Mountain cuscus

Mountain cuscus[1]
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Infraclass: Marsupialia
Order: Diprotodontia
Family: Phalangeridae
Genus: Phalanger
Species:
P. carmelitae
Binomial name
Phalanger carmelitae
Thomas, 1898
Mountain cuscus range

The mountain cuscus (Phalanger carmelitae) is a species of marsupial in the family Phalangeridae found in West Papua, Indonesia and Papua New Guinea.[2]

Taxonomy

The mountain cuscus belongs to the family Phalangeridae and the genus Phalanger. It was first described by Oldfield Thomas in 1898. The species includes two recognized subspecies: the nominate P. c. carmelitae Thomas, 1898, and P. c. coccygis Thomas, 1922.[3]

Description

The mountain cuscus has a head-body length of 37–43 cm, a tail length of 31–36.5 cm, and weighs 1.7–2.6 kg. Its thick, woolly fur is dark, ranging from chocolate-brown to blackish and occasionally dark grayish-brown, on the back, with a white belly. The tail is black with a white distal tip and is coarsely tuberculated. The skull is medium-sized, with a condylobasal length of 70–88 mm, a relatively short rostrum, a large posterior upper premolar and molars, the second upper premolar always present, and three unicuspids on each side of the lower jaw.[4]

The mountain cuscus is most easily confused with the silky cuscus (P. sericeus), which differs in having a smooth tail without tuberculation, a shorter or absent white tail tip, the second upper premolar absent, and usually only one or two unicuspids on each side of the lower jaw.[4]

Behavior

The mountain cuscus is nocturnal and arboreal, resting during the day in tree hollows and in tangles of epiphytes and Pandanus fronds.[5] At night it spends approximately 40% of its time feeding, around 25% resting, and the remainder traveling. Males have been recorded using 11–13 dens per year, spaced an average of 115 m apart, while females use 12–19 dens per year spaced an average of 124 m apart.[4]

Male mountain cuscuses move at an average speed of 59 m/h across a home range of approximately 4 ha, while females travel at an average of 37 m/h across home ranges of 2–8 ha. Adjacent home ranges overlap only slightly, with male home ranges overlapping by an average of 0–22% and female home ranges by only 0–5%.[4] The population trend is considered stable.[2]

References

  1. ^ Groves, C. P. (2005). Wilson, D. E.; Reeder, D. M. (eds.). Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference (3rd ed.). Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 47. ISBN 0-801-88221-4. OCLC 62265494.
  2. ^ a b c Leary, T.; Singadan, R.; Menzies, J.; Helgen, K.; Wright, D.; Allison, A.; Salas, L.; Dickman, C. (2016). "Phalanger carmelitae". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2016 e.T16853A21950989. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2016-2.RLTS.T16853A21950989.en. Retrieved 12 November 2021.
  3. ^ "Phalanger carmelitae Thomas, 1898". Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Retrieved 21 March 2026.
  4. ^ a b c d "Phalanger carmelitae Thomas 1898 - Plazi TreatmentBank". tb.plazi.org. Retrieved 2026-03-21.
  5. ^ Detectives, Palm Oil (2025-06-28). "Mountain Cuscus Phalanger carmelitae". Palm Oil Detectives. Retrieved 2026-03-21.