Mastigias

Mastigias
Mastigias papua
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Cnidaria
Class: Scyphozoa
Order: Rhizostomeae
Family: Mastigiidae
Genus: Mastigias
Agassiz, 1862
Species

8 species, see text

Mastigias is a genus of true jellyfish in the family Mastigiidae. It contains eight recognized species.[1] Members of this genus are found widely in coastal regions of the Indo-Pacific, including saline lakes of Palau (e.g., Jellyfish Lake), but there are also records from the West Atlantic at Florida and Puerto Rico. The West Atlantic records are most likely the result of accidental introductions by humans.[2]

Species

According to the World Register of Marine Species, this genus includes eight recognized species:[1]

Synapomorphies

See also: Synapomorphy

For reproduction, Mastigias papua has adopted a mono-mode reproductive strategy that develops only free-swimming buds.[3] Mastigias organisms also are able to produce swimming frustules, a hard and porous cell wall covering diatoms.[4]

Habitat

The genus Mastigias is native to the western and central Indo-Pacific, from Australia to Japan, and Micronesia to the Indian Ocean.[5] However, most Mastigias organisms choose to live in landlocked marine lakes.[6] Behavioral differences among this genus do occur with varying habitats. Marine lake Mastigias' swim slower than their oceanic ancestors.[7] The Mastigias genus may have to adapt to a habitat with warmer temperatures. With growing temperature deviation above the average, organisms within this genus have seen a decrease in population abundance as well as growing mortality rates.[8]

Interactions

Mastigias jellyfish have a symbiotic relationship with zooxanthellae[9] living in host gastrodermal cells where they exhibit phased division.[10] Mastigias papua symbiotically produce ephyrae only in the presence of Symbiodinium, in a process called strobilation.[11]

References

  1. ^ a b "Mastigias Agassiz, 1862". WoRMS. World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 24 November 2025.
  2. ^ Bayha, Keith M.; Graham, William M. (2011). "First confirmed reports of the rhizostome jellyfish Mastigias (Cnidaria: Rhizostomeae) in the Atlantic basin" (PDF). Aquatic Invasions. 6 (3): 361–366. doi:10.3391/ai.2011.6.3.13.
  3. ^ Schiariti, A.; Morandini, A.C.; Jarms, G.; von Glehn Paes, R.; Franke, S.; Mianzan, H. (2014). "Asexual reproduction strategies and blooming potential in Scyphozoa". Marine Ecology Progress Series. 510: 241–253. doi:10.3354/meps10798. hdl:11336/101241.
  4. ^ Raskoff, Kevin (2003). "Collection and Culture Techniques for Gelatinous Zooplankton". Biological Bulletin. 204 (1): 68–80. doi:10.2307/1543497. JSTOR 1543497. PMID 12588746. S2CID 22389317.
  5. ^ Kramp, P. L. (November 1961). "Synopsis of the Medusae of the World". Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom. 40: 7. Bibcode:1961JMBUK..40....7K. doi:10.1017/S0025315400007347. ISSN 0025-3154.
  6. ^ "Front Matter". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 102 (26): 9088. 2005. JSTOR 3375851.
  7. ^ Dawson, Michael (2016). "Island and island-like marine environments". Global Ecology and Biogeography. 25 (7/8): 831–846. Bibcode:2016GloEB..25..831D. doi:10.1111/geb.12314. JSTOR 43871671.
  8. ^ Dawson, Mike N; Martin, Laura E.; Penland, Lolita K. (2001). "Jellyfish swarms, tourists, and the Christ-child". Hydrobiologia. 451 (1–3): 131–144. doi:10.1023/A:1011868925383.
  9. ^ McCloskey, L. R.; Muscatine, L.; Wilkerson, F. P. (1994). "Daily photosynthesis, respiration, and carbon budgets in a tropical marine jellyfish (Mastigias sp.)". Marine Biology. 119 (1): 13–22. doi:10.1007/BF00350101.
  10. ^ Fitt, W.K. (2000). "Cellular Growth of Host and Symbiont in a Cnidarian-Zooxanthellar Symbiosis". Biological Bulletin. 198 (1): 110–120. doi:10.2307/1542809. JSTOR 1542809. PMID 10707819.
  11. ^ Sugiura, Yasuo (1964). "On the life-history of rhizostome medusae II. Indispensability of zooxanthellae for strobilation in Mastigias papua". Embryologia. 8 (3): 223–233. doi:10.1111/j.1440-169X.1964.tb00200.x.
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