1 had been upgraded all the way to Mo Duc.

The road was upgraded using official development assistance from Japan, and loans from the World Bank.

Future

The central section of the highway, from Hữu Nghị Border Gate to Cà Mau, is planned to be duplicated by the North–South Expressway.

References

  1. ^ a b Vietnam Road Atlas (Tập Bản đồ Giao thông Đường bộ Việt Nam). Cartographic Publishing House (Vietnam), 2004
  2. ^ "Highway 1A Vietnam Overview". Vietnam Online. Retrieved 31 May 2025.
  3. ^ "Our History" (PDF). 19th Combat Engineer Btn., Vietnam. Retrieved December 22, 2019.
  4. ^ "Planning and design of Roads, Airfields, and Heliports in the theater of operations" (PDF). Department of the Army. 1994. Archived from the original (PDF) on 2019-09-26. Retrieved 2019-12-22.
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