Mediterranean Revival architecture

Mediterranean Revival is an architectural style that incorporates traditional design aspects from the Mediterranean region, particularly Spain, Italy, southern France, and Greece.[1] The style includes influences from Spanish Renaissance, Spanish Colonial, Italian Renaissance, French Colonial, Beaux-Arts, Moorish, and Venetian Gothic architecture.

Inspired by the architectural traditions of Mediterranean countries, particularly Spain and Italy, the style gained traction in North America in the early 20th century and flourished during the 1920s and 1930s, especially in the rapidly expanding cities and coastal resorts of Florida and California.[2][3][4] The movement also spread to neighboring countries, often through American architects, such as Cuba and Canada.

Structures are generally based on a rectangular floor plan, typically one or two stories, which feature massive, symmetrical primary façades. Common characteristics include stuccoed walls, red tiled roofs, arched or circular windows, wood or wrought iron balconies with window grilles, and articulated door surrounds; keystones were occasionally employed, while ornamentation varied from simple to dramatic.[5][6] The style often integrated lush gardens and landscapes through courtyards, patios, open-air doorways.[1]

Mediterranean Revival was most commonly utilized for hotels, apartment buildings, commercial structures, and residences. Architects August Geiger and Addison Mizner were foremost in Florida, while Bertram Goodhue, Sumner Spaulding, and Paul Williams were in California.

Examples

See also

References

  1. ^ a b Marco, Pasquale De (April 8, 2025). California's Architectural Heritage: A Journey Through Time and Styles. Pasquale De Marco. pp. 45–46.
  2. ^ "Lake Wales Multiple Property Listing" (PDF). National Park Service. p. Section F.1, p. 2. derived from a combination of architectural elements borrowed from countries and cultures surrounding the Mediterranean Sea, primarily Spain and Italy
  3. ^ "Francis Marion Stokes Four-plex National Register Nomination". National Park Service. p. Section 8, p. 8. The early twentieth century revival of Spanish or Mediterranean flavored architecture dates its American roots to the Panama-California Exposition in San Diego
  4. ^ "Normandy Isles Historic District National Register Nomination". National Park Service. p. Section 7, p. 3. first introduced in the United States around the turn of the nineteenth century, and came into prominence in the 1920s and 1930s
  5. ^ Harris, Cyril M. (1998). American Architecture: An Illustrated Encyclopedia. New York [u.a.]: Norton. p. 211. ISBN 0393730298.
  6. ^ "Colorful, Exotic and Bold Lines Define the Mediterranean House Plan". The Plan Collection. Retrieved August 1, 2015.
  7. ^ "National Register of Historic Places Registration Form - Hollywood Boulevard Commercial and Entertainment District". United States Department of the Interior - National Park Service. April 4, 1985.

Further reading

  • Gustafson, Lee and Phil Serpico (1999). Santa Fe Coast Lines Depots: Los Angeles Division. Palmdale, CA: Acanthus Press. ISBN 0-88418-003-4.
  • Newcomb, Rexford (1992). Mediterranean Domestic Architecture for the United States. New York: Hawthorne Printing Company. ISBN 0-926494-13-9.
  • Nolan, David (1995). The Houses of St. Augustine. Sarasota, Pineapple Press.
  • Nylander, Justin A. (2010). Casas to Castles: Florida's Historic Mediterranean Revival Architecture. Schiffer Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7643-3435-1.
  • Signor, John R. (1997). Southern Pacific Lines: Pacific Lines Stations. Vol. 1. Pasadena, CA: Southern Pacific Historical and Technical Society. ISBN 0-9657208-4-5.
  • Media related to Mediterranean Revival architecture at Wikimedia Commons
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