Mas'ud III of Ghazni
| Mas'ūd III of Ghazna | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ghaznavid Sultan Ala ad-Dawlah علاء الدولہ (Blessing of the State) Jalāl ad-Dīn[1] Nizam ad-Dīn wa-d-Dunyā[1] Nāsir Khalīfat Allāh[1] | |||||
| Sultan of Ghaznavid Empire | |||||
| Reign | 25 August 1099 – March 1115 | ||||
| Predecessor | Ibrahim | ||||
| Successor | Shir-Zad | ||||
| Born | c. 1061 Ghazni Ghaznavid Empire | ||||
| Died | March 1115 (aged 53–54) Ghaznavid Empire | ||||
| Spouse | Fülane Khatun Gawhar Khatun | ||||
| Issue | Shir-Zad of Ghazna Arslan-Shah of Ghazna Bahram-Shah of Ghazna | ||||
| |||||
| House | Ghaznavid Dynasty | ||||
| Father | Ibrahim | ||||
| Religion | Sunni Islam | ||||
Mas'ūd III of Ghazna (b. 1061 – d. 1115), was a sultan of the Ghaznavid Empire and son of the Ghaznavid sultan, Ibrahim of Ghazna
Life
Mas'ūd bin Ibrahim was born in 1061 in Ghazni.[2] Prior to his reign, in 1082-83, Mas'ūd III married Seljuk princess Mahd-i 'Iraq Jauhar Khatun bint Malik Shah.
Reign
Mas'ud III's reign spanned 16 years (1099-1115). He primarily ruled over the territories of Afghanistan, Northwest India, and Pakistan. He struck coins in the name of Caliph Al-Mustazhir and continued the Ghaznavid policy of acknowledging the supremacy of the Abbasid Caliphate, with its capital in Baghdad. Friendly relations were maintained with the eastern Seljuks during his reign.[3][4]
In 1112, Mas'ūd III built the Palace of Sultan Mas'ud III in Ghazni, Afghanistan. Mas'ūd III was also responsible for the construction of one of the two "Towers of Victory",[5] also known as the Minarets of Ghazni.[6][7][8]
Following Sultan Mas'ūd III's death in 1115, a four-year period of increased instability ensued due to the internal struggle for succession amongst his sons, Shīr-Zād (r. 1115-1116), Malik Arslan (r. 1116-1117), and Bahrām Shāh (r. 1117-1157)[3]. With the assistance and political backing of the eastern Seljuk sultan Sunjar Bahram, Shāh defeated his brother Arslan and ascended the throne as a Seljuk vassal following the Battle of Ghazni in 1117. [9][3]
Architecture
Minaret of Mas'ud III in Ghazni
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Mas'ud III b. Ibrahim Ghazni minaret, Ghazni, built between 1099 and 1115 CE
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Detail of the intricate brickwork on the Mas'ud III Tower
Palace of Mas'ud III in Ghazni
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Remains of the palace, to the east of Ghazni.
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Ghaznavid panel from the reign of Mas ud III 1100-1150 CE
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Carved relief from the Palace of Sultan Mas'ud III
See also
References
- ^ a b c Bosworth 1977, p. 83.
- ^ Dupree, Nancy (1979). An Historical Guide To Afghanistan. p. 184.
- ^ a b c C. E. Bosworth. The Later Ghaznavids: Splendour and Decay. pp. 82–83.
- ^ Bosworth, C.E. (2007). "GHAZNAVIDS". Encyclopaedia Iranica. Retrieved 2025-11-30.
- ^ Dupree, Louis (2014-07-01). Afghanistan. Princeton University Press. doi:10.2307/j.ctt7zv45h.24. ISBN 978-1-4008-5891-0. JSTOR j.ctt7zv45h.
- ^ "Qasr-i Mas'ud-i Sivvum". Archnet. Archived from the original on 2021-01-30. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
- ^ "Sites and buildings". ghazni.bradypus.net. Archived from the original on 2021-01-29. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
- ^ "Manar-i Mas'ud III". Archnet. Retrieved 2021-01-24.
- ^ Bosworth 2006.
Sources
- Bosworth, C. E. (2006). "Ghaznavids". Encyclopaedia Iranica.
- Bosworth, Clifford Edmund (1977). The Later Ghaznavids: Splendour and Decay. Edinburgh University Press. ISBN 978-0-85224-315-2.
External links
- Media related to Mas'ud III of Ghazni at Wikimedia Commons
- Quotations related to Mas'ud III of Ghazni at Wikiquote