Moopil Nair

Moopil Nair, also transliterated Mooppil and Muppil, is a subgroup of the Samantan Nair[1][2][3][4][5][6] caste. They were naduvazhis[7] and desavazhis in the Malabar region[7], present-day Kerala state, South India, typically owing at least nominal allegiance to a superordinate Raja, despite frequently aggregating lands and political powers of sufficient scale so as to establish them as essentially autonomous monarchs in their own rights[6][1][5]. Although Moopils frequently simply styled themselves as 'the' name of swaroopam/tharavadu Nair, virtually all were entitled to higher titular Nair rank[2].

Among them was Kavalappara Moopil Nair [3], who ruled the small kingdom of Kavalappara Swaroopam, and a nominal feudatory of the Vellattiri Raja of Valluvanad, himself a sometime Moopil Nair.[8] Kavalappara holdings spanned some 155,358 acres of allodially freeheld jenmi lands, rendering them among Malabar's foremost jenmimars, alongside fellow Moopil Nairs such as the Mannarghat Nair, a feudatory of the Vallabha Velattiri Raja of Valluvanad, whose peak estates subsumed some 180,000 acres of Malabar lands, and Koothali Nair, whose total holdings are unknown, but whose rump holdings along as escheated to Malabar state amounted to some 53,000 acres who along with his cousin Payyormala Avinyat moopil nair[1] ruled the kingdom of Payyormala[4][2] with nominal allegiance to the Zamorin , Kurangoth Nair[9][10] ruler of the small kingdom of Kurangoth vassal to Kolathiri , Pulavayil Nair[6] [11]ruler of pulavayil[12] with nominal allegiance to Zamorin and Kutiravatathu moopil nair[13] [14] the cavalry chief of Zamorin .KT Moopil Nair had a landholding of 50,000 acres comprising both agricultural and forest land.[15]

Notable Moopil Nairs

References

  1. ^ a b c Aiyar, Kudalūr Ramachandra (1883). A Manual of Malabar Law: As Administered by the Courts. Vest.
  2. ^ a b c Logan, William (1998). Malabar Manual: Collection of treaties, engagements, and other papers of importance relating to British affairs in Malabar. Kerala Gazetteers.
  3. ^ a b The Madras Weekly Notes. N. R. K. Tatachariar. 1944.
  4. ^ a b Innes, Charles Alexander (1997). Malabar Gazetteer. Kerala Gazetteers.
  5. ^ a b c Journal of Indian History. Department of Modern Indian History. 1977.
  6. ^ a b c d Raja, P. K. S. (1966). Mediaeval Kerala. Navakerala Co-op Publishing House.
  7. ^ a b Wigram, Herbert (1882). A Commentary on Malabar Law and Custom. Cookson and Company.
  8. ^ Kurup, K. K. N. (1988). Modern Kerala: Studies in Social and Agrarian Relations. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-094-9.
  9. ^ Aiyar, Kudalūr Ramachandra (1883). A Manual of Malabar Law: As Administered by the Courts. Vest.
  10. ^ Congress, Indian History (1998). Proceedings. Indian History Congress.
  11. ^ William Logan's Malabar Manual: New Edition with Commentaries. Kerala Gazetteers Department. 2000. ISBN 978-81-85499-37-6.
  12. ^ Logan, William (1998). Malabar Manual: Collection of treaties, engagements, and other papers of importance relating to British affairs in Malabar. Kerala Gazetteers.
  13. ^ Devi, R. Leela (1986). History of Kerala. Vidyarthi Mithram Press & Book Depot.
  14. ^ Kunhali, V. (2004). Calicut in History. Publication Division, University of Calicut. ISBN 978-81-7748-067-2.
  15. ^ a b Rai, Udai Raj (2011). Fundamental Rights and Their Enforcement. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd. ISBN 978-81-203-4432-7.
  16. ^ A Handbook of Kerala. International School of Dravidian Linguistics. 2000. ISBN 978-81-85692-31-9.
  17. ^ Mathew, K. S.; Singh, Mahavir; Varkey, Joy (2005). Migration in South India. Shipra Publications. ISBN 978-81-7541-228-6.
  18. ^ Vadivelu, A. (1915). The Ruling Chiefs, Nobles & Zamindars of India. G.C. Loganadham.
  19. ^ Aiyar, Kudalūr Ramachandra (1883). A Manual of Malabar Law: As Administered by the Courts. Vest.
  20. ^ Kurup, K. K. N. (1988). Modern Kerala: Studies in Social and Agrarian Relations. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-094-9.
  21. ^ Kerala (India); Menon, A. Sreedhara (1962). Kerala District Gazetteers: Kottayam. Superintendent of Government Presses.
  22. ^ Encyclopaedia of Cities and Towns in India: Kerala. Gyan Publishing House. 2008. ISBN 978-81-212-0986-1.
  23. ^ Kerala (India); Menon, A. Sreedhara (1962). Kerala District Gazetteers: Kottayam. Superintendent of Government Presses.
  24. ^ Nair, C. Gopalan (1911). Malabar Series: Wynad: Its Peoples and Traditions ... Higginbothem & Company.
  25. ^ Ltd, Infokerala Communications Pvt (1 September 2019). Pilgrimage to Temple Heritage 2019. Info Kerala Communications Pvt Ltd. ISBN 978-81-934567-8-1.
  26. ^ Kerala (India) (1962). Kerala District Gazetteers: Kozhikode. Superintendent of Government Presses.
  27. ^ Fawcett, F. (1 February 2004). Nâyars of Malabar. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0171-0.
  28. ^ Logan, William (1989). A Collection of Treaties, Engagements, and Other Papers of Importance Relating to British Affairs in Malabar. Asian Educational Services. ISBN 978-81-206-0449-0.
  29. ^ Malabar (India) (1891). A Collection of Treaties: Engagements and Other Papers of Importance Relating to British Affairs in Malabar. Superintendent Government Press.
  30. ^ Janifer, Laurence M.; Logan, William (1887). Malabar. R. Hill.
  31. ^ Aiyar, Kudalūr Ramachandra (1883). A Manual of Malabar Law: As Administered by the Courts. Vest.
  32. ^ Wigram, Herbert (1882). A Commentary on Malabar Law and Custom. Cookson and Company.
  33. ^ Logan, William (1998). Malabar Manual: Collection of treaties, engagements, and other papers of importance relating to British affairs in Malabar. Kerala Gazetteers.

Further reading

  • Dhanagare, D. N. (February 1977). "Agrarian Conflict, Religion and Politics: The Moplah Rebellions in Malabar in the Nineteenth and Early Twentieth Centuries". Past & Present (74): 112–141. doi:10.1093/past/74.1.112. JSTOR 650217. (subscription required)
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